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1、动词过去式与过去分词规则一,规则动词(Regular Verbs) 的过去式由“动词原形+-ed”构成,具体变化有: 1. 一般的直接在词尾加-ed。如: wantwanted, workworked, needneeded, cleancleaned 2. 以不发音的 e 结尾的在词尾加-d。如:likeliked, livelived, useused, movemoved smile-smiled; hope-hoped. 注意:ie 结尾动词, 直接加 d: died;tied. 3. 以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节 动词,先双写结尾的辅音字母,再加-ed。如:stops
2、topped, triptripped planned; 4. 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的动词,先把 y 变成 i,再加-ed。如:studystudied, carrycarried, hurryhurried, marrymarried worried; studied. 注意:规则动词过去式加“ed”后的发音规则: 在浊辅音和元音后面 d called k:ld borrowed brd movedmu:vd 在清辅音后面 t helpedhelpt passedpa:st 在t d音后面 id startedsta:tid countedkauntid neededni:did coun
3、tedkauntid补充说明: 二、不规则动词(Irregular Verbs)的过去式大体上归纳有以下记忆法:1. 以 t 结尾的词,过去式与原形相同。如:putput, letlet, cutcut, beatbeat readread must-must 2. 以 d 结尾的词,把 d 变成 t。如:buildbuilt, lendlent, sendsent, spendspent 3. 以 n 结尾的词,在词后加 t。如:meanmeant, burnburnt, learnlearnt 4. 以 ow / aw 结尾的词,把 ow / aw 变成 ew。如:blowblew, dr
4、awdrew, knowknew, growgrew throwthrew(动词show 除外,showshowed) 5. 含有双写字母的词,将双写改为单写,在词尾加 t。如:keepkept, sleepslept, feelfelt, smellsmelt sweepswept 6. 含有元音字母 o / i 的词,将 o / i 变成 a。如:comecame becomebecame singsang, givegave, sitsat, drinkdrank 7以 ought 和 aught 结尾,且读音是 :t的过去式。如: bringbrought,buy bought,thi
5、nkthought,catchcaught,teachtaught 8把重读开音节中的 i 改为 o,变成过去式。如: drivedrove,riderode,write wrote 9动词原形中的 e 改为 o,如: getgot,forgetforgot 10动词原形中的 ee 改为 e,如: feedfed,meetmet 11动词原形中的 eak 改为 oke,如: breakbroke,speakspoke12动词原形中的 ell 改为 old,如: sellsold,telltold 13. 动词原形中的 an 改为 oo,如: standstood,understandunder
6、stood 14以 ould 结尾且读音为ud的情态动词过去式。如: cancould,shallshould,willwould 15在动词原形后加 d 或 t 变成过去式,并且发生音变。如: hearhi heardh :d , sayseisaidsed ,meanmi:nmeant ment 16不符合上述规律的动词过去式。如: am,iswas,arewere,buildbuilt ,dodid,eatate,fallfell,findfound,flyflew,gowent,have has had,holdheld,leave left,makemade,maymight,run
7、 ran,see saw,taketook不规则动词过去式与过去分词分类记忆表 1、AAA. (原形,过去式和过去分词一致)1. 花费 cost cost cost 2. 割 cut cut cut 3. 伤害 hurt hurt hurt 4. 让 let let let 5. 放 put put put 6. 朗读 read read read 7. 设置、安置 set set set 8.打击,碰撞 hit hit hit 9.关上门窗 shut shut shut 10.让 let let let 二、ABB(过去式和过去分词一致) 1) 过去式、过去分词含有-ought 1. 带来
8、bring brought brought 2. 买 buy bought bought 3. 打架 fight fought fought 4. 想 think thought thought 5. 寻找、探究 seek sought sought 2) 过去式、过去分词含有-aught 5. 抓住catch caught caught 6. 教 teach taught taught 3) 过去式、过去分词-t 替换原形-d 7. 建筑 build built built 8. 借出 lend lent lent 9. 花费 spend spent spent 10.派遣 send sen
9、t sent 4) 过去式、过去分词在原形词尾加 t 或 d 11. 学会 learn learnt/ed learnt/ed 12. 意思 mean meant meant 13. 燃烧 burn burnt/ed burnted 14. 做梦 dream dreamt/ed dreamt/ed 15. 处理 deal dealt dealt 16. 听 hear heard heard 5) 过去式、过去分词改为-ept 17. 保持 keep kept kept 18. 睡觉 sleep slept slept 19. 扫 sweep swept swept 6) 过去式、过去分词改为-
10、elt 20. 感觉 feel felt fel 21. 嗅 smell smelt/ed smelt/ed22. 拼写 spell spelt/ed spelt/ed 7) 过去式、过去分词改为-aid 23. 孵蛋 lay laid laid 24. 说 say said said 25. 支付 pay paid paid 8) 过去式、过去分词改为-old 26. 卖 sell sold sold 27. 告诉 tell told told9) 过去式、过去分词改为-ood 28 站 stand stood stood 29.明白 understand understood unders
11、tood 10) 其它变化 30.得到 get got got(gotten) 31.坐 sit sat sat 32.照顾 babysit babysat babysat 33.离开 leave left left 34.失去 lose lost lost 35.找到 find found found 36.有 have(has) had had 37.握住,召开hold held held 38.制造 make made made 39.悬挂 hang hung hung 40.照耀 shine shone shone 41.赢 win won won 42.逃跑 flee fled fl
12、ed 43.喂 feed fed fed 44.引导,导致 lead led led 45.遇见 meet met met 三、ABA (过去式与原形一致) 1.变成become became become 2. 来 come came come 3. 跑 run ran run 四、ABC (原形、过去式、过去分词各不一样)1). 过去分词在过去式或原形后加-n 或-en 1. 击败 beat beat beaten 2. 破坏break broke broken 3. 驾驶 drive drove driven 4. 吃 eat ate eaten 5. 落下 fall fell fall
13、en 6. 给 give gave given 7. 生长 grow grew grown 8. 知道 know knew known 9. 吹 blow blew blown Grammar 一、现在完成时的构成 现在完成时的构成:助动词 have (has)+动词的过去分词 过去分词的构成方法如下 : A:1.一般情况下,直接在动词原形后面加 ed.Eg.worked answered obeyed wanted 2.以不发音的 -e 结尾的动词只加 d. moved hoped divided 3.字尾是辅音+y 的动词。则将 y 改 i 加 ed. studied tidied satisfied 4.以重读闭音节结尾的词,这些词的末尾只有一个辅音字母时,双写这个辅音字母