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1、（）大学毕业设计论文设计（论文）题目：经济型山楂去核机设计 系 别： 机械工程系 专 业：机械设计制造及其自动化 班 级： 09 机制 姓 名： 学 号： 指导老师： 完成时间： 2012-11 （）大学机械工程学院- 2 -摘要山楂为药、食两用品种，近年来在医药、保健、食品等方面用量大增。在以山楂为原料加工饮料、罐头、果脯和果干制品时去核作业是一项十分重要的前处理工序。我国现在山楂的去核都是采用手工操作。一般每人每天(以 8 h 计)加工山楂 5060kg，劳动强度大。近年来，随着经济的发展和人们生活水平的提高，和对食品质量要求变高，以往的手工操作远不能满足现代水果加工的需求，研制一种新的去
2、核机构是山楂加工业的前景所趋。山楂去核机的一般工作过程为：山楂的喂入、定位、夹持、切削与去核、成品与下脚料的分别收集。由于山楂的外形并非旱规则形状 因此在机械加工时，采用山楂的外形进行定位、夹持，不能保证山楂核的中心线刀具的中心线重合，定位、夹持会出现偏差，增加了山楂的破碎率和去核的不净率。通过对部分山楂品种的物理结构研究：山楂核的中心线与山楂的花蕊凹点(下凹点)与花蒂凹点(上凹点)的连线接近重合。 此提出以上F 凹点为山楂的定位基准，进行山楂去核机的整体设计。即采用中心定位方式，保证山楂喂入时的定位精度。针对当前山楂去核机存在的问题，综合各类水果去核机优点，设计出了经济型的山楂去核机，主要包
3、括：旋转间歇机构、自动下料机构、冲针往复运动机构，废料回收机构，各机构动作协调，去核率高，对实现我国去核自动化有深远的意义。关键词：去核机、冲针、间歇机构（）大学机械工程学院- 3 -ABSTRACTIn recent years ,Hawthorn, in medicine, health care,as food consumption soar for medicine, food and varieties. In hawthorn as raw material processing beverages, canned and preserved fruit and dried fr
4、uit products to nuclear work is a very important pretreatment process. Our country now the hawthorn to nuclear were made by manual operation. General per person a day (8 h meter) processing hawthorn 50 60 kg, labor intensity. In recent years, with the development of economy and the improvement of pe
5、oples living standard and food quality asks to be high, in the past, the manual operation far cannot satisfy the demand of modern fruit processing, research and develop a new to nuclear agency is the prospect of hawthorn processing industry tend.Hawthorn pitter general working process is: hawthorn t
6、he feeding, positioning, clamping and cutting and go nuclear, finished product and scraps of collected respectively. Due to the appearance of hawthorn is not dry rules shape. So in mechanical processing, the shape of the hawthorn for positioning, clamping, cannot guarantee hawthorn nuclear center li
7、ne tool center line coincidence, positioning, clamping will appear deviation, increased the hawthorn broken rate and to nuclear not net rate. Based on the physical structure of hawthorn fruit varieties: hawthorn nuclear centerline and hawthorn centre signifies concave point (concave point) and HuaDi
8、 concave point (concave point) of the connection close coincidence. This put forward above F concave point for locating datum of hawthorn, hawthorn pitter overall design. They are the center positioning way, and guarantee the hawthorn feed，When the positioning accuracy.In view of the current hawthor
9、n pitter existence question, the comprehensive all kinds of stoning machine advantages, design out of the economy of hawthorn pitter, mainly including: rotary intermittent mechanism, automatic feeding mechanism, blunt needle reciprocating motion mechanism, waste recycling institutions, organizations
10、 action coordination, to nuclear rate is high, to realize our country to nuclear automation has profound meaning.Keywords: Pitter, blunt needle, intermittent mechanism（）大学机械工程学院- 4 -目录摘要 .- 2 -ABSTRACT .- 3 -第一章 概述 .- 5 -1.1 山楂去核机的分类及特点 .- 5 -1.2 国内山楂去核机的发展现状 .- 7 -1.3 国外山楂去核机的发展现状 .- 8 -1.4 课题的研究内容 .- 9 -第二章 经济型山楂去核机方案设计 .- 10 -2.1 山楂去核机的设计要求 .- 10 -2.2 山楂去核机方案对比 .- 10 -2.3 山楂去核机原理分析 .- 12 -2.4 山楂核残留、冲偏和冲烂的解决方案 .- 13 -2.5 本章小结 .- 14 -第三章 经济型山楂去核机选型计算 .- 15 -3.1 负载参数确定 .
