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1、2019 西城初三二模英语CResearch has already suggested that opening a book may help improve brain function and reduce stress. Now, a team led by Joanna Sikora of the Australian National University is looking into the benefits of growing up around a book-filled environment; the researchers new study suggests t
2、hat homes with libraries can arm children with skills that last well into adulthood.The study looked at data from 160, 000 adults from 31 countries, including the United States, Australia, Turkey and Chile. Participants (参与者) filled out surveys with the Programme for the International Assessment of
3、Competencies, which measures proficiency (水平) in three areas: literacy (读写能力), numeracy and information communication technology. People, 25 to 65 years old, were asked to tell how many books were in their house when they were 16 years old. The research team was interested in this question because h
4、ome library size can be a good sign of “book-oriented socialization”. Participants were able to choose from a given range of books that included everything from “10 or less” to “more than 500”.The surveys, which were taken between 2011 and 2015, showed that the average (平均的) number of books in parti
5、cipants childhood homes was 115, but that number varied widely from country to country. The average library size in Norway was 212 books, for example; in Turkey, it was 27. In all, however, it seemed that more books in the home was linked to higher proficiency in the areas tested by the survey.The e
6、ffects were most marked when it came to literacy. Growing up with few books in the home resulted in below average literacy levels. Being surrounded by 80 books raised the levels to average, and literacy continued to improve until libraries reached about 350 books, at which point the literacy rates l
7、eveled off. The researchers saw similar things when it came to numeracy; the effects were not as pronounced with information communication technology tests, but skills did improve with increased numbers of books.So, what does the new study tell us? Take, for example, an adult who grew up with hardly
8、 any books in the home, but went on to get a university degree compared to an adult who grew up with a large home library, but only had nine years of schooling. The study found that both of their literacy levels were almost the same. “So, literacy-wise, bookish childhood makes up for a good deal of
9、educational advantage,” the study authors write.Further research is needed to decide exactly why exposure to (沉浸在) books in childhood encourages valuable skills later in life, but the study offers further evidence to suggest that reading has a powerful effect on the mind. And so home library size mi
10、ght be important because, as the researchers note, “children emulate (模仿) parents who read.”27.The second paragraph is mainly about _.A. what the study found outB. how the study was carried outC. who were invited to the researchD. why the researchers did the study28.The phrase “leveled off” in Parag
11、raph 4 probably means “_”.A. backed to averageB. started fallingC. continued to growD. stopped rising29.The example in Paragraph 5 shows _.A. the disadvantage of having little school educationB. the effect of having a home library in childhoodC. the necessity of raising peoples literacy levelD. the
12、importance of getting a university degree30.What can we learn from the passage?A. The study explained why bookish childhood encouraged valuable skills.B. Adults benefit more from a home library than children.C. Home library size has little to do with numeracy level.D. Parents who love reading benefi
13、t children a lot.DRobotic PetsI am going to predict how people are going to be with future technology in their life. I think robotic pets are going to be increasingly popular as the technology develops. At least I am going to build what I think is a strong case for this prediction.From a neurologica
14、l point of view, I do not see anything in the way to people bonding (纽带) fully with robotic pets. The human brain can attach (赋予) emotions to things and respond to emotional signaling. Being alive is simply not required. From how objects move, our brains infer that they are able to act with their ow
15、n will and purpose. If they move in a way that cannot be explained simply as passive (被动的) movement, then they must be moving on their own. Therefore, they can connect to the emotional centers in our brains. We either fear them, or love them, or hunger for them, or whatever. We can respond emotional
16、ly with cartoon creatures, with animals, and yes, even with robots. Our brains treat things that act alive as if they are alive no different.One of the opposite points that people often bring up is that they love the way their pets behave, not just look. This gets to AI, which has been developing at a fast pace. We have AI that can beat world masters in chess and go. I have no doubt
