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1、八年级下 Unit1 What s the matter？ 1.What t the matter ? 怎么了？ matter 此处为可数名词，意为“ 毛病；麻烦 ” ，通常用于句型What s the matter with sb. ? 中。该问句常用来询 问某人患了何种疾病或遇到了何种麻烦。 What s the matter with him ? 他怎么了？ He has a headache . 他头痛。 拓展： 1 matter 还可作为不及物动词，意为“ 要紧，有关系” ，主要用于否定句，疑问句或者条件句中。 It doesn t matter . 没有关系。 Does it ma
2、tter if I m a bit late ? 我晚一会到有关系吗？ 2 ）.no matter 与 who , what , where 等连用，相当于whoever , whatever ,wherever 等，可引导让步 状语从句。 Don t open the door , no matter who comes . 不管谁来都别开口。 2. I have stomachache . 我胃痛。 Stomachache 为可数名词，意为“ 胃痛；腹痛 ” Eg: Mary didn t come to school yesterday because she had a stomach
3、ache. 拓展： 在英语中，一部分表示身体部位的名词加上名词ache（疼痛）后，可以构成合成名词。如headache头 痛， toothache 牙痛， stomachache胃痛， backache 背痛， earache耳朵痛。 3. She talked too much yesterday and didn t drink enough water . 她昨天说话太多，并且没有喝足够的水。 （ 1）此处 too much 相当于一个副词，修饰动词talked ,放在后面作状语，意为“ 太多 ” 。 Eg: She worried too much . Eating too much
4、is bad for your health. （ 2）此处 enough 为形容词，意为“ 足够的 ” 。修饰名词时，常放在名词前，且位置后置。 Eg: It is good enough gor me . Is the water warm enough for you ? 八年级下 Enough 还可以构成句型搭配：be + adj.+enough+to do “足够 .做某事 ” Eg: Though he has grown up , he isn t brave enough to go out alone at night. 4. Drink some hot tea with
5、honey . 喝些加有蜂蜜的热茶。 with 为介词，在此处意为 “ 加上； 具有； 带有 ” ， 表示事物的附属部分或所具有的性质，其反义词为without 。 Eg: Would you like some tea with sugar ? China is a country with a long history . No man could live without water . 拓展： 1 with 意为 “ 和.在一起 ” Mr.Black is talking with a friend . 2 with 意为 “ 用（工具、手段等）” You can cut it wit
6、h a knife . 3 with 表示方式、情况或者条件。 She likes to sleep with the light on . The teacher came in with a smile on his face . 例题解析： Would you like some coffee,please ? Yes , and please get some sugar . I prefer coffee_sugar . A . to B. for CwithD from 5.You need to take breaks away from the computer . 你需要离开
7、电脑休息几天。 (1) need 在此处为实意动词，意为“ 需要 ” ，后面可接名词，代词，动名词及带有to 的不定式作宾语。 Eg: We need to think twice about it . She needs your help . 拓展： Need 作情态动词，意为“ 需要，必需 ” 。无人称和数的变化，否定式为needn t，后面一般接动词原形。 八年级下 Need I finish the work today ? Yes, you must . / No ,yo needn t . If she wants anything ，she need only ask . (2
8、) break 此处用作可数名词，意为“ （课间的）休息” 。 Eg: He sat under the big tree to take a break. There is a 10-minute break between classes . 拓展： 1break 作不及物动词，意为“ 碎；破 ” 。其过去式为broke,过去分词为broken 。 Eg： Glasses breaks easily . 2break 作及物动词，意为“ 弄碎，弄破 ” 。 Eg: He broke his right leg last month . 3break 作及物动词，意为“ 不遵守（法律，规则等
9、）” 。 Eg: The teacher is talking to the student who broke the rules . 6. I think you should lie down and test . 我认为你应该躺下休息。 （1）lie (lay , lain , lying) 此处为不及物动词，意为“ 躺；卧 ” Eg: Don t lie in bed all morning . He found a dog lying at the door . 拓展： 1lie 作为不及物动词，意为“ 撒谎，说谎 ” ，过去式和过去分词均为lied,现在分词为lying 。 Eg
10、: You are lying to me . 2lie 作可数名词，意为“ 谎言，假话 ” Eg: I know he told a lie just now . I believe that it is a white lie . 3lay 动词，意为 “ 产卵，下蛋 ” ，过去式和过去分词均为laid . Eg: The hens are not laying well at the moment . 八年级下 (2) rest 常作可数名词，意为“ 休息 ” Eg: You must take a tes from your work 7. If your head and neck
11、still hurt tomorrow , then go to a doctor . 如果明天你的头和脖子还痛的话，就去看医 生。 （1）此处连词if 引导条件状语从句，意为“ 如果，假如 ” 。 Eg: If she arrives in New York , I ll telephone you . 例题解析： I wonder if the psychologist will come to our school this weekend . If he _， we will be very excited . A.come B. comes C. will come D .came
12、(2) go to a doctor 为固定短语，意为“ 看医生 ” ，相当于go to see a doctor . Eg: Bill went to a doctor yesterday . Don t take any medicine before going to a doctor . 8.He got off and asked the woman what happened . 他下了车，问那个妇女发生了什么事。 （1）get off 为 “ 动词 +副词 ” 结构的短语，人称代词作宾语时，应放在动词与副词之间，此处意为“ 下车 ” 。 辨析： 1 get off 意为 “ 下（
13、汽车、火车、飞机等）” The first passenger to get off the bus was a woman . 2 get on 意为 “ 登上（汽车、火车、飞机等）” ，后面常跟较大的交通工具，反义词为get off When I got on the bus ,I saw my teacher sitting there . 3get into 意为 “ 进入（小汽车、出租车、电梯等）” ，后面常跟较小的交通工具。反义词为get out of He got into a taxi and left . 4get out of 意为 “ 从（小汽车、出租车、直升飞机等）下来
14、” 八年级下 She got out of the car and wen into the hall . 例题解析： Don t _the bus until it stops . A. turn off B.put on C.get off D.set up (2) happen 为及物动词，意为“ 发生 ” 1当表示 “ 某人或者某物发生某事” 时，某人或者某物必须放在介词to 后面，用句型 sth. Happens to sb./sth.来表达 What has happened to Judy ? 2当用作 “ 碰巧 ” 时，常用句型sb. Happens to do sth.和 I
15、t happens + that 从句 She happened to meet her friend in the bookstore . It happened that I had no money with me . 9.Mr.Wang knew he had to act quickly . 王先生知道他必须快点行动。 have to 不得不，后面接动词原形 辨析： have to 和 must 1have to 强调客观上的需要；must 强调主观上的必要性。 I have to tidy up the room . （客观需要） I must tidy up the room .
16、 （主观想法） 2have to 有人称，数和时态变化，可用于一般现在时，一般过去时或一般将来时等； must 无人称，数，时态变化，主要用于一般现在时。 Does he have to stay here ? Must she finish her homework first ? 3它们的否定形式不同。don t have to 表示 “ 不必要，不需要” must t 表示 “ 禁止，不允许，不应该” You don t have to help him . You mustn t help him 八年级下 10.But to his surprise ,they all agreed to go with him . 但出乎他的意料，他们都同意和他一起去。 （1）to one s surprise 为固定结构， 意为 “ 使某人惊讶的是. ”类似结构还有to one t joy 使人开心的是； to one s disappointment
