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1、FestivalsAndHolidaysInBritian 講述 隆茂森設計 鄭文哲資料員 張鵬唐淋栩 ThroughouttheyeartheBritishcelebratemanyholidayswhichreflectthereligious historical socialandculturaldiversityoftheircountry SomeholidaysarecelebratedthroughoutthecountryandmarkimportanteventsoftheChristiancalendar Otherholidaysarebasedonlocalcusto
2、msandtraditionswhichreflectthevarietyofexperienceindifferentregions Whatalmostalloftheholidayshaveincommon whethertheyarelocal regionalornational isthattheyprovideanopportunityforfamiliesandfriendstogettogethertovisite eat exchangegoodwishesandenjoyeachother scompanyandhospitality Introduction Holid
3、ays ReligiousHolidaysNationnalHolidaysHolidaysInFourNations AlthoughBritainremainsamainlyChristiannation mostBritiansdonotgotochurchregularlyorengageinChristianworkship Becauseofimmigrationandchangingbeliefs mostoftheworld sreligionsarepractisedinBritain withsizeableHindu Jwish MuslimandSikhcommunit
4、iesandnumeroussmallergroups TheresultisthatalthoughmanyChristianfestivalsareobservedtheyhavebeenadaptedtofittheneedsofamodern secularsociety Itisnotunusualtofindnon ChristiansparticipatinginsomeoftheactivitiessurroundingChristmasandEster ChristmasDay Christmas Decenber25th isthebiggestandbestlovedBr
5、itishholiday Schoolsclosefortheholidayperiod asdoshopsandoffices sopeoplecanspendtimeathomewiththeirfamilies WhileChritmashasaChritianmeaning itcommemoratesthebirthofJesusChrist Nowdays ChristmasiscelebratedbymostBritonsbyexchanginggiftsandChristmascards preparingholidayfoods anddecoratinghomesandwo
6、rkplacewithcolouredlights Christmastreesandornaments TherearethreeChritmastraditionswhichareparticularlyBritish oneistheChristmasPantomime acomicalmusicalplay The panto basedonaversionoftraditionalchildren sstorywhichwrittentoincludesongsandjokes thesethingscanbeenjoyedbyadultsandchildren Themainmal
7、echaracterthe principalboy isplayedbyayoungwoman andoppositely themainfe alecharactercalled theDame isplayedbyaman oftenafamousactororsportsman Whenheappearsinheavymakeup skirtsandwoman sshoes itisconsideredveryhumorous Theaudienceisencouragedtocheertheheroonandboowhenthevillainappears AnotherBritis
8、hChristmastraditionistoheartheQueengiveherChristmasmessagetoherrealmovertheTVandradio Sheusuallytalksabouttheyearthathaspassedandexpressesherhopesforthefuture AthirdBritishtradition whichisalsocelebratedincountrieswithBritishheritages is BoxingDay WhichfallsonthedayafterChrismas PeopleusedtogiveChri
9、stmasgiftsormoneytotheirstafforservantsonthisday Andnowtheymostlydoshopping payvisits enjoyeatingorjustrelax Easter Thisfestivaloccursinthespring whichcommemoratesthecrucifixionandresurrectionofJesusChrist ItisthemostimportantChristianfestivalformanychurch goers TheEasteregg originallyaChristiansymb
10、olofnewlife isthemainsymbolofEasterformostpeople RabbitsandchicksarealsoanimalstraditionallyassociatedwithEaster Non Christianfestivalsandholidays RamadanItisatraditionalIslamicfestival afastwhichlasts29daysduringwhichnothingcanbeeatenordrunkbetweendawnandnightfall andendswithafestival ChineseNewYea
11、r dragondance fireworks paradesandfamilycelebrations NationalHolidays ItisanofficialcelebrationfortheQueen sBirthdayonthesecondSaturdayinJunearoundBuckinghamPalaceinLondon ThisceremonyoftheQueeninspectinghertroopsderivesfromoldmilitarytraditionsinwhichregimentalflagswereparadedbeforethemonarch Early
12、inVictoria sreign itwasdecidedthatthisceremonyshouldbeheldonthesovereign sbirthday BritishdiplomatsabroadwilloftenhaveaspecialpartyoreventtocelebratetheQueen sbirthday England BonfireNight GuyFawkesNight andthetraditions ItisatrulyEnglishholidaycelebratedinNovember Itoriginatesfromthe1605GunpowderPl
13、ot aplantoblowuptheBritishParliament killtheProtestantKingandreplacehimwithaCatholicking Peoplecelebrateitbyhavingpublicbonfiresandfireworks Astraweffigycalledthe Guy oneoftheconspiratorsGuyFawkes isthrownonthebonfire ThebiggestBonfireNightcelebrationisheldinLewes 伊莉莎白一世上任時 制定了许多法条以反罗马天主教 GuyFawkes是
14、天主教组织的一员 他深深感觉英政府对待罗马天主教徒的不公平 因此他们期待英王詹姆士一世可以改善这种情況 但是他并沒有 GuyFawkes参与了由RobertGatesby领导的谋反组织 密谋杀死詹姆士一世 首先 他们买下一栋紧临国会大廈的房子 这栋房子有个地窖可以通往国会大廈 于是他们准备了充足的火药藏在地窖里 准备于11月5日英王詹姆士与他的亲信们在国会大廈召开会议时炸毀国会大廈与詹姆士GuyFawkes的工作就是看守这堆火药并负责点燃保险丝 但是 就在他炸毀国会大廈前 密谋被发现了 他被抓进大牢 在严刑拷打之下 供出了所有参与这项计划的人名 从此以后 英格兰毎年11月5日都会纪念这个日子
15、英格兰的大城小镇都会点燃营火 用来焚毀一座GuyFawkes的肖像 并施放烟火 以庆祝英王与国会大廈沒有被密谋给炸毀 NorthernIreland theOrangeMarchThisfestivalcomesfromthebattlesbetweenCatholicandProtestants In1688 WilliamofOrangewasinvitedtotakethethroneandtheCatholickingJamesIIwasdrivenintoexile In1690 hedefeatedJames forcesintheBattleoftheBoyne Thisvict
16、orysymbolizestheProtestant right tobeinIrelandandthedefeatofCatholicismasthenationreligion ItistheProtestant scelebrationoftheirvictoryattheBattleoftheBoyne 12July in1690 NorthernIrishCatholicscelebratethebirthdayofthepatronsaintofIreland StPatrick onMarch17eachyear PatrickwasaCatholicbishopwholivedinthe5thcenturyandisthoughttohavebroughtChristianitytoIreland Theshamrock 三叶草 爱尔兰国花 isapopularsymboltowearonStPatrick sDay anditisalsoconsideredveryluckytowearsomethinggreen StPatrick sDay Scotland Ho
