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1、Unit 4 Sharing Section Grammar-限制性定语从句语法图解探究发现选词填空(that/which/who)1I know youre dying to hear all about my life here, so Ive included some photos which will help you picture the places I talk about.2The boys who had never come across anything like this before started jumping out of the windows.3But
2、last weekend another teacher, Jenny, and I did visit a village which is the home of one of the boys, Tombe.4When we arrived at the village, Tombes mother, Kiak, who had been pulling weeds in her garden, started crying “ieee ieee”5The only possessions (that) I could see were one broom, a few tin plat
3、es and cups and a couple of jars.我的发现(1)以上五个句子皆为限制性定语从句。(2)句1、3为关系代词which引导的定语从句，先行词为表示物或地点的名词(短语)，关系代词which在从句中充当主语。(3)句2、4为关系代词who引导的定语从句，先行词为指人的名词(短语)，who在从句中充当主语。(4)句5为省掉关系代词that 的定语从句，关系代词在从句中作动词see的宾语，先行词为由only修饰的名词possessions。一、概述1定语从句是用来修饰某一名词或代词的从句。定语从句一般置于被修饰的词之后，且有引导词引导。被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫作先行
4、词。2引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。3定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。Here is the_girl(who/whom) we have been looking for. 先行词 引导词这就是我们一直在寻找的女孩。We will always remember those_dayswhen we worked 先行词 引导词together there.我们将永远记住我们一起在那里工作的日子。We went to the_factorywhere we had ever worked. 先行词引导词我们去了我们曾经工作过的工厂。She bought
5、a_dress yesterday which suits her very well. 先行词引导词昨天她买了一件非常适合她的女裙。即时演练1用定语从句连接两个简单句The doctor is in the room. You are looking for him.(whom)The_doctor_whom_you_are_looking_for_is_in_the_room.Nobody wants the house. Its windows are all broken.(whose)Nobody_wants_the_house_whose_windows_are_all_broke
6、n.We know the place. Our teacher lives there.(where)We_know_the_place_where_our_teacher_lives.Do you know the reason? She was late for the meeting for it. (why)Do_you_know_the_reason_why_she_was_late_for_the_meeting?二、限制性定语从句1关系代词的种类、功能及句法作用所作成分代替人代替物代替人或物主语who/thatwhich/as/thatthat/as宾语whomwhich/as
7、/thatthat/as定语whose/of whomwhose/of whichwhoseYesterday I helped an_old_manwho/that lost his way.人作主语昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。He finished a_novel last year which/that made him famous. 物作主语去年他完成了一部让他出名的小说。The_man(who/whom) you met just now is my friend. 人作宾语你刚刚见到的那个人是我的朋友。This is the_pen(that/which) he bought y
8、esterday. 物作宾语这是他昨天买的钢笔。He is the_scientistwhose achievements/the achieve 人作定语ments of_whom are wellknown.作定语他就是那位成就卓著的科学家。The_stationwhose construction/the construction of_which 物作定语作定语was finished the year before has already come into use.前年完工的车站已经投入使用。(1) as引导限制性定语从句时，一般用于such . as ., the same .
9、as . 结构中，as为关系代词，其既可指人也可指物，且在从句中既可作主语也可作宾语。 He is such a kind person as we all like him. 他是个很善良的人，我们都喜欢。This is the same book as was bought yesterday.这是和昨天买的同样的一本书。(2)关系代词在从句中作主语时，谓语动词的单复数与先行词的单复数形式一致。The number of the people who/that come to visit the city each year rises one million.每年来参观这座城市的人数增加
10、100万。名师点津关系代词在从句中作主语，先行词为“one of复数名词”时，谓语动词的单复数与复数名词形式一致；若先行词为“the only one of复数名词”时，谓语动词的单复数与one一致。Tom is one of the students who study hard.汤姆是这些学习刻苦的学生中的一个。Tom is the only one of the students who studies hard.汤姆是这些学生中唯一一个学习刻苦的。(3)表示人的关系代词who在口语中代替whom。如果关系代词作介词的宾语，则只能用whom, 但如果把介词放在句尾，则两者都可以用；表示物
11、的关系代词that在口语中可代替which。如果关系代词作介词的宾语，则只能用which, 但如果把介词放在句尾，则两者都可以用。This is the missing boy who/whom they are searching for. This is the missing boy for whomthey are searching.这是他们正在寻找的丢失的男孩。It is the TV series (that/which) we talked about just now. It is the TV series about which we talked just now.这就
12、是我们刚才谈论的电视连续剧。(4)当关系代词whose代替物时，实际上相当于of which；当关系代词whose代替人时，实际上相当于of whom。It was a small village whose name (the name of which/of which the name) I have forgotten.那是一个小村子，它的名字我忘了。During our stay at the seaside city last summer, we met a fisherman whose face ( the face of whom/of whom the face) got
13、 sunburnt.去年夏天我们在这座海边城市逗留期间，我们遇到了一位农夫，他的脸都晒黑了。(5)关系代词引导定语从句，且关系代词作介词的宾语时，先行词是人，关系代词用whom；先行词是物，关系代词用which。介词有时位于关系代词之前，有时也可位于从句中动词之后。Now she needs a person to whomshe could turn for help.现在她需要一位能够寻求帮助的人。There is a dictionary in whichwe can look up the new word.那里有一本词典，我们可以在这本词典里查这个新单词。名师点津介词的确定主要取决于
14、三个原则：一是与先行词的搭配；二是与从句中动词的搭配；三是上下文表达的需要。(6) 关系代词只用that的几种特殊情况。当先行词为all, everything, nothing, anything, little, much等不定代词时Tell me everything that you know.把你知道的一切告诉我。当先行词被very, both, the only, all, every, no, any, little, much, some修饰时This isthe only coat that I have.这是我拥有的唯一一件大衣。当先行词被形容词的最高级修饰时This is the most beautiful citythat I visited.这是我参观过的最美的城市。当先行词被序数词修饰时This isthe first lessonthat we have this term.这是我们这一学期上的第一节课。当先行词既包括人又包括物时He hasnt sent usthe workers and equipment that we need.他没有给我们送来我们需要的工人和
