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1、Module 8 Unit 4 Pygmalion 语法课 单元语法：过去分词作状语学习目标：掌握过去分词作状语时的功能、位置及与状语从句的转换。重点语法解说：一、过去分词作状语时的功能及位置1. 过去分词作状语，修饰谓语动词，进一步说明谓语动词的动作和状态，即动作发生时的背景或状况，其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语，且主语是过去分词动作的承受者，即过去分词表示的动作不是句子的主语发出的；过去分词与主语之间是动宾关系，即被动关系。如：Built thirty years ago, the house looks very beautiful. 尽管这座房子是30年前被建造的，它看起来依然很漂亮。2
2、. 过去分词短语作条件、原因及时间状语时，通常放在句首；作让步状语时，一般放在句首，有时也放在句末；作方式状语时，一般放在句末，有时也放在句首；作伴随、结果状语时，通常放在句末。二、 与状语从句的转换1. 过去分词短语作时间状语，可转换为when, while或after等引导的状语从句。如：Seen from the top of the hill, the park looks more beautiful.When it is seen from the top of the hill, the park looks more beautiful. 从山上往下看，这座公园看起来更加漂亮。
3、2. 作条件状语，可转换为if, once或unless等引导的状语从句。如：United we will stand; divided we will fall.If we are united we will stand; if we are divided we will fall. 团结就是胜利；分裂必然失败。3. 作原因状语，可转换为as, since或because等引导的状语从句。如：Encouraged by the progress he has made, he works harder.As he is encouraged by the progress he has
4、made, he works harder. 由于受到所取得成绩的鼓舞，他工作更努力了。4. 作让步状语，可转换为although, though或even if等引导的状语从句。如：Although exhausted by the climb, we continued our journey.Although we were exhausted by the climb, we continued our journey. 我们虽然爬得很累，但我们仍然继续我们的旅程。5. 作方式状语，如有连词as if，就转换为as if引导的方式状语从句；若无连词，则转换为并列结构。如：He bega
5、n to cry as if bitten by a snake.He began to cry as if he was bitten by a snake. 他大叫起来，好像被蛇咬了。6. 作伴随状语，一般转换为并列结构。如：Aunt Wu came in, followed by her daughter.Aunt Wu came in, and (she) was followed by her daughter. 吴大娘走进来，（她）后面跟着她的女儿。 预习自测题 单句语法填空 (用过去分词或现在分词的正确形式填空)1. _ (give) more attention, the tr
6、ee could have grown better. (90全国) 2. The computer center, _ (open) last year, is very popular among the students in this school (93全国) 3. The first textbooks _ (write) for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.(94全国) 4. _ (lose) is thought, he almost ran into the car i
7、n front of him.(96全国) 5. _ (suffer) such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river. (01全国夏) 6. The researcher is so designed that once _ (begin) nothing can be done to change it.(02全国) 7. _ (find) in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United State
8、s.(00上海) 8. When _(complete), the museum will be open to the public next year. (02上海春) 9. Prices of daily goods _ (buy) through a computer can be lower than store prices.(02京皖春) 10. Dont use words, expressions, or phrases _ (know) only to people with specific knowledge. (02上海) 11. Unless _ (invite)
9、to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.(03上海春) 12. Friendship is like money: easier made than _(keep) . (03北京) 13. Mr. Smith, _ (tire) of the _ (bore) speech, started to read a novel. (03北京春) 14. _ (give) time, hell make a first-class tennis player. (03北京) 课堂检测题根据汉语提示用含过去分词的表达完成下列句子。(每
10、空一词)1._ _ _ _ _ (对他所做的事情满意)，the teacher praised him in class.2. _ _ _ _ (在夜晚看时), lights on top of tall buildings look like stars in the sky.3. _ _ _ (即使训练) for ten hours every day, he will still be a fool.4. _ _ (一旦出版), this book will be popular with the students. 当堂训练题句型转换(转换成与非谓语对应的状语从句)1.Supporte
11、d by his parents, he managed a store successfully._, he managed a store successfully.2.Praised by the public, he still felt that he should work harder._, he still felt that he should work harder.3.Having said what he wanted to say, he went away._, he went away.4.Hit by a car, he almost lost his life
12、._, he almost lost his life.课后练习题一、语法填空(用非谓语动词的正确形式填空填空)Albert Einstein was one of the greatest scientists ever_1_ (know) in the world, yet there was something _2_ (surprise) about him.Once, _3_ (catch) in a storm, he took off his hat and held it under his coat. _4_ (ask) why, he explained, with adm
13、irable logic, that the rain would damage the hat instead of his hair. That ability for _5_ (go) instinctively to the heart of a matter was the secret of his major scientific discoveriesthis and his extraordinary feeling for beauty.Another time, in his first year in Princeton, on Christmas eve, some
14、children sang carols outside his house. _6_ (finish) them, they knocked on his door and explained what they were doing was collecting money _7_ (buy) Christmas gifts. After _8_ (hear) that, Einstein said, “Wait a moment.” He put on his scarf and overcoat, and _9_ (take) his violin from his case. Then, _10_ (join) the children, h
