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1、初中英语语法难点及教学策略,贵阳十中 余 嬿,一、引 言,英语作为语言的一种，其学习也要遵循它的基本规律。,英语语法能力的掌握是掌握其它诸多 能力的基础。,有了一定的语法基础，对于学生能 准确的表达、正确的理解, 有着 至关重要的作用。,我在初中英语语法教学中的一些方法,演绎归纳穿插教学法比较教学法图表教学法表格教学法口诀教学法,1.演绎，归纳穿插教学法：,案例一：语法：一般将来时一、概念：即将发生的动作或存在的状态。二、构成：主语+will /be going to +V原+其它三、标志词：tomorrow next in +将来的段时间等,例如：,我们明天要去看电影。 We will go
2、 to see a movie tomorrow.2. 我和我的父母下个星期天要去看我的爷爷奶奶。 My parents and I will/are going to see my grandparents next Sunday.,案例二：I like music that I can dance to. 先行词 指物 关系代词 作宾语 可省I like musicians who write their own songs. 先行词 指人 关系代词 作主语 不可省She likes singers who sing the words clearly. 先行词 指人 关系代词 作主语 不
3、可省He doesnt like songs that are too loud. 先行词 指物 关系代词 作主语 不可省,2. 比较教学法：案例三：,1. tomorrow, at home. free this night, you. you, English well. a doctor, the sick boy.,+ + ， + +,If,If,If,it,I,主语,rains,am,V原/现三单,we,I,主语,will,can,Will/can,stay,help,V原,If,If,If,I,he,主语,+ + ， + +,were,were,V过去式,I,he,主语,would
4、,could,would/could,study,help,V原,3. 图表教学法,4. 表格教学法：,me,us,you,HerHimit,them,5. 口诀教学法：,1）名词由单数变为复数，以o结尾的词有：Negro, hero, tomato, potato.我们可以这样说：黑人，英雄吃土豆和西红柿。2）名词由单数变为复数，以f (fe)结尾的词有：leaf, half, wife, knife, self, wolf, thief.我们可以这样说：树叶，半数自己数，妻子拿刀去割粮，然后窜出一只狼，就像强盗逃命忙。3）基数词变序数词的口诀：一，二，三要全变，八去t, 九去e, ve要用
5、f替，y变成ie,th最后加上去，若是碰到几十几，只变个位就可以。,区别：sometimes, some times, sometime, some time,口诀： 有“s” 是“有时”， 无“s” 是“某时”， 有“s” 分开“好几次” ， 无“s” 分开“一段时”,二、英语句子结构和英语句子成分讲解及练习,1.She came 主 + 不及物动词 2.She likes English。 主 + 及物动词 + 宾语3.She is hungry. 主 + 系 + 表4.She gave Tom a gift 主 +及物动词+ 间接宾语+直接宾语,5.She bought a book f
6、or me. 主 + 动词 +直接宾语 +间接宾语6.She makes her mother angry 主 + 动词 + 宾语 +宾语补足语7.The teacher asked me to read the book. 主 + 动词 +宾语 +宾语补足语,英语简单句的五种基本句型,S+V+O 主+谓+宾S+V 主+谓（不及物动词）S+V+P 主+系+表S+V+O+O 主+谓+双宾语S+V+O+C 主+谓+宾语+宾语补足语,We saw you. 否：We didnt see you.We did our homework. You are beautiful 否：You arent be
7、autiful.You seem worried. You are a student. 都有三部分，主语也一样时态一致动词不同 （实义动词 ， 系动词），否定式不同: +助动词， 不用 表语可以是形容词，宾语不行 只有宾语有补足语,相同点：不同点:,句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。,1、Im Miss Yu. 2、Tom cleans his bedroom every day. 3、My name is Yu Yan . 4、He can speak English . He gave me a gift . He gave a gift to
8、 me.,(主语),（谓语）,（表语）,（宾语）,（间宾）（直宾）,（直宾)（间宾）,5、Wuhan is a big city . 6、He works hard . 7 They usually keep their classroom clean. He often helps me do my homework. The teacher wanted me to learn English all by myself. Where is your classmate Tom ?,（定语）,（状语）,（宾语补足语）,（宾语补足语）,（宾语补足语）,1. Subject（主语） The s
9、un rises in the east He likes swimming. Twenty years is a short time in history. Seeing is believing. To see is to believe. What he needs is a book. It is very hard that we study English well.,（名词）,（代词）,(数词),（动名词）,（不定式）,（主语从句）,（It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语）,(一）指出下列句中主语的中心词 The teacher with two of his students i
10、s walking into the classroom. There is an old man coming here. The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year. To do todays homework without the teachers help is very difficult.,Verb：(谓语)We study English. He is asleep.(二). 选出句中谓语的中心词 I dont like the picture on the wall. A. dont B. like C. pi
11、cture D. wall The days get longer and longer when summer comes. A. get B. longer C. days D. summer Do you usually go to school by bus? A. Do B. usually C. go D. bus There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon. A. be B. meeting C. the library D. afternoon,（B）,（A）,（C）,（A）,3. Predicative：（表语）
12、She is a nurse. Five and five is ten. He is asleep.Our teacher is in. A bag is on the desk. My key is lost.The question is whether they will come.,(名词),（数词）,（形容词）,（副词）,（介词短语）,（形容词化的分词）,常见连系动词状态系动词，用来表示主语的状态，只有be动词一词。持续系动词，用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况和态度。主要有keep , stay, remain 等。感官系动词，也叫半系动词，主要有look，feel, smell,
13、sound, taste.变化系动词，用来表示主语怎么样，主要有become，grow, turn, fall, get等。,归纳：,一个“是”(is, am, are)；一个“感觉”(feel);一个“保持”(keep)； 一个“似乎”(seem);四个“起来”(taste；smell；look；sound),口诀：,一“是”；一“感”；一“保持”；起来四个；“好像”一下“变了”三,Eg: He is a teacher.We must keep our classroom clear.Everyone should stay healthy.That sounds interesting.
14、The orange tastes good.The day gets longer in summer.He became mad after that.,比较：The dinner smells good. （晚餐闻起来很香。）The girl is smelling the flower. （那女孩正在闻着花。） I can smell something burning. (我能闻到有一股烧焦的味道。),(三) 挑出下列句中的表语 The old man was feeling very tired. Why is he worried about Jim? The leaves have turned yellow. Soon they all became interested in the subject. He is the first man to know about it. tired worried yellow interested first,
