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1、应用文写作便笺(便条)和短信一、概述一、概述 便条也是书信的一种形式。它的特点是内容简短，主要有临时性的询问、留言、通知、要求等。跟正规书信相比，便条的语言比较口头化，比如要通知某事只需这样开头：Just a line to tell you that而无须像正规书信那样 This is to inform you that开头。另外，在便条中常出现省略现象，例如：“key to back door is under mat.”或者“key to back door under mat .”（后门钥匙在垫子下面）代之以“The key to the back door is under the
2、 mat.”。 结束时也无需结尾礼词，只需写上写便条者姓名。如果是关系比较近的人，则只需写上姓或名。 便条的日期通常写在右上角。一般只写上星期几或者星期几上午或下午，也可写上午、下午的具体时刻。日常应用中，写上几月几日的也很普遍。但一般不写年份，因为便条的内容多半是当日或近日内要办的事情。写便条时，不得事先准备，因此无固定格式，大多用手写。 二、注意事项二、注意事项 1.词句简洁，尽量避免应酬语和各种敬词 2.切忌内容空洞、言不达意。 三、分类举例三、分类举例 1 1）请假（）请假（AskingAsking forfor LeaveLeave） 例 1 Directions：You are a
3、bout to write a Business Leave Note of about 100 words. Please describe these information clearly. 1）the reason you ask for the leave 2）the time and how long you will leave Class 4，Grade 3 Aug. 22nd To Department Office Secretary Li， Im sorry to apply for ten days leave from the Aug. 23rd to sept，3r
4、d instant. As I have to leave with the time is urgent. My father now in the hospital is badly ill. I have to go to see him and take care of him for a few days. You know Im the only child in my family. Of course I will show you the telegram about my fathers illness which is recieved from my mother to
5、 support my application. As concern as the missed lessons during my absence，I promise I will do my best to catch them on after I come back to the campus. Wish for your allowance. Yours respectfully *本文是一封请假条，一般我们要向上级或老师请假，通常用的是 ack for leave 这个短语，请三天假可写作：ask for three daysleave；因病请假则是 ask for sick l
6、eave.leave 在这里是名词用法，文中用的短语是 apply for 意为“申请”，含有更加郑重的意味，常用于下级对上级或晚辈对长辈的书面语中，“Only child”意为“独生子女”相应的，“独生女”译作“only daughter”而“独生子”译作“only son”。As concern as.后面跟名词性结构，意为“涉及到，至于”与 Concerning 同意，两者可以互换。 例 2 Directions：Your father is seriously ill，and you want to go back home. Write a note to the secretary
7、 and it should include. 1）the cause for leaving； 2）the days：from 16th to 21 st； 3）Catch on the lesson after returning school. July 5th Dear Miss Huang， My sister called me last night，and she said that my father is dangerously ill. I beg to apply for seven daysleave of absence from 16th to 21st insta
8、nt，in order that I can see my beloved father. I should be much obliged if you would grant me my application. As regards the lessons to be missed during my absence，I will do my best to make up for them as soon as I get back from home. Sincerely yours， *本格式采用 The Semi-indented Form（半缩进式），以前比较流行，现在人们也继
9、续采用。I should be much obliged if you would是一种客套语，表示“结果，我当不胜感激。”“补课”的英文是 to make up for the lessons.as soon as 意思是一就。 2 2）约请（）约请（InvitationInvitation） 例 1 Directions：You have a ticket to the Russian National Ballet Troupe，which is visiting and you want to give it to your friend Alice. Write a note to
10、her and say： 1）the time of the show， 2）the place where you will wait for her You should write about 100 words. Sunday Dear Alice， Here is a piece of good news for you. The Russian National Ballet Troupe，which is now on a visit in Beijing，will give a performance in the Beijing Grand Theater tomorrow
11、evening. I am sure that you will be happy to watch it. Here I leave you an admission card. The performance will begin at seven oclock sharp. I will wait for you at the theater entrance. Please let me know whether you are prevented from coming or not. *约朋友一起去看戏，可是朋友不在家，只好留下票子和一张便条，但又怕朋友来不了，所以在便条最后特地写
12、上“如果你来不了，告诉我一声”（Please let me know whether you are prevented from coming）此文的 wait for 也可以用 expect 代替。3 3）道歉（）道歉（ApologyApology） 人非圣贤，孰能无过。在社会交往中，人们常常会出现一些疏忽、过失等。如果发生此类事情，就会给对方带来麻烦和不便。为了避免误解，不影响感情，在这种情况下，应写信给对方予以解释，以请求谅解。 此类信要写得及时，态度要诚恳，用词需谦逊。一般在信一开始就向对方表示歉意或内疚，然后说明原因并提出补救的办法。 例 1 Directions：You have
13、 missed a date of your friend，now you have to write a letter for appologization in about 100 words. May 20th Dear Lily， I am sorry I missed seeing you yesterday. I know that you must have been disappointed. I also feel worried and anxious in my heart. The fact is that my manager at the last moment a
14、sked me to prepare a urgent plan while I could not get to a phone to call you and yesterday I have worked late until about 8：30 p. m. I am terribly sorry. However，I would like to ask you out this weekend to make up for yesterday. Please give me a chance and I am waiting for your reply. *临时有事未能赴约，一定要
15、把事情解释清楚并真诚的道歉，最好能有弥补（to make up），就像这封信里所说的那样，邀请对方周末再碰头（I would like to ask you out this weekend）注意英文句子you must have been disappointed 中情态动词的用法：情态动词+完成时态，表示过去行为。这句话应该理解为“你当时一定感到很失望”。 例 2 Directions：You have received a invitation from your friend，but you have already had some guests in your house. Ple
16、ase express the reason you cant go clearly in about 100 words. 6.April Dear Lucy， I do appologize for having to send this letter about Saturday night. When I accepted your invitation，I simply forgot that Saturday was a holiday and that my own guests were not leaving until Sunday morning. It is difficult for me to make a choice. Though I also wonder to meet you very much. I could not very well go out by myself and leave the guests at my home. I hope you know
