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1、听力选择题反应策略一目十行找信号有的放矢抓要点果断决择挤时间题项预读策略有选择注意策略 关联策略 找信号：相同部分（人名、地名、机构组织等专有名词，时间、日期、数字等） 抓要点：概括题（主题句）或细节题（信号内容） 挤时间：不犹豫不决（常识、逻辑、背景；刻意限定、对立选项、偏词怪词）听前快速标出要点并预答题；听中关注要点并果断作答；听后仍无法作答时迅速猜测答题。1.题项预读策略：听前快速阅题，标出大意或细节的提示信号并预答题。 2.有选择注意策略：听中关注大意和细节的提示信号，抓大意辨细节，果断作答。 3.关联策略：听前运用已知知识及题间的逻辑关系等，直接选择答案或者排除部分选项。 题项过后仍
2、无法作答时迅速猜测作答，并马上阅读后继题项。听前听中听后题项预读策略有选择注意策略关联策略题号已标出信号 (大意或细节信号)已注意到要点 (大意或细节信号)仅凭猜测答题 （常识、逻辑、背景）1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20.21.22.23.24.25.26.27.28.29.30.选项可猜测性评判变量选项可猜测性评判变量 I. 自身特征变量自身特征变量 1. Cmn-常识/已知知识(Common/Prior Knowledge)：可根据常识、以往经验或已知知识确定 答案项或排除干扰项。 2. Det-限定信息(Specifi
3、c Determiner)：选项中有 only，never，always，all，every，no longer 等具有绝对意义的限定词或其他刻意限定的句子成分（通常比其他选项长） 。 *若具有绝对意义限定词的选项同时又属常识性选项，则归类为 Det。 II相互关系变量相互关系变量 3. Syn-同义关系(Synonym): 排除同义项。 4. Opp-对立关系(Opposition)：选择对立项之一或两项都排除。 5. Inc-包含关系(Inclusion)：选择包含项，排除被包含项。 6. Smn-意义突显(Meaning)：排除语境意义相近似的选项，选择突显项，其中包括： Scp-意义或
4、范畴(Scope)：多个同义/类一个不同（如多个消极负面一个积极正面） 。 Dtl/Gst-细节与概括(Detail or Gist)：多个细节一个要义，或相反。 Cnc/Abs-具体与抽象(Concrete-Abstract)：多个具体一个抽象，或相反。 Pgm-语用范畴(Pragmatics)：得体性（直接与委婉、正式与非正式、隐私与非隐私等） 。7. Frm-形式突显(Form)：排除语言形式相近似的选项，选择突显项，其中包括： Lng-选项长短(Length)：多个长一个短，或相反。 Voc-词汇难度(Vocabulary)：多个易一个难度，或相反。 Neg-否定形式(Negation
5、)：多个肯定一个否定，或相反。 Grm-语法形式(Grammar)：在搭配、单复数、时态、语态、句式等方面有多个相似项。III. 与题干与题干 8. Stm-题干信息(Stem-Option Relationship)：根据题干的词汇特征或语境意义，选择与题干 特征相似、语义近似、或紧密关联的选项，排除不符题意或答非所问的选项。 IV. 与前后题与前后题 9. Clu-题间暗示(Item Clue/Giveaway)：根据前后题的题干或选项直接透露的信息，或共同 构建的语境，确定答案项或排除干扰项。 V. 其他其他 10. Elm-排除法(Elimination)：排除干扰项后再确定答案项。附
6、录附录 B 选项可猜测性评判专家培训材料选项可猜测性评判专家培训材料(绝对意义) 1.From the writers experience, we can conclude that _. A. not everyone enjoys jogging B. he is the only person who hates jogging C. nothing other than jogging can help people keep fit D. jogging makes people feel greater than any other sport （常识知识） 2.The prim
7、ary purpose of the US anti-smoking legislation is _. A. to tighten control on tobacco advertising B. to impose penalties on tobacco companies C. to start a national anti-smoking campaign D. to ensure the health of American children (绝对意义+常识知识) 3.Which of the following statements is NOT true? A. The
8、first cheerleader was a man named John Campbell. B. Cheerleaders contests are only held at the state level. C. Before 1930 there were no women cheerleaders. D. The first cheerleading occurred in 1898. （同义关系） 4.The author began to love books for the following reasons EXCEPT that _. A. he began to see
9、 something in his mind B. he could visualize what he read in his mind C. he could go back to read the books again D. he realized that books offered him new experience （对立关系） 5.Which of the following statement is CORRECT? A. Drastic changes in the weather have been common since ancient times. B. The
10、change in weather from very cold to very hot lasted over a century. C. The scientists have been studying ice to forecast weather in the future. D. The past 10,000 years have seen minor changes in the weather. （包含关系） 6.Changes in the size of the World Banks operations refer to _. A. the expansion of
11、its loan program B. inclusion of its hard loans C. the inclusion of its soft loans D. the previous lending policies （突显项细节与要义） 7.How should cheerleading be viewed according to the passage? A. It is just a lot of cheering. B. It mainly involves yelling. C. It mainly involves dancing. D. It is competi
12、tive in nature. （突显项事物类别） 8.The French company is working on anti-noise techniques to be used in all EXCEPT _.A. streetsB. factories C. aircraftD. cars （突显项语用范畴） 9.Which personal detail does the man give? A. Surname.B. First name. C. Address. D. Age. （突显项词汇难度） 10. Throughout the talk, the speaker ex
13、amines the issue of gambling in a _ way. A. balancedB. biased C. detachedD. lengthy （突显项选项长度） 11. Which of the following is one of the causes of the educational innovations? A. Efforts made by church leaders. B. The limitation of the range of studies C. Rallies held by graduates of Harvard Universit
14、y D. Demand for a more advanced mode of teaching among the graduates of the old colleges （选项题干关系） 12. A proper way to release a fish is to _. A. move it in water till it can swim B. take the hook out of its stomach C. keep it in a bucket for some time D. let it struggle a little in your hand （突显项+对立
15、） 13. Which of the following is NOT true about the authors family? A. He came from a middle-class family. B. He came from a single-parent family. C. His mother worked as a cleaner. D. His mother had received little education. （突显项+对立） 14. The mother was _ to make her two sons switch to reading books
16、. A. hesitantB. unprepared C. reluctantD. determined （突显项+对立） 15. How did the two boys feel about going to the library at first? A. They were afraid. B. They were reluctant. C. They were indifferent. D. They were eager to go. （前后题暗示） 16. Why did the woman go to New York? A. To spend some time with the baby. B. To look after her sister. C. To find a new job. 17. How old was the baby when the woman left for New York?
