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1、人教新目标英语八年级上册Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?第一单元主要点: 复习一般过去时 复合不定代词的用法 反身代词的用法 系动词的用法 动词后的to do和doing 的区别ed形容词和ing形容词的区别 “近义词”的区别 本单元中的主谓一致现象 动词过去式的构成及不规则动词表用同义短语转换同义句时谓语动词形式一致性的培养。 感叹句的结构和连词的选择。一、习惯用法、搭配1. buy sth. for sb./ buy sb. sth. 为某人买某物 2. taste + adj. 尝起来3. nothing .but + do sth.(原形) 除了
2、之外什么都没有4. seem + (to be) + adj 看起来 5. arrive in + 大地方 / arrive at + 小地方 到达某地6. decide (not)to do sth. 决定(不)做某事 7. try doing sth. 尝试做某事 / try to do sth. 尽力做某事8. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事 9. want to do sth. 想去做某事10. start doing/to do sth. 开始做某事 11. stop doing sth. 停止做某事 stop to do sth.停下来去做.12. look + ad
3、j 看起来 13. dislike doing/to do sth. 不喜欢做某事14. Why not do sth.=Why dont you do sth.? 为什么不做呢? 15. so + adj + that + 从句 如此以至于16. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人(不要) 做某事 17. keep doing sth. 继续做某事18. forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事(没做) / forget doing sth 忘记做过某事(已做)19.go on doing sth. 继续做某事 20.have a good time=enj
4、oy oneself=have fun(doing sth.)玩得开心21.few+可复 几乎没有,很少(否定) a few+可复 一些 little+不可数 几乎没有,很少(否定) a little+不可数 一些22. too many+可复 许多 too much+不可数 许多 much too+形容词 太.23. because of+短语 因为 because+句子 因为 24. enough 足够的(名前,形、副后)25. something interesting有趣的东西 1)something,anything,nothing,everything是指物的不定代词。somebo
5、dy,someone,anybody,anyone,nobody,everybody,everyone是指人的不定代词。somewhere,anywhere,nowhere,everywhere是指地点的不定副词。当形容词修饰不定代词、不定副词时,放于其后; something special; somewhere wonderful.不定代词、不定副词做主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数。如:Is everybody here? 大家都到齐了吗?something,somebody,someone,somewhere用于肯定句及表示请求或建议的疑问句中,而anything,anybody,any
6、one,anywhere用于否定句、疑问句及条件状语从句中。如:Did you do anything interesting? 你做了有趣的事吗?(表疑问)26系动词feel(觉得,摸起来); keep(保持);stay(保持);look(看来像.);smell(闻起来)sound(听起来)taste(尝起来)-后面接形容词27. bored (adj),意为“感到厌倦的、无聊的”,其主语是某人;(人ed物ing) boring(adj),意为“令人厌倦的、无聊的”其主语是某物。 如:I got bored with the boring work. 我对这无聊的工作感到厌倦。相类似的词语还
7、有: interested/ tired/ excited/ amazed/surprised interesting/ tiring/ exciting/ amazing/surprising28. 辨析: get to/reach/arrive 都是“到达“的意思get to+地点=reach+地点= arrive at+地点(小)=arrive in+地点(大)注意:若他们后面要加地点副词here, there, home等,则不需要加介词。二语法1一般过去时态 概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。 时间状语:时间段+ago(.以前), yesterda
8、y(昨天), the day before yesterday(前天), last week(year, night, month)等基本结构:a.主语+was/were+其他; b.主语+动词的过去式+其他如:He was ill yesterday. I went to the beach three days ago.否定形式:a.was/were+not; b.didnt +动词原形如:He was not ill yesterday. I didnt go to the beach three days ago.一般疑问句:a.把was或were放于句首;b. Did +主语+动词原
9、形?如:Was he ill yesterday? Did you go to the beach three days ago?特殊疑问句:在一般疑问句前加特殊疑问词(how/what/who.)如:How was he yesterday? Where did you go three days ago?2.动词-ed形式的构成:在动词后加-ed 如:watch-watched look-looked以字母e 结尾的动词,只加d 如:move-moved“ 辅音字母+y ” ,变y 为i, 再+ed 如:study-studied以一个元音字母+一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词,双写辅音字母
10、,再加ed 如:stop-stopped记住以下常见的不规则动词 go-went come-came buy-bought see-saw do-did have/has-had take-took am/is-was are-were eat-ate swim-swam run-ran get-got drink-drank3.名词所有格.I went to a friends farm in the countryside with my family.我和家人一起去了乡下一个朋友的农场。(P3) a friends farm是名词所有格形式。一般情况下,表示“有生命的人或物”的名词后面加
11、s,表示所属关系。eg:The red bike is Alices. 那辆红色的自行车是爱丽斯的。 拓展:名词所有格的构成:1)单数名词词尾加s ,复数名词词尾没有s,也要加s the girl s pen女孩的钢笔 womens shoes女鞋 on Childrens Day2)复数名词以s结尾的只加 the students reading room学生阅览室 Teachers Day教师节3)如果两个名词并列,并且分别有s,则表示“分别有”;只有后一个名词有一个s,则表示“共有”: Johns and Kates rooms. 约翰和凯特(各自)的房间。 Lily and Lucys
12、 father. 莉莉和露西的爸爸(同一个爸爸)。4)表示无生命的名词一般以.of.构成短语,表示所有关系。 a map of China一幅中国地图 the name of the story那个故事的名字4. 常用的感叹句的结构:1)What +adj.+ 复数名词 / 不可数名词+主语+谓语! 2)What +a/an+adj.+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!3)How+adj./adv. +主语+谓语! eg: 1.What an interesting book it is! = How interesting a book is! 那本书多么有趣啊! 2._a clever girl
13、she is! A.Who B.What C.How D.Where3._important jobs they have done! A.What B.Who C.How D.Where4._sweet water it is! A.Who B.What C.Where D. How5._interesting the dog is! A.Who B.What C. Where D. HowUnit 1 Where did you go on vacation?一 单项选择( )1.-_did you go last summer vacation?-I went to the mounta
14、ins. A. What B.Where C.How( )2.-Did you buy _? -Yes,I did. A. something special B.special anything C.anything special( )3. We took _photos. A.a little B. a quite few C. quite a few( )4. Everyone _on vacation. A. are B. is C. were( )5. I bought some books _my sister. A. at B.for C.of( )6.The food tastes _. A. good B.well C. beautiful( )7.This is _father. A.Jim and T