《人教版八年级英语（上册）单词_短语_句型和语法总结》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《人教版八年级英语（上册）单词_短语_句型和语法总结（21页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、 . Unit1 Where did you go on vacation?【重点语法】不定代词：不指名代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。用法注意：1. some 和any +可数名/不可数名。some 多用于肯定句，any多用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句 。有些问句中用some,不用any, 问话者希望得到对方肯定回答。2. 由some, any, no, every 与 body, one, thing构成的复合不定代词作主语时，其谓语动词用三单。3. 不定代词若有定语修饰，该定语要置于其后：如：something interesting【重点短语】1. buy sth for a
2、b./ buy sb. sth 为某人买某物2. taste + adj. 尝起来3. nothing.but + V.(原形) 除了之外什么都没有4. seem + (to be) + adj 看起来5. arrive in + 大地方 / arrive at + 小地方 到达某地6. decide to do sth. 决定做某事7. try doing sth. 尝试做某事 / try to do sth. 尽力做某事8. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事9. want to do sth. 想去做某事10. start doing sth. 开始做某事=begin doin
3、g sth.11. stop doing sth. 停止做某事区分： stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事12. dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事14. so + adj + that + 从句 如此以至于16. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要） 做某事17. keep doing sth. 继续做某事18. forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事 / forget doing sth 忘记做过某事【词语辨析】1. take a photo/ take photos 拍照quite a few+名词复数 “许多”2. s
4、eem + 形容词 看起来. You seem happy today.seem + to do sth. 似乎/好像做某事 I seem to have a coldIt seems + 从句 似乎. It seems that no one believe you.seem like . 好像，似乎. It seems like a good idea.3. arrive in +大地点= get to= reach+地点名 “到达.”arrive at +小地点 （注：若后跟地点副词here/there/home, 介词需省略，如： arrive here; get home）4. fe
5、el like sth感觉像feel doing sth. 想要做某事5. wonder（想知道）+疑问词（who, what, why)引导的从句。6. because of +名/代/V-ingbecause+从句He cant take a walk because of the rain.I dont buy the shirt because it was too expensive.7. enough +名词 足够的.形容词/副词+enoughUnit2 How often do you exercise?【重点语法】1. 频率副词:always, usually, often,
6、sometimes, never频率副词在句中通常放在实义动词之前, be动词或助动词之后。常用于一般现在时态中。2.“次数”的表达方法一次once，两次twice，三次或三次以上：基数词+times, 如：threetimes, fivetimes,3. how often“多久一次”问频率，回答常含有频率词组或短语。常见的how疑问词：1）How soon 多久（以后）How soon will he be back?他多久能回来？He will be back in a month.他一个月后能回来。2）how long “多久”How long did it take you to c
7、lean the house? 你打扫房子用了多久？It took me half an hour to clean the house. 我打扫这房子用了半小时。3）How many+名复How much+不可名“多少” 问数量（how much 还可问价格）【重点短语】1. go to the movies 去看电影2. look after = take care of 照顾3. surf the internet 上网4. healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式5. go skate boarding 去划板6. keep healthy=stay healthy 保持健康
8、7. eating habits 饮食习惯8. take more exercise 做更多的运动9. the same as 与什么相同10. be different from 不同11. once a month一月一次12. twice a week一周两次13.make a difference to 对.有影响/作用14. most of the students=most students15. shop=go shopping=do some shopping 购物16. be good for 对.有益17. be bad for 对.有害18. come home from
9、 school放学回家19. of course = certainly = sure 当然20. get good grades 取得好成绩21.keep/be in good health 保持健康22. take a vacation 去度假【词语辨析】1. maybe / may bemaybe 是副词，意为“大概，可能，或许”，一般用于句首。May be是情态动词，意为“可能是.，也许是.，大概是.”.The baby is crying.Maybeshe is hungry.The womanmay bea teacher.2. a few / few / a little / l
10、ittlea few (少数的，几个，一些)a little (一点儿，少量)表示肯定few (很少的，几乎没有的)little (很少的，几乎没有的)表示否定修饰可数名词修饰不可数名词People can live to 100, but fewpeople can live to 150.There islittletime left. I wont catch the first bus.Could you give mea littlemilk?3. hard / hardlyhard作形容词，意为“困难的，艰苦的，硬的”；作副词，意为“努力地，猛烈地”。hardly为副词，意为“几乎
11、不”。The ground is toohardto dig.I canhardlyunderstand them.Its raining hard. The people canhardlygo outside.4. As for homework , most students do homework every day . as for.意思是“至于；关于”，+名词、代词或动词的-ing形式（即动名词）。如：As for him，I never want to see him here.至于他，我永远不希望在这里见到。As for the story，youd better not be
12、lieve it.关于那故事，你最好不要相信。5. That sounds interesting.这是“主语+系动词+表语”结构的简单句。sound（听起来），look（看起来），smell（闻起来），taste（尝起来），feel（觉得），seem（好象），grow（变得）,get（变得）等词在英语中可用作系动词，后跟形容词作表语。如：It tastes good. 这味道好。The music sounds very sweet. 这音乐听起来很入耳。The smoke grew heavier and heavier. 烟雾变得越来越浓了。6. percent 名词，意为“百分之”百分
13、数的表示方法：基数+ percent (不用复数形式)，percent做主语时，谓语动词的数要根据其后面的名词来确定。50：fifty percent百分之五十Fifty percent of the apples are bad. 50%的苹果都坏了。Twenty percent of the meat is in the fridge.20%的肉都在冰箱7. not at all 意为“一点也不”，not应放在be动词、情态动词或助动词之后。The story isnt interesting at all. 那个故事一点也没有趣。8.It is + adj. to do sth. 做某事
14、是的。It is interesting to play computer games. 玩电脑很有趣。9.take, spend, payIt takes sb. some time to do sth. 意为“花费某人时间来做某事”。人(sb.) spend 时间/钱 on sth. “买某物花了钱”。人(sb.) spend 时间/钱(in) doing“花费多少时间来做某事”。pay 的主语必须是人，而“花钱买某物”为pay.for.10. however 副词，意为“然而，可是”，表示转折关系，可放在句首、句中、句末。Unit3 Im more outgoing than my sister.【重点语法】1. 形容词和副词的比较等级（1）形容词和副
