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1、1摘要现代航运对船舶自动化程度和信息集成程度要求越来越高，因此船舶自动化主要发展方向已成为将驾驶台、机舱等相对独立的几个部分联成一体，做到全船信息的高度集成和共享。船舶电站自动监控系统是机舱自动化系统的重要组成部分，电站监控系统运行的可靠性、经济性对保证船舶电站的供电质量，进而实现船舶“机驾一体化”的发展要求具有重要意义。船舶电站自动监控功能可分为自动控制功能和自动监视功能。其中自动控制功能的实现可归结为两点关键技术的实现：即发电机组的转速控制和发电机组的励磁控制；而自动监视系统主要完成电站运行过程中的参数的显示、记录与报警等功能，为电站监控系统提供一个良好的人机接口。本文以发电机组的转速控制
2、和发电机组的励磁控制两项关键控制功能为核心， 充分结合电站监控系统的发展趋势，完成船舶电站控制系统的设计。电站自动控制的核心之一为柴油机的转速控制。本文针对由三台发电机组组成的船舶电站，进行柴油机的转速自动控制系统的研究与设计。系统采用西门子公司的 S7-300 可编程序控制器（PLC）为主要控制元件，同时采用 DIEF 公司的发电机并联控制单元（GPC）与之配合， PLC 与 GPC 通过 PROFIBUS-DP 现场总线进行通信，使二者相互配合完成发电机组的起停控制、并车控制、频率调节及有功功率自动分配控制的转速自动控制任务。关键词：船舶电站，监控系统，PLC2AbstractWith t
3、he development of modem navigation, the demand of ships automation and degree of information integration is increasing. Therefore, the developmental direction of the ship automation is to integrate the relatively independent parts such as the deck department and the marine engine department together
4、, so the information of the ship can be highly integrated and shared. Automatic Monitoring System of marine electrical power plant is an important component of Marine Engineering Automation. The reliability and economy of AMS can improve the quality of power supply, and in turn to realize the “Integ
5、ration of Ship Driving and Machine Controlling.” The functions of Ship Automatic Monitoring System can be divided into automatic control and automatic surveillance. The realization of automatic control function can be attributed to the realization of two key technologies-the speed control of generat
6、ion sets and the excitation control of generator. The Automatic Surveillance System is mainly to realize the displaying and recording of the operation parameters, and alarming when it is abnormal, etc. and provide a good man-machine interface for the system.In this paper, as the control cores, the g
7、eneration sets speed control system and generator excitation control system are designed and fully integrated the development trends of the power plant control system.One of the cores of the power plant automatic control is speed control of diesel engines. In this paper, the automatic speed control
8、system for diesel engine is researched and designed for electric power plant that composed by the three generation sets. Siemens S7-300 Programmable Logical Controller (PLC) is adopted as the main control set, with the corporation of Generator Parallel Controller (GPC) made by DIEF company. PLC and
9、GPC are communicated through PROFIBUS-DP fieldbus so that they can work concordantly to accomplish the task of speed control when Automatic Start-up and shutdown, Automatic parallel operation, Automatic frequency adjustment and active power distribution. Key Words：Marine electrical power plant, Moni
10、toring System, PLC 3目 录1 绪论 .11.1 选题背景及意义 .11.2 船舶电站监控系统体系结构的发展 .11.3 PLC 在船舶自动化电站中的应用 .41.4 本课题的研究内容与意义 .42 船舶自动化电站 .52.1 船舶电力系统组成与控制 .52.1.1 船舶电力系统的组成 .52.1.2 船舶自动化电站的自动控制功能 .52.1.3 船舶电站的自动监测报警 .62.1.4 船舶电站的特点 .72.2 船舶电站的保护功能 .72.2.1 船舶同步发电机外部短路保护 .82.2.2 船舶同步发电机过载保护 .112.2.3 船舶同步发电机欠压保护 .122.2.4 船舶发电机逆功率保护 .133 船舶电站自动监控系统的 PLC 实现 .153.1 基于 PLC 的船舶电站监控系统的总体构成 .153.1.1 西门子 S7-300 PLC 应用技术 .153.1.2 船舶电站监控系统的 Profibus-DP 总线结构 .
