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1、Attributive clauses定语从句,Part 关系代词和关系副词,关系代词用法,人物,主宾/表,物,主宾 /表,人,主宾/表,人,宾,人物,定,关系副词的用法,时间,时间状语,地点,地点状语,原因,原因状语,定语从句中关系词的选择：,“缺啥补啥”,看从句中缺少什么成分，从句中缺主语、宾语或表语用which, who，that ，as或whom（只做宾语）. 其中指人时用who,whom,as 。指物时用which,that,as。作定语意为“的”的时候用whose。作状语时候用关系副词when, where, why等。 注意：定语从句关系词中没有how, what,Practic
2、e,1.The man _is talking to me is a friend of my fathers. 2.The school _is famous here has a long history. 3.I live in the house _windows face south. 4.He is such a person_we like very much.,that/who,that/which,whose,as,5.I will never forget the day _we were in the country. 6. This is the park _you t
3、ook photos last Sunday. 7. That was the reason_he looked old.,when/on which,where/in which,why/for which,Part 通常只能使用that或which的场合,All _ we have to do is to practice every day. The first lesson _ I learned will never be forgotten,that,1.先行词是不定代词all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等,th
4、at,2.先行词是序数词或形容词最高级或被序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时,只用that 的场合,I have read all the books _ you gave me.,that,3.先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last, just, all, any, every, few, little, no, some 等修饰时，宜用that.,They talked of things and persons _ they remembered in the school.,4.先行词既有人又有物时，宜用that.,that,Who is the
5、 boy _ was here just now? Which is the bike _you lost?,5.当主语是以who/which开头的特殊疑问句时， 定语从句须用that，以免与先行词重复,that,that,Mycomputerisnolongerthemachine _itwas.,6.当定语从句的谓语动词是be，需要关系代词作表语时，宜用that,that,This is the house in_ Ji Xiaolan used to live.,which,1.介词提到关系代词前时，宜用which。如 for which , on which, in which, of
6、 which 等。,The experiment is very important , _ indeed it is.,2.引导非限制性定语从句时，宜用which。,which,只用which的场合,Part 限制性定语从句和 非限制性定语从句,1.The man who greeted me is my teacher. ( ) 2.John, who greeted me, is my teacher. ( ),Restrictive Attributive Clause,Non-restrictive Attributive Clause,向我打招呼的那个人是我的老师。,约翰是我的老师
7、。他向我打过招呼。,指出下面两个句子哪个是限制性定语从句哪个是非限制性定语从句。,限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别,1.引导非限制性定语从句的which可以指代前面的先行词，也可以指代前面整个句子。,That Peter will marry Alice, which has not been announced yet, has spread around.,2.除which 外，还可用when, where, who, whom等关系副词或代词引导非限制性定语从句。,After graduation, I decided to stay in Chongqing, where I s
8、pent my childhood and four years of college life.,3.在of which/whom之前可以使用表达数量或定位的数词或代词。,1. I am doing different types of exercises, all of which are quite helpful to my health. 2. Many people, some of whom are not overweight, are going on diets. 3. There are 54 students in my class, three of whom com
9、e from the US.,4.非限制性定语从句通常不能用that引导。 I like the book, which was bought yesterday. 我喜欢这本书，这是昨天买的。,5.非限制性定语从句不能用why引导要用for which代替why。 I had told them the reason, for which I didnt attend the meeting. 我已经把理由告诉了他们，为此我没有去开会。,Part 介词+关系代词引导的定语从句,介词+关系词的定义,定语从句中的介词可以放在定语从句中，也可提前放于关系词前，介词后关系代词只能用which,who
10、m,且不能省略.,He is the person _ you spoke,to,that/who/whom,He is the person _ you spoke.,whom,This is the house _ I lived 4y ago,in,This is the house _ I lived 4y ago,that/which,which,关系副词when, where, why 和介词+which之间的关系,关系副词when, where, why可以用 适当的介词+which来替代。 如：when=in/on/at+which, where=in/on/at+which,
11、 why=for+which 。,1. I wont forget the date on which I was born. 2. This is the room in which I lived. 3. I dont know the reason for which he havent come today. 4. Tom still remembers the days in which they lived in Tianjin. 5. Hangzhou is the place to which I went last year. 6. I remember the day on
12、 which my father died. I was only ten years old at that time.,=when,=where,=why,=when,=where,=when,介词+关系词中介词的选择,根据从句所修饰的先行词的需要来确定介词。 根据从句中谓语动词或形容词搭配的需要来确定介词。 根据句意的需要来确定介词。,The money _ which you were to buy dog food is gone. He will never forget the day _ which he failed in the exam.,一、根据从句所修饰的先行词的需要
13、来确定介词,with the money 用钱,on,with,on the day 在那天,二、根据定语从句中的谓语动词或形容词确定,He is really the person _ whom we have a lot to learn. The West Lake, _ which Hangzhou is famous, is a beautiful place.,from,learn from sb. 向某人学习,for,be famous for因而出名,Air, _which man cant live, is really important.,三、根据句意来确定,This i
14、s my pair of glasses, _ which I cannot see clearly.,without,without,Part as与which 引导定语 从句的区别,as和which的区别,as和which都可以代指前面的先行词或整个句子，在从句中作主语，或用作及物动词的宾语，如， He married her， whichas was natural I was very useful to him， which/ as he realized 但下列情况下as和which一般不能互换：,1.as引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在句首、句末，也可以插入主句中，而which指前
15、面提到的事实或情况，一般放在主句之后，如： As our teacher points out， that book is of benefit to everyone he was late again this morning, which makes his teacher unhappy. ,2as含有正如、按照、正像之意，as一般用在肯定句中，而which则可以用于含否定意义的句子中，如： He failed in the exam again， as was expected He failed in the exam again， which was unexpected,3下列固定结构，一般不能用which，如： as has been said before 如前所述 as often happens 正像经常发生的那样 as is well known= as is known to all 众所周知 as we have expected正如我们预料的那样 as has been mentioned above正如上面提到的 as we can see 正如大家看到的那样,as引导的限制性定语从句,1.as 常用于the same.as, such. as 结构中。如
