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1、I基于 FPGA 的等精度频率计设计摘 要频率计是实验室和科研、生产中最常用的测量仪器之一。本文设计了一种基于FPGA 芯片设计的等精度频率计。对传统的精度测量方法进行了改进，采用 SOPC 设计技术和基于 NIOS II 嵌入式软核处理器的系统设计方案，通过在 FPGA 芯片上配置NIOS II 软核处理器进行数据运算处理，利用液晶显示器对测量的频率进行实时显示，可读性好。整个系统在一片 FPGA 芯片上实现，系统测量精度高，实时性好，具有灵活的现场可更改性。本频率测量仪是以 Altera 公司生产的 CycloneII 系列 EP2C35F672C6 器件为核心实现高精度计数功能。整个电路
2、采用模块化设计，调试制作方便。经过仿真并下载验证，能够实现等精度测频功能，频率测量范围为 1Hz200MHz。关键词：等精度，频率计，FPGA， SOPC， NiosIIIIDesign of Equal Precision Frequency MeterBased on FPGAABSTRACTFrequency meter is one of the most commonly used measuring instruments which can be used in laboratory, scientific research and production . An equal p
3、recision frequency meter designed based on FPGA is introduced in this article, which used Very-High-Speed Integrated Circuit Hardware Description Language to implement function module in frequency meter base on traditional frequency measurement. SOPC designing technique and system designing plan bas
4、ed on Nios II soft core CPU are used in the design. It also adopts Nios II soft core CPU as data processing unit, uses LCD 1602 equipment to display frequency in real-time. The whole system is in the implementation of a FPGA chip. So it has a high-precision measurement, real-time and flexible change
5、 of scene. The frequency meter is based on CycloneII EP2C35F672C6 Altera device as the core to achieve high-precision counting. Because of the modular design of this circuit, it is facilitate to debug. After the simulation, and downloads the confirmation, can realize equal-precision frequency measur
6、ement function. The range of frequency measurement is from 1Hz to 200MHz.KEY WORDS：equal precision measurement, frequency meter, FPGA, SOPC, NiosIIIII目 录摘 要.IABSTRACT.II1 绪论.11.1 课题提出的背景.11.2 课题选择意义.12 EDA/SOPC 技术简介.32.1 EDA 的具体开发流程.32.1.1 设计输入.32.1.2 综合.32.1.3 适配.42.1.4 仿真.42.1.5 编程下载和硬件测试.42.2 NIOS II IDE 简介.42.2.1 工程管理器.52.2.2 编辑器和编译器.62.2.3 调试器.62.2.4 闪存编程器.73 系统方案选择.83.1 频率测量方案选择.83.1.1 直接测频法.83.1.2 间接测频法.83.1.3 等精度测频.93.2 基于单片机的测频方案.103.3 基于 FPGA 的测频方案.114 等精度频率计的单元模块设计.134.1 放大整形模块设计.134.2 标准信号产生模块设计.144.3 FPGA 芯片模块设计.
