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1、Software Engineering,Born in 1968, Because of Software Crisis(high costs, slow delivery, low quality),一个概念： 1968年在德国举行的NATO软件工程会议上。,一本刊物：1972年IEEE学会的计算机协会第一次出版了“软件工程学报”。,一门课程： 1980年代末和1990年代初，软件工程教育得到卡内基-梅隆大学软件工程研究所（SEI）的培育和支持。,一个专业： 1993年，IEEE-CS和ACM为把软件工程建设成为一个专业，建立了IEEE-CS/ACM联合指导委员会。,一个产业： 1993年
2、后形成了软件产业。,一批名企： 微软、IBM、苹果、谷歌、百度、华为、淘宝。,一批名人： 比尔.盖茨；张亚勤；李开复；任正非、马云。,Bilingual language teaching,双语教学（中英，中俄，中韩） 板书、讲授、作业、考试采用两种语言的混杂，比例是外语不低于20% 是基础英语、科技英语、专业英语的延续，体现英语教学的不断线。 是英语的应用，不是为了学习英语，经过近20年的英语学习，现在是大家应用英语的时候了。 双语软件工程是为了学习软件工程的知识，是为了达到国际水平而开设的。,State investigate,Program language： 1.会C语言 2.除C语言
3、外，会C+ 3.还会Java, C# Practices： 1.生成过exe文件 2.制作过setup文件 3.做过网站,State investigate,听说过： 1.软件工程 2.瀑布型模型 3.构件 4.OCX，DLL，COM，J2EE 5.SOA 6.云计算,What is software?（什么是软件）,Computer programs and associated documentation and Configuration Data 程序、相关文档和数据 Software products may be developed for a particular custome
4、r or may be developed for a general market 订制和通用,What is software engineering?（什么是软件工程）,Software engineering is an engineering discipline which is concerned with all aspects of software production（涉及软件所有方面的工程原则） Software engineers should adopt a systematic and organised approach to their work and us
5、e appropriate tools and techniques depending on the problem to be solved, the development constraints and the resources available （采用系统方法、工具和管理技术）,What is the difference between software engineering and computer science?,Computer science is concerned with theory and fundamentals; software engineerin
6、g is concerned with the practicalities of developing and delivering useful software Computer science theories are currently insufficient to act as a complete underpinning for software engineering 计算机科学是基础理论，支撑软件工程,What is the difference between software engineering and system engineering?,System eng
7、ineering is concerned with all aspects of computer-based systems development including hardware, software and process engineering. Software engineering is part of this process System engineers are involved in system specification, architectural design, integration and deployment 软件工程是系统工程的分支,What is
8、 a software process?（什么是软件过程）,A set of activities whose goal is the development or evolution of software Generic activities in all software processes are: Specification 、Development 、Validation 、Evolution 软件开发和升级的一系列活动：描述、开发、测试和升级,What is a software process model?（什么是软件过程模型）,A simplified representat
9、ion of a software process, presented from a specific perspective（简单概括） Examples of process perspectives are Workflow perspective（工作流） Data-flow perspective （信息流） Role/action perspective （角色/行为） Generic process models Waterfall（瀑布型） Evolutionary development（进化型） Formal transformation（形式化型） Integratio
10、n from reusable components（面向复用型）,What are the costs of software engineering?（什么是软件工程成本）,Roughly 60% of costs are development costs, 40% are testing costs. For custom software, evolution costs often exceed development costs Costs vary depending on the type of system being developed and the requireme
11、nts of system attributes such as performance and system reliability Distribution of costs depends on the development model that is used,What are software engineering methods?（什么是软件工程方法）,Structured approaches to software development which include system models, notations, rules, design advice and pro
12、cess guidance Model descriptions（模型描述） Descriptions of graphical models which should be produced Rules（规则） Constraints applied to system models Recommendations（建议） Advice on good design practice Process guidance（过程指南） What activities to follow,What is CASE (Computer-Aided Software Engineering)（辅助工具）
13、,Software systems which are intended to provide automated support for software process activities. CASE systems are often used for method support Upper-CASE（高端工具） Tools to support the early process activities of requirements and design Lower-CASE（低端工具） Tools to support later activities such as progr
14、amming, debugging and testing,What are the attributes of good software?（优良软件的特性是什么？）,The software should deliver the required functionality and performance to the user and should be maintainable, dependable and usable Maintainability（可维护） Dependability（可信赖） Efficiency（有效） Usability（可用）,What are the
15、key challenges facing software engineering?（面临的挑战）,Coping with legacy systems, coping with increasing diversity and coping with demands for reduced delivery times Legacy systems（遗留系统） Old, valuable systems must be maintained and updated Heterogeneity（多样性） Systems are distributed and include a mix of
16、 hardware and software Delivery（交付） There is increasing pressure for faster delivery of software,Issues of professional responsibility（职业道德）,Confidentiality （机密） Engineers should normally respect the confidentiality of their employers or clients irrespective of whether or not a formal confidentiality agreement has been signed. Competence （工作竞争力） Engineers should not misrepresent their level of competence. They should not knowingly accept work which is out with their competence.,Issues of profes
