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1、2012届高考英语考前冲刺精品资料晨背强化系列（二）早读：.词汇短语过关1respond vi.回答，答复；响应，作出反应response n. 回答，回复；反应respond to sb./sth.回答(比 answer, reply to正式)respond to sb./sth. (with/ by sth.) 用回应某人(事)respond to (疾病、身体的受伤部分)对医药有良好反应response to sb./sth. (对人/物)的回答/回复/反应in response to 作为对的反应即学即练1(1)They still havent _ my letter.他们至今仍没
2、有回我的信。(2)He _ my suggestion _ a laugh/_ laughing. 他对我的建议报以一笑。(3)His illness didnt _ treatment by drugs.他的疾病对药物治疗没有反应。(4)My mother opened the door _ the knock, but there was no one outside.听到敲门声后，我妈妈打开了门，但外面一个人都没有。responded to , responded to , with , by , respond to , in response to2certain adj. 确定的；
3、无疑的；某(种)(1)作“某(种)”讲时，同义于 some.但 some 前不加冠词。for a certain reasonfor some reason 由于某种原因certain professorssome professors 某些教授a certain amount of time 相当一段时间(2)作“确信的，有把握的”讲时，同义于 sure.但是 certain 的主语既可以是人，也可用于It is certain that.句型，而 sure 主语只能是人。“be certain/sure从句”(人)有把握/确信(表示主语的信念)be certain/sure of/abou
4、t sth. (人)确信(表示主语的信念)be certain/sure to do sth. 必定/肯定会做某事(主语常为二、三人称，表示说话人的信念)“make certain/sure从句”弄清楚/确保make certain/sure of/about sth. 把某件事情弄清楚for certain/sure 确定地，确切地(做状语)It is certain that. 一定会(不能用 sure)即学即练2(1)There was _ in his manner.他的态度有点冷淡。(2)Are you _ it？你对此有把握吗？(3)He is _ his duty.他肯定会尽职。
5、(4)_ he has wronged me.我确信他冤枉了我。(5)_ their team will win the match.他们队肯定会赢得比赛。a certain coldness , certain about/of , certain to do , Im certain that , Its certain that3contain vt. 包含；容纳(hold)；抑制(control)即学即练3(1)His paper _ no mistakes at all.他的试卷没有一点错误。(2)Orange juice _ things which help keep you h
6、ealthy.橘汁里含有有益于健康的东西。(3)This bottle _ two glasses of beer.这个瓶子可容纳两杯啤酒。(4)He couldnt _ for joy.他不胜欢喜。contained , contains , contains , contain himself4affect vt.影响；感动；(疾病)侵袭be greatly/deeply affected很/深受感动be affected by heat/cold中暑/着凉be affected with high fever发高烧即学即练4(1)The amount of rain _ the grow
7、th of crops.降雨量直接影响庄稼生长。(2)One of her lungs _ a little so that she has to rest.她的一叶肺有些感染，所以她不得不休息。(3)The audience _ by his speech.听众被他的演讲深深打动了。affects , is affected , were deeply affected5appreciate vt. 欣赏；感激；喜欢appreciation n. 欣赏；感激appreciate sth. (thank sb.) 感激某事或某人appreciatedoing sth.感激做某事one/ones
8、 doing sth.感激某人做某事I would appreciate it if. 如果，我将不胜感激。即学即练5(1)He highly _.他非常感谢他的帮助。(2)We shall _ you again.我们将很高兴再次收到您的来信。(3)I really _ to the party.你能来参加这次聚会我太高兴了。(4)I would _ you could help me.如果你能帮助我，我将不胜感激。appreciated his helpappreciate hearing fromappreciate your comingappreciate it if6succeed
9、 v成功success n. U成功；成就 C成功的人或事successful adj. 成功的successfully adv. 成功地succeed in doing sth.have success in doing sth.be successful in doing sth.成功做某事achieve great success 取得巨大的成功sb./sth. is a success 成功的人或事即学即练6(1)We all _ the midterm examination.我们都成功地通过了期中考试。(2)Failure is the mother of _.失败是成功之母。(3
10、)He was _ as a novelist.他是非常成功的小说家。succeeded in passing , success , a success7harm vt. & n损害；危害harmful adj.有害的be harmful todo harm todo sb. harmdo harm to sb.对有害There is no harm in doing sth.It does no harm (for sb.)to do sth.做某事是个好主意(或没有坏处)。即学即练7(1)The dog seems fierce, but it wont _ anyone.这条狗看上去很
11、凶，但它不会伤害任何人。(2)Fruit juice can _ childrens teeth.果汁可能损坏儿童的牙齿。(3)He may say no, but _ asking.他可能拒绝，但问一问也无妨。harm , be harmful to , there is no harm in8die out 灭亡，逐渐消失die out 绝种，灭绝；熄灭；(风俗、习惯等)逐渐消失die off(家族、种族等)相继死亡；(草木)先后枯死die away(声音、光线、风等)渐弱，渐息，平息die down(火、光线、兴奋、暴风雨等)渐弱，渐息；(声音)静下来die of 指死于疾病、衰老、饥饿
12、、悲伤等die from 指由于外伤、外界原因、粗心、不注意、劳累过度等而死即学即练8(1) Scientists said that those plants _ a century ago.科学家们说那些植物一个世纪前就绝种了。(2) Many old customs _.许多古老的风俗正逐渐消失。(3)If the snowstorm does not blow over, the cattle will _.如果暴风雪不停息，牲畜就要死掉了。(4)Open the air hole; the fire is _.把气孔打开，火要熄了。died out , are dying out ,
13、 die off , dying down(5)Every winter some old people _ hypothermia.每年冬天都有一些老人死于体温过低。(6)Nowadays many people _ cancer.现在有很多人死于癌症。die from , die of9in danger (of.)处于危险之中out of danger 脱离危险即学即练9(1)The drowned girl was obviously_.很明显，那个溺水的女孩的生命危在旦夕。(2)The old house is _ collapse.那所老房子有倒塌的危险。(3)They were told at the hospital that their grandmother was _.他们在医院得知他们的祖母已经脱
