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1、高考英语阅读理解技巧讲义1高考阅读概况分析1）内容五大类：人物事物名人传记、趣闻轶事、重大历史事件等科普自然科学（新科技、新发现）的解释或者幻想未来等方面的内容社会社会上的热点现象或者揭露存在的不良问题为主应用说明主要是以新闻、广告、产品说明等内容为主，题材新颖多变第五篇文章体裁不限，命题方式新颖，解题方法另类，自成一派2) 题型四大类：明示细节题细节题暗示细节题递推型推理题条件型文章发展方向判断全文主旨主旨题段落主旨排序题（只出现在第5篇阅读）代词词汇题生词2阅读体系介绍范文：（2000年D篇文章）Most people feel lonely sometimes, but it usual
2、ly only lasts between a few minutes and a few hours. This kind of loneliness is not serious. In fact, it is quite normal. For some people, though, loneliness can last for yeas. Now researchers say there are three different types of loneliness.The first kind of loneliness is temporary（暂时的）. This is t
3、he most common type. It usually disappears quickly and does not require any special attention. The second kind, situational loneliness, is a natural result of a particular situation-for example, family problem, the death of a loved one, or moving to a new place. Although this kind of loneliness can
4、cause physical problems, such as headaches and sleeplessness, it usually does not last for more than a year.The third kind of loneliness is the most severe. Unlike the second type, chronic（长期的）usually lasts more than two years and has no specific cause. People who experience habitual loneliness have
5、 problems socializing and becoming close to others. Unfortunately, many chronically lonely people think there is little or nothing they can do to improve their condition.Psychologists agree that one important factor in loneliness is a persons social contacts, e.g. friends, family members, co-workers
6、, etc. we depend on various people for different reasons. For instance, our families give us emotional support, our parents and teachers give us guidance, and our friends share similar interests and activities. However, psychologists have found that, though lonely people may have many social contact
7、s, they sometimes feel they should have more. They question their popularity.Psychologists are trying to find ways to help habitually lonely people for two reasons: they are unhappy and unable to socialize and there is a connection between chronic loneliness and serious illness such as heart disease
8、. While temporary and situational loneliness can be normal, healthy part of life, chronic loneliness can be a very sad, and sometimes dangerous condition.101.How would you treat temporary loneliness according to the passage?（细）A. Talk to friends B. Just ignore itC. Go to see a doctor D. Ask your tea
9、chers for guidance102.It in the last sentence of the second paragraph refers to _.（词）A. temporary lonelinessB. situational lonelinessC. a new placeD sleeplessness103.The topic of the 4th paragraph is that_.（主）A. one problem of loneliness is a persons social contactsB. we depend on various person for
10、 different reasonsC. lonely people dont have many social problemsD. lonely people dont have many friends104. Why do psychologists want to help chronically lonely people? （细）A. Chronic loneliness can cause family problemsB. Chronic loneliness can cause serious illnessC. Chronic loneliness can not be
11、overcomeD. A, B and C are all correct105 What is the best title for the passage? （主）A. Three Kinds of LonelinessB. Loneliness and DiseasesC. Loneliness and Social ContactsD. Chronic Loneliness先进的阅读体系流氓阅读法篇章结构：注重行文脉络、文章框架，段落之间的联系段落结构：注重段落层次划分，Topic sentence的把握句子结构：注重句子间的信息结构，逻辑关系细节：留心上下文中的举例补充说明，同位语，
12、定语从句等帮助解释词汇3阅读提速1) 纠正错误习惯读文章：a. 出声读b. 指读（手、笔）c回读做题目：全部做完一起对2) 加强做题节奏感时间分配：根据文章难易程度，时间分配有侧重，基本上每篇文章时间控制在78分钟内7=3（看）+4（做）永远“看文章时间”“做题时间”8=3（看）+5（做）读文章遍数：推荐遍数1.52遍第1遍：采用扫读法通读全文一遍后0.51遍：带着问题，到文中定位，局部细读，再求正解4量变质变1)量的积累阅读靠平时的积累，所以建议每天限时完成5篇阅读（全真模拟）好处：a戒除对阅读的恐惧心理b消除懒惰心理c培养阅读节奏、良好的阅读习惯2)质的腾飞完成“量的积累”的每天的工作量后
13、，其实只完成了一半，需要对错误的题目进行总结如何总结：a 分析错误原因b 搞清生词c 语法点各类文章的阅读法一、区分文章类别不同类型的文章会有不同的篇章结构。对应每种类型文章的篇章结构往往都会有固定的写法，所以要学会一上来就迅速判定所读文章的类型，然后把固有篇章模式在脑海中展开，使得我们有备而来。其实，往往在读完第一段后就能判断出来，最多不会超过第二段。二、对应篇章结构1）人物事物类文章：由于该类文章往往是按照事情发展顺序，或者时间先后顺序来写的，所以对于事件、人物类文章，牢牢记住抓三点，“时间点、特殊点、专用名词点”对于时间点的把握就能很好的给全文划分段落特殊点的标注是因为往往这些部分就是考
14、点专用名词的标注帮助我们快速定位具体操作：1. 时间点：具体年月日、today、every year、on the third Tuesday in April、at the age of 14等 When、While、During、As等引导的时间状语从句2专用名词：大写的都划下来，注意出现多遍的只划最早出现的那个3. 特殊点：But、However、While、Whereas等引导的强转折 After all, In fact, Actually等词也可表示强转折 与原情况不同之处也算作特殊点（在第一遍扫读文章时可能区分不出来） 比较级、最高级和用于表达比较或最高级含义的形容词也算特殊点：
15、 例：As much as, Than, XX times greater, more than(程度), the morethe more，Significant，Important，Superior to，Inferior to等。 Despite， although等是让步关系，一律不算作特殊点技巧：1. 用自己习惯的三种标记进行划分，方便做题时迅速定位2. 题目中出现的人名可作为搜索关键词，直接从已划线部分中的对应句的上下12句中找答案（2004.A）3. 一般而言，人物事物类文章往往可以通过三点法迅速扫描完全文，帮助定位。但是这类文章有一种特例，如果读了两三段后，发现可以划的三点很少，果断放弃三点法，说明这类文章不适合用三点法，只能通过全面看文章，以及抓问题中的关键词来定位解题。（2002.A）2）科普类文章：
