《不定式作宾补》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《不定式作宾补（9页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、动词不定式作宾语补足语的八种类型2014-04-08动词不定式在句子中可以用作宾语补足语，高中范围内，常用的“动词+宾语+不定式”的句子结构中。不定式作宾语补足语的有以下八种类型：(下列句子中划线部分作宾语补足语)一、许多动词可跟一个宾语 + to do构成句子，句中的不定式作宾语补足语；否定形式为“动词+宾语+not to do”。例如：My boss told me to type out two letters.分析：句中“My boss”做主语，“told”作谓语，“me”作宾语，划线部分作宾语补足语。请看下面的句子。They forbade her to leave the coun
2、try.Please remind me not to be late for the meeting.高中范围内，适用于“动词+宾语+(not)to do”的结构，不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：advise，allow，ask，beg，cause，direct，encourage，expect，forbid，force，invite，order，permit，persuade，remind，re-quest，require，teach，tell，want，warn等。二、有些动词可跟“宾语+to be”构成句子，句中的不定式作宾语补足语。例如：I consider him to be the
3、best candidate.分析：句中“I”做主语，“consider”作谓语，“him”作宾语，划线部分作宾语补足语。请看下面的句子。I know him to be a liar.I suppose him to be away from home.高中范围内，适用于“动词+宾语+to be”的结构，不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：consider，declare，discover，feel，find，suppose等。三、有些动词(感官动词和使动词)后可跟不带to的不定式构成句子，句中的不定式作宾语补足语。例如：He saw her enter the room.分析：句中“He”做主语，
4、“saw”作谓语，“her”作宾语，划线部分作宾语补足语。请看下面的句子。She wont let me do it.I heard her lock the door.We watched the children play games.高中范围内，适用于“动词+宾语+do”的结构，不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：feel，have，hear，let，make，notice，observe，see，watch等。还有两个词组：listen to，look at.注意:这类句子变为被动结构时，不定式前加to。请看下列句子，句中划线部分作宾语补足语。例如：A child was seen to en
5、ter the building.She was often heard to sing this song.四、help后的不定式可加to，也可不加to(美国人不加to时较多)，但被动结构中要加to。例如：Ill help you(to) push the cart.分析：句中“I”做主语，“will help”作谓语，“you”作宾语，划线部分作宾语补足语。上句的被动语态为：Youll be helped to push the cart.五、有些“动词+介词”的结构后也可跟不定式构成句子，句中的不定式作宾语补足语。例如：He shouted to me to come over.分析：句
6、中“He”做主语，“shouted”作谓语，“to”为介词，“me”作宾语，划线部分作宾语补足语。请看下列句子，句子的结构为“动词+介词+宾语+to do”，划线部分为不定式，作宾语补足语。请看下面的句子。I depend on you to do it.I am counting on you to help me through.高中范围内，适用于“动词+介词+宾语+to do”的结构，不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：shout to sb.to do，call on sb. to do，count on sb. to do，depend on sb. to do，wait for sb. t
7、o do等。六、作宾语补足语的不定式，表示的动作在谓语所表示情况之前发生，就需要用完成形式：He was known to have worked for the International Olympic Committee.分析：句中“He”做主语，“was known”作谓语，使用了被动语态。由句意可知，“为国际奥委会工作”发生在前，“大家知道”发生在后。故不定式部分用完成形式，在句中作宾语补足语。请看下面的句子。They are believed to have discussed the problem.七、作宾语补足语的不定式，表示一个正在进行的动作时需用进行形式：He is be
8、lieved to be living in Mexico.分析：句中“He”做主语，“isbelieved”作谓语，使用了被动语态。由于句子表达主语现在正在发生的情况，故用不定式的进行形式，句中划线部分作宾语补足语。请看下列句子。Thousands were reported to be working in concentration camps.He is thought to be hiding in the woods.间或不定式作宾语补足语也可用于完成进行时。例如：She is said to have been doing this work for twenty years.八
9、、不定式作宾语补足语的被动形式：he didnt want her son to be taken away.分析：句中“She”做主语，“didnt want”作谓语，“her son”作宾语，由于“her son”与“take away”之间为被动关系，故用被动形式，句中划线部分作宾语补足语。请看下列句子。Id like this room to be redecorated.He didnt wish the subject to be mentioned in the letter.116. Soon they saw the boy _ in the crowd.A. disappe
10、arB. to disappearC. disappearsD. disappeared117. Did you notice the little boy _ away?A. took the candy and runB. take the candy and runC. taking the candy and runD. who taking the candy running118. I heard him _ so.A. saysB. sayingC.sayD. said119. Shall we go and listen to the reviewers _ on the ne
11、w film?A. to commentB. commentC. commentingD. being comment120. Professor Black had us _ compositions every Friday.A. to writeB. writtenC. writeD. writing121. Mrs Smith made her pupils _ the text three times a week.A. reciteB. recitedC. recitingD. to recite122. Will you _ me _ out this problem mysel
12、f?A. permit, workingB. let, workC. allowed, to workD. forbid, to work123. She was seen _ model ships in the room.A. madeB. to makeC. makesD. make124. Birds are seldom heard _ at night.A. singB. singingC. to singD. to be singing125. The airplane was noticed _ at six.A. take offB. to take offC. get of
13、fD. to get off126. Mr Crossett was made _ his teaching because of his poor health and old age.A. give upB. give inC.to give upD. to give in127. The book is said _ into many foreign languages.A. to have been translatedB. to have translatedC. to be translatingD. having been translated128. The Marquis
14、was thought _ some terrible wrongs to his tenants.A. of doing B. that he had doneC. to have doneD. to have been done129. The teacher asked him _.A. to repeat the sentence againB. repeat the sentenceC. he would repeat the sentence once moreD. to repeat the sentence130. The doctor advised Lao Li _ more rest.A. that he get B. to get
