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1、Unit 13: Young Goodman Brown (Nathaniel Hawthorne，1804-1864),outline,About the author Important works Warm up questions Background Information Plot summary Analysis Critical response and impact Symbols and images,About the author-Nathaniel Hawthorne (1804-1864),Born in 1804 in Salem, Massachusetts W
2、riting centers on New England Moral Allegories with a Puritan inspiration Fictional Works are considered part of the Romantic Movements, or more specifically, Dark Romanticism. Inherent Evil and Sin of humanity. Believe in Determinism, a theory of Predestination.,FAMILY HISTORY,“Great-great grandfat
3、her, William Hathorne, ordered the whipping of Anne Coleman and four others in the street of Salem. Great grandfather, John Hathorne, was the magistrate presiding over the trial of the accused witches of Salem in 1692.,IMPORTANT WORKS,Short Stories: Twice-Told Tales (1828) Mosses from an Old Manse (
4、1846) Novels: Fanshawe(1828)* The Scarlet Letter(1850) Biography: The Life of Franklin Pierce(1852),Warming- up Questions:1. What do you know about Hawthorne? 2. Is there sin or goodness when one is born? 3. Is there sin in everyones heart? 4. Do you have your own faith? What do you think is the use
5、 of a persons faith in his life? 5. What do you like the story “Young Goodman Brown”? What is it about?,Plot summary,The story begins at dusk in Salem Village, Massachusetts as young Goodman Brown leaves Faith, his wife of three months, for some unknown errand in the forest. Faith pleads with her hu
6、sband to stay with her, but he insists that the journey must be completed that night. In the forest he meets an older man, dressed in a similar manner and bearing a physical resemblance to himself. The man carries a black serpent-shaped staff. The two encounter Goody Cloyse, an older woman, whom You
7、ng Goodman had known as a boy and who had taught him catechism, in the woods. She complains about the need to walk and, evidently friendly with the stranger, accepts his snake staff and flies away to her destination.,Other townspeople inhabit the woods that night, traveling in the same direction as
8、Goodman Brown. When he hears his wifes voice in the trees, he calls out but is not answered. He then seems to fly through the forest, using a maple staff the stranger fashioned for him, arriving at a clearing at midnight to find all the townspeople assembled. At the ceremony carried out at a flame-l
9、it rocky altar, the newest acolytes are brought forth Goodman Brown and Faith. They are the only two of the townspeople not yet initiated. Goodman Brown calls to heaven to resist and instantly the scene vanishes. Arriving back at his home in Salem the next morning, Goodman Brown is uncertain whether
10、 the previous nights events were real or a dream, but he is deeply shaken, and his belief he lives in a Christian community is distorted. He loses his faith in his wife, along with all of humanity. He lives his life an embittered and suspicious cynic, wary of everyone around him. The story concludes
11、: And when he had lived long, and was borne to his grave. they carved no hopeful verse upon his tombstone, for his dying hour was gloom.,Analysis,Th story could be divided into three parts. The first part shows Goodman Brown at his home in his village integrated in his society. The second part of th
12、e story is an extended dreamlike/nightmare sequence in the forest for a single night. The third part shows his return to society and to his home, yet he is so profoundly changed that in rejecting the greeting of his wife Faith, Hawthorne shows Goodman Brown has lost faith and rejected the tenets of
13、his Puritan world during the course of the night.,Analysis,Young Goodman Brown is often characterized as an allegory about the recognition of evil and depravity as the nature of humanity.Much of Hawthornes fiction, such as The Scarlet Letter, is set in 17th-century colonial America, particularly Sal
14、em Village. To convey the setting, he used literary techniques such as specific diction, or colloquial expressions. Language of the period is used to enhance the setting. Hawthorne gives the characters specific names that depict abstract pure and wholesome beliefs, such as Young Goodman Brown and Fa
15、ith. The characters names ultimately serve as a paradox in the conclusion of the story. The inclusion of this technique was to provide a definite contrast and irony. Hawthorne aims to critique the ideals of Puritan society and express his disdain for it, thus illustrating the difference between the
16、appearance of those in society and their true identities.,Critical response and impact,Herman Melville:Young Goodman Brown was as deep as Dante Henry James called it a magnificent little romance. Edgar Allan Poe refers to Hawthornes short stories as the products of a truly imaginative intellect. Modern scholars and critics generally view the short story as an allegorical tale written to expose the contradictions in place concerning Puritan beliefs and societies. Ot
