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1、惠来县城区及周边饮用水水质监测评价研 究 报 告梅州城区及周边饮用水水质监测评价课题组2009 年 11 月 19 日1二、惠来城区自来水及周边饮用水源水质初步监测结果水是生命的摇篮，饮用水水质状况是关系人类健康、生存与发展在诸因素最为重要的要素！惠来城区自来水及周边饮用水水源水质状况已引起社会广泛关注。这也是当今人们对生态环境保护的关切与期望的真实表现。课题组自梅州城区自来水及周边饮用水水源水质监测与评价立项以来（2003.102004.11） ，对嘉应学院自产自来水、象山水、梅州城区（嘉应学院南生活区）自来水及清凉山水库等周边饮用水进行采样监测，监测结果列于表 1表 4。表 1 嘉应学院自
2、来水抽样监测结果 单位：mg/L项 目123456平均值PH（无量纲）6.797.357.247.427.157.577.25色（铂钴比色法）度555510107 浊度（分光光度法）度220.52.770.952.752 总硬度（以碳酸钙计）169.3181.2195.8154.3173.5185.4176.6铁测不到0.006(V) 0.026(V)0.016锰0.003(M)0.011测不到0.020.017铜0.0190.4310.0800.18锌2.940.341.64挥发酚类（以苯酚计） 0.0007(V)0.0008(V)0.00075阴离子合成洗涤剂0.006(V)0.0630.
3、0680.060.070.0660.0555硫酸盐（以计）2 4SO39.737.6126.6133.349.249.539.32氯化物（以计）Cl17.412.816.116.817.620.216.8 溶解性总固体100100120401150160171.8氟化物（以计）F0.0950.140.170.120.200.190.15氰化物（以计）CN0.0280.0180.018测不到001500120018 砷0.00100.0010硒0.00030.0003汞0.00000.00020.00074 0.00007(V)0.0003铬（六价）测不到 0.0023(V)0.0050.002
4、(V)0.0060.0050.004镉0.00460.0040.0043铅测不到0.0020.0050.0035银0.0480.0100.029销酸盐（以氮计）2.852.85氨态氮（以氮计）0.0250.01(V)测不到0.520.200.240.199高锰酸盐指数0.440.44总磷0.0110.0180.110.046余氯0.000.00细菌总数 5/mL10248127778751大肠菌群 5/L7070120929292892表 2 象山水（个体户经销）抽样监测结果 单位：mg/L项 目123456平均值PH（无量纲）5.45.865.845.035.425.105.44色（铂钴比色
5、法）度5555555浊度（分光光度法）度116.863.230.953.232.7总硬度（以碳酸钙计）测不到12测不到测不到测不到测不到12铁0.0690.001(V)0.035锰测不到0.0270.0660.046铜0.0160.2310.124锌测不到0.070.07挥发酚类（以苯酚计）0.0090.0050.007阴离子合成洗涤剂0.0700.0690.0620.0690.0630.0620.066硫酸盐（以计）2 4SO10.09.44.43.54.94.866.18氯化物（以计）Cl8.210.7410.387.577.628.458.83溶解性总固体5010436040.8氟化物（
6、以计）F0.044(V)0.0640.0830.04(V)0.058氰化物（以计）CN0.020.0180.018测不到0.0120.0180.017砷0.00010.0001硒0.00020.0002汞0.00010.00360.00070.000080.0011铬（六价）0.003(V)0.0060.002(V)0.0041测不到测不到0.0038镉0.00110.0010.0011银0.000.0060.006硝酸盐（以氮计）0.530.53氨态氮（以氮计）0.0620.050.450.130.173高锰酸盐指数0.060.06总磷0.0150.080.100.065铅0.000.043
7、0.0130.028余氯0.000.00细菌总数 个/mL11670304622大肠菌群 个/L181328182727223表 3 清凉山水库水质抽样监测结果与地表水、类水质对比库中心离水面 18m库中心离水面 5m库出水离水面 25m库出水离水面 5m测得数据平均值GB3838-2002项 目123123123123库中18m库中5m库出25m库出5m类类备注PH 值（无量纲）6.876.937.127.397.457.516.456.886.986.867.647.256.977.456.777.256969溶解氧6.136.076.158.598.318.457.087.017.048
8、.938.578.656.128.457.048.2765高锰酸盐指数3.744.534.141.121.040.984.726.145.231.971.852.534.121.045.362.1246化学需氧量4.145.375.141.691.871.346.028.475.273.602.823.854.881.636.593.411520五日生化需氧量2.022.572.630.820.950.653.514.322.571.271.081.972.410.813.471.4434总硬度（以 CaCO3计） 7.1210.511.32.51.36.519.620.324.58.911.
9、312.49.643.4321.4710.87氨氮（以氮计）0.150.090.230.0350.0570.0341.480.910.160.020.040.0520.160.0420.850.0370.51.0总磷（以 P 计）0.100.110.150.020.0350.0540.110.150.130.010.0150.0370.120.0360.130.0200.10.2硫酸盐（以计）2 4SO44.845.749.50.501.302.4018.921.528.36.99.811.546.671.4022.99.4250250氯化物（以）Cl4.25.73.82.33.52.73.7
10、3.64.52.72.83.44.572.833.62.97250250硝酸盐（以 N 计）1.01.51.30.891.00.741.001.751.350.850.960.751.270.881.370.851010铁0.2950.3750.020.011.371.5770.1010.1090.3350.0151.470.1050.30.3锰0.110.1450.0130.0920.510.110.0620.0450.1280.0530.310.0540.10.1铜0.2350.0550.1010.0220.2470.0060.0030.0010.1450.0620.1260.0021.0
11、1.0锌0.0340.0100.0020.0030.0410.0020.430.0010.0220.0020.0220.121.01.0硒0.0020.0010.0020.0010.0020.0010.0020.0010.010.01砷0.0080.0030.0060.0030.0080.0030.0060.0030.050.05汞0.6600.00080.1450.00040.1580.00060.1580.00030.3300.0730.0790.0790.000050.0001镉0.0056 0.00320.00420.00230.00240.00120.0019 0.00100.004
12、40.00330.00180.00140.0050.005铬（六价）0.0059 0.0130.00240.00120.0370.0160.0070.00170.00940.00180.0260.00430.050.05铅0.0350.0230.0100.0110.0500.0480.0400.0340.0290.0110.0490.0370.010.05银0.0040 0.0080.0040.0020.0050.0010.0090.0020.0060.0030.0050.0055氟化物（以计）F0.0620.0410.280.180.0990.1390.0630.0420.0520.230.
13、1190.0521.01.0氰化物（以计）CN0.020.0420.0220.0350.020.0350.0100.0140.0310.0290.0280.0120.050.2挥发酚（以 Ar-OH 计） 0.0002 0.00060.0090.00020.00020.00040.0002 0.00030.00040.00460.00030.00020.0020.0051、作为集中式生活饮用水地表水源地还有56 项有机物需测定，由于我们没有仪器及标准样无法测定。2、由于清凉山水库用石灰清毒及沉淀重金属，因此加测总硬度以了解水质硬度。3、有些指标比生活饮用水的要求还高，如汞、镉是考虑对水生物的影
14、响及水生生物的富集作用。4阴离子表面活性剂0.0650.0430.0740.0340.0640.0470.0850.0630.0540.0540.0560.0740.200.20硫化物5表 4 梅州城区（嘉应学院南生活区）自来水抽样监测结果 单位：mg/L项 目123456平均值PH（无量纲）7.107.027.047.217.317.157.13色（铂钴比色法）度30105105510.8浊度（分光光度法）度333.53.684.146.864.03总硬度（以碳酸钙计）10.78.94.58.27.58.58.05铁0.000.1060.106锰0.1250.0360.0540.010.05
15、6铜0.020.0980.0530.059锌0.8620.4140.5460.638挥发酚类（以苯酚计） 0.0003(V)0.0005(V)0.0009(V) 0.001(V)0.0007(V)阴离子合成洗涤剂0.0610.0640.0670.0600.0620.0620.063硫酸盐（以计）2 4SO12.111.0410.049.8210.45.59.82氯化物（以计）Cl9.28.6916.116.35.867.3910.59溶解性总固体176104201401052080.0氟化物（以计）F0.0550.0850.1200.0650.0650.078氰化物（以计）CN0.0220.0
16、230.0210.024测不到测不到0.023砷0.00080.0008硒0.00020.0002汞0.0010.00060.00060.00080.00070.00074铬（六价）0.0023(V)0.0060.003(V)0.00720.0031 0.0033(V) 0.0042镉0.00390.0060.005银0.0440.0080.026硝酸盐（以氮计）0.890.850.87氨态氮（以氮计）0.0260.020.100.049高锰酸盐指数0.520.52总磷0.0150.0330.024铅0.0045(V) 0.006(V) 0.008(V)0.0062余氯0.000.000.000.030.03细菌总数 个/mL815101510511大肠菌群 个/L38473346表 5 生活饮用水抽样监测均值与国标比较
