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1、English LiteratureGeoffrey Chaucer: the Father of English Poetrythe Founder of English Realismthe Master of modern English languageThe pioneer of the English RenaissanceBeowulf: National epic of the Anglo-SaxonsThe story of Beowulf is a folk legend which reflects the feature of the tribal world. Joh
2、n Milton: Blank verse 双韵体、革命诗人John Donne: peculiar conceits 奇喻 metaphysical school 形而上学派John Bunyan: The pilgrims progress 天路历程Daniel Defoe: Father of English novels 英国现代小说之父Jonathan Swift: Father of English stylisticsHenry Fielding: The founder of English realistic novel 小说艺术之父Alexander Pope: 英语诗歌艺
3、术之父Robert Burns: The poet of peasants 农民作家Lyrical Ballads: The beginning of romantic revivalWalter Scott: The father of historical novel 历史小说之父Old English Literature(mid 5th-mid 11th)Background: Roman conquest A.D 78 Anglo-Saxon settled in English Old EnglishFrom tribal to feudalismMedieval English
4、Literature (1066-14th 末）Background: Norman conquest in 1066French and Latin prevailDivision into class conflictsGeoffrey Chaucer: The Canterbury Tales-the rising the bourgeoisie of Britain-praise mans energy, intellect, wit and love of life-satirize the evil of and degeneration of the noble and corr
5、uption of the church -French rhymed stanza: heroic couplet两行一韵:a-a-b-b-c-c-d-d-e-e-f-f-g-g-create the famous terza rima 三行诗 run on line 跳行-show a true life picture, the first smooth English-the foreshadow of the coming the English Renaissance Troilus and Criseyde 1383 William Langland: Piers the Plo
6、wmanThe English Renaissance(14th-17th)Background: politically-Henry VIII-Tudor dynasty-break with Rome-new religious dogma protestantism-Queen Mary-反新教，互相妥协Economically-the closure movement -Commercial expansion-exploration and travel-colonyCulturally-RenaissanceMilitary-with SpainWilliam Caxton: th
7、e first English printer Thomas More: UtopiaWilliam Shakespeare:-Comedy: A mid summer Nights DreamThe Merchant of VeniceAs you like itTwelfth Night-Tragedy: Hamlet、 Othello、 King Lear、 MacbethRomeo and JulietMain features: realistic writingImitation and adaptationLanguage masterDiversified writing sk
8、ills and methods:song, sonnet, couplet, blank verseSonnets 十四行诗 a-b-a-b-c-d-c-d-e-f-e-f-g-g- five feetOne foot 一个重音和一个或一个以上的非重音Iambic Pentameter 抑扬格Edmund Spenser: The Shepherd CalendarThe Faerie QueeneAchievement: the Spenserian stanza9-line stanza-a b a b b c b c cIambic pentameter 五步格 , iambic he
9、xameter 六步格Christopher Marlowe: Tamburlaine、 The Jews of Malta、 Doctor FaustusBen Jonson(the successor of Shakespeare)-comedy: Every man in His HumourVolponeBartholomew FairFoxThe Alchemist-tragedy: SejanusCatilineFrancis Bacon: Advancement of LearningNew instrumentThe essays “knowledge is power”Tra
10、nslational periodJohn Milton: Paradise LostParadise RegainedSamson AgonistesJohn Donne: Songs and SonnetsJohn Bunyan: The Pilgrims progress18th English Literature (end of 17th-18th )Background: The Glorious Revolution in 1688 ended in a compromise between thearistocracy and bourgeois.English became
11、constitutional monarchy and power passed from theKing to the Parliament and the cabinet minister.The Industrial RevolutionThe Enlightenment marked the beginning of an intellectual movementin Europe. An expression struggle of the bourgeoisie against feudalism.Daniel Defoe: Robinson CrusoeJonathan Swi
12、ft: Gullivers TravelsHenry Fielding: Joseph AndrewsJonathan WildTome JonesSamuel Richardson: Pamela Alexander Pope: An Essay on ManSentimentalism and Pre-romanticismSentimental novel: The vicar of WakefieldSentimental poetry: Elegy written in a country churchyard Features: 1. emphasize too much emot
13、ion rather than reason2. optimistic attitude toward the goodness of humanityPre-romanticism representativesWilliam Blake: Songs of InnocenceSongs of ExperienceRobert burns: My love is like a Red Red roseStyle: emphasis on natural sentiment and individual originality, showing revolutionary passion ag
14、ainst classical tradition, followed by Shelley.19th En Historical Background:Background: Industrial Revolution French revolution, Independence of The United StatesScholars and writers are dissatisfactory with the development of bourgeois, against the reason of enlightenment. Philosophers in European
15、d America are active emotion ,imagination, independence, individuality and intuition of humankind prevail.Romantic MovementWilliam Wordsworth: Written in MarchWordsworth、Samuel T(aylor) Coleridge-Lyrical Ballads Percy Shelley: Ode to the West WindQueen MabThe revolt of IslamGeorge Byron: Don Juan“Sh
16、e walks in Beauty”John Keats: When I have fearsOde to a nightmareOde to a Grecian Urn“Beauty is truth, truth beauty”Jane Austin: Sense and sensibilityPride and prejudiceMansfield ParkEmmaNorthanger AbbeyPersuasionWalter Scott: WaverleyIvanhoeRob RoyFeatures: vivifying the past, closely pay attention to the fates of individua
