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1、Unit 2 Ill help clean up the city parks.Section A知能新视窗本节主要学习提供帮助的表达的语句；学习运用 clean up, cheer up , give out, put, off ,set up 等动词短语。名师开小灶1-Id like to work outside .我想到外面去做点事。-You could do sth. 你可以帮助打扫城市公园。(1)help 后所跟动词不定式可带 to 也可不带。如：I help (to)cook after school. 放学后我帮忙做饭。(2)clean up 动词短语， “打扫干净，清除” 。
2、如：The waiter hurried to clean up the pieces of the broken plates.服务员赶快把盘碟的碎片打扫干净。拓展有关 clean 的短语：clean down 把刷洗（或擦洗）干净；彻底打扫clean out 把打扫干净；把清空；把清除出来clean up on 胜过 Cleanup Day 清洁日2.Id like to cheer up sick kids.我想让生病的孩子高兴起来。(1)本句早一个简单句。Id like=I would like=I want,后常加名词或不定式作宾语。(2)sick kids 意为“生病的孩子” 。s
3、ick 作为形容词，即可作定语，也可作表语。当 sick作定语时，可意为“生病的，有病的” ；当 sick 作表语时，还可意为“恶心，想吐；厌烦，讨厌” 。如：Jane is taking care of her sick mother.(sick 作定语，意为“生病的”)简正在照看她生病的母亲。The boy always feels sick when he travels by car.(sick 作表语，意为“恶心，想吐”)那个男孩坐汽车旅行时总是想吐。John is sick of his job.(sick 作表语，意为“厌烦”)约翰对他的工作感到厌烦。3You could giv
4、e out food at a food bank.你可以在食物救济站分发食物。(1)本句是“情态动词+动词原形”合成作谓语的简单句。give out 在此意为“分发” ，它还可意为“发表，宣布；精疲力尽” 。如：The date of the election will be given out soon.选举的日期很快就会宣布。The horse gave out.马跑不动了。(2)本句中 could 是情态动词，意思是“可以” 。如：We could put up signs.我们可以张贴标牌。4.We cant put off making a plan.Clean-Up Day is
5、 only two weeks from now.我们不能推迟做计划。清洁日从现在起只有两周了。(1)本句 put off 是短语动词，是“动词+副词，相当于及物动词，后常加动名词。如：Dont put off until tomorrow what can be done today.今天可以做的事情不要拖到明天去做。He decided to put off going to Beijing.他决定延期去北京。(2)put off 也可意为“敷衍” 。如:He tried to put me off with vague promises.他企图以含糊的允诺来敷衍我。5.He looks
6、sad.Lets cheer him up.他看起来难过。咱们让他高兴起来吧。(1)本句 look sad 意为“看起来难过” ，look 在此是系动词，其后接形容词，作表语，类似的词还有 smell“闻起来” ；sound“听起来” ；taste“尝起来” ；feel“摸上去” 。如：The cake tastes good.蛋糕尝起来很好。The voice sounds sweet.这声音听起来很美。(2)本句中 cheer up 是个短语动词。在英语中一些动词与介词或副词等连用在一起构成固定词组，叫做短语动词。关于短语动词的用法请见后面的语法讲解部分。6.Were going to s
7、et up a food bank to help hungry people.我们准备建立一个食物救济站来帮助饥饿的人们。(1)本句用的是一般将来时态“主语+be going to+动词原形+宾语” 。不定式 to help hungry people 在句中作目的的状语。set up 在此是个短语动词，由“动词+副词”构成，意为“创立，建立” 。如：They needed money to set up a special school for blind children.他们需要资金为肓童开办一所特别学校。(2)set up 也可意为“竖立，架起，建筑” 。如：Two new brid
8、ges have been set up between Pudong and Puxi.在浦东和浦西之间架起了两座新桥。7.We need to come up with some ideas.我们需要提出一些建议。(1)come up with 是个短语动词，由 “动词+副词+介词”构成，相当于及物动词，意为“提出，提供” 。如：I hope you can come up with a better plan than this.我希望你们能提出比这个更好的计划。(2)come up with 也可意为“赶上” 。如：We have to work hard to come up wit
9、h them.我们必须努力工作，赶上他们。(3)need 在本句中作为实义动词，后常跟名词或不定式，特别在肯定句中，注意时态、人称和数的变化。如:We need some teachers.我们需要一些老师。We need to wear warm clothes.我们需要穿上暖和的衣服。8.Being a volunteer is great!当一个志愿者是伟大的！(1)本句是个简单句。being a volunteer 是动名词短语在句中作主语。如：Getting up early is a good habit.早起是个好习惯。(2)volunteer 在此作为可数名词，意为“志愿者”
10、；volunteer 也可作为不及物动词，意为“自愿” ，常与 to do sth 或 for 连用，也可作为及物动词使用。如：They are the Chinese peoples volunteers.(名词)他们是中国人民志愿军。I volunteer to help you.我自愿帮助你。(动词)本文出现的句子还有：These three students all volunteer their time to help other people.(动词)这三个学生都是自愿帮助别人的。This volunteer work takes each of them several hou
11、rs a week.(形容词)这种志愿工作花费了他们每个人一周几个小时的时间。The three students plan to set up a student volunteer project at their school.(名词)这三个学生计划在他们学校启动一个学生志愿工程。9.she puts this love to good use by working in the after-school care center at her local elementaryschool.她把这种爱好很好地用在了当地小学的课后辅导中心工作中。(1)本句是个比较长的简单句。put.to 意
12、为“放在” 。Use 在此作为名词。介词词组 by working 在此作方式状语。In the after-school care center 与 at her local elementary school 两个介词短语在句中作地点状语。(2)在词组 care center 中，care 作为名词，充当 center 的定语，即名词作定语。除man,woman,sport 外，其他名词作定语时，无论它们所修饰的名词是单数还是复数，作定语的名词只能用单数形式。而 man,woman 的单复数常与后面的各词保持一致。sports 作定语总以复数形式出现如：an apple tree 一棵苹果
13、树banana trees 香蕉树two men doctors 两名男医生a woman teacher 一位女教师sports shoes 运动鞋10.Pei loves animals,and plans to study to be a veterinarian when he leaves school.培喜欢动物，并打算毕业后学习当一名兽医。(1)本句是复合句。从句 when he leaves school 是由 when 引导的时间状语从句。leave school 意为“毕业” 。plan to do sth 意为“计划做某事” 。如：We are planning to s
14、tart next week.我们打算下周出发。(2)plan to 意为“打算” 。如：I plan to go to Beijing next week.我打算下周去北京。11.He spends every Saturday morning working in an animal hospital.他每个星期六早晨到一家动物医院工作。本句是简单句。spend 作为及物动词，意为“花费”,它的主语必须是人，常用句型：Sb spend+时间或金钱 on sth/(in)doing sth“某人花费时间或金钱在上/做某事” 。如：He doesnt spend much time on hi
15、s homework.他在做作业上没有花多少时间。12.Not only do I feel good about helping other people, but I get to spend time doing what I love to do.帮助别人我不仅感觉好，而且我还能花时间去做我喜欢的事。（1）本句是由 not onlybut(also)连接的两个分句。其中 not 为否定词，位于句首时句子要部分倒装。并且只有连接两个分句时，才能倒装第一个分句。如：Not only did Mike pass the exam, but also he got good marks.迈克不
16、仅通过了考试，而且他还得了高分。(2)what I love to do 作第二个分句 doing 的宾语从句，用陈述语序。实战演练场夯实基础一、选用方框内所给的短语完成下列句子。clean up, set up , put off, think up , come out1.Do you have to do it right away?Yes, we cant _it _.2.I hate doing this kind of work.Well,_! Well finish it soon.3. Whats the last thing we have to do ?We have to _ after the party.4.What do we have to do for the party?We have to _ some new ideas for games.5What are you going
