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1、选修六第四单元学案讲义（高楠）考纲词汇分类一、 形容词、副词分类：1、 average adj. 平均的（参看世纪金榜）2、 mild adj. 温和的；温柔的；淡的1) 温和的,温柔的He is the mildest man alive. 他是世上最和善的人了。 2) 温暖的,暖和的Its been a mild winter this year. 今年的冬天一直很暖和。 3) 味淡的,不浓烈的Please make my drink a mild one. 请把我的酒调得淡一点。 4) 轻微的,不重的;宽大的He was given a mild punishment. 他被从轻发落。
2、3、 steady adj.平稳的；持续的；稳固的 steady-steadily 平稳的，持续的，可靠地，稳固的He has made a steady decisionThere has been a steady increase in car production in the past 6 months.Zhang Feng is a steady young man.Please keep the ladder steady.Wedrove at a steady speed.a steady job/income稳定的工作/收入a steady worker可靠的工人steady
3、 rain连绵的雨4、 widespread adj.分布广的；普遍的 widespread 分布广的，普遍的The forests are widespread in our country. 我们的国家森林分布很广。The new laws gained widespread acceptance. Their suggestion met with widespread disagreement普遍的There was a widespread belief in his innocence5、 casual adj. 随便的；漫不经心的casual adj. 随便的漫不经心的偶然的，休
4、闲的便装的His casual manner annoyed me .他无所谓的态度令我恼火.Dont be casual about this.不要对此漠不关心6、 outer adj. 外部的，外面的7、 electrical adj.电的；与电有关的8、 nuclear adj.核的；核能的；原子核的9、 per adj. 每，每一二、 名词分类：1、quantity n 量，数量（参看世纪金榜）2、tendency倾向 趋势She has artistic tendencies. 她有艺术气质。There is a growing tendency for people to work
5、 at home instead of in offices. Mary is nice but she has a tendency to talk too much.有倾向; +to/towardHe has a tendency towards pessimism. 他有悲观的倾向。 Bob has a tendency to exaggerate things. 鲍勃有爱夸张的倾向。 trend tendency current:这些名词均含“趋势，倾向”之意。3、trend: 指事物发展总的方向、倾向或趋势。A recent trend in literature, fashion
6、trendtendency: 指固有或习得的倾向性，强调没有外来的影响或干扰。current: 指向某一方面发展或在确趋向中行动4、phenomenon （pl. phenomena） n. 现象; 奇迹; 罕见的人才或事物eg: 雨雪是天气现象。Rain and snow are phenomena of the weather.eg: 不应该简单地视未婚妈妈为一种社会现象。Unmarried mothers should not be regarded simply _.eg: 贝多芬是音乐家中的天才。Beethoven was _ among musicians. 答案：as a soc
7、ial phenomenon a phenomenon5、contributioncontribution - contribute -contribute to He has/makes an important contribution to the companys success.根据语境猜测词义：1）He contributed a great deal of money to the Red Cross. 2）She has been contributing to the paper for 5 years. 3）Exercises contributed to our heal
8、th. 答案：捐钱/ 投稿/ 有助于6、 state-statement根据语境猜测词义：1）The witness stated that she had never seen Mr. Smith2）Ice is the solid state of water . 3）In china, the railway are owned by the state. 4）There are 50 states in America5）Everything was in a state of disorder. 答案：陈述;声明;说明/形态/国家,政府/状态The president has mad
9、e an important statement about the matter.state是常用词，只人或物所处的外表、心理、健康及所处的情形等方面的情况，但不如condition具体，只用作单数形式。The house was in a dirty state. condition是常用词，用作单数形式，表示人或物目前所处的真实具体状态，尤指内在状态，可与state替用；eg. be in poor/good condition 用作复数形式时，笼统地表示一般状态。eg. poor working conditions situation是一般用词，尤指处于某时期的状况，处境，局面，形势
10、。指各种具体情况综合起来的状态，多指危急或重大的事态，强调外部因素对该事态的影响，常用作单数形式。 eg.find oneself in an embarrassing situationposition 有利的状况（如竞争中或战争中的）(尤作单数)处境，情势（尤指影响某人行为的能力）eg.I am not in a position to help you.我帮不了你。7、consequence n. 结果；后果；影响in consequence = as a consequence 因此；结果in consequence of as a consequence of 因为；由于, 因为的缘
11、故 take/bear the consequences of 承担的后果answer for the consequence 对后果负责(be) of little/no consequence 不重要的, 无足轻重的He broke the law, and now he must face/take/suffer the consequences of his action. 他违犯了法律, 现在他必须为他的行为承担后果。Your opinion is of little consequence to me. 你的观点对我来说不重要。She was over the age limit;
12、 _ _ _, her application was rejected. 她超龄了；因此, 她的申请被拒绝了。Jack failed to pass the exam _ _ _/_ _ _ _ being lazy in study. 由于在学习上的懒惰, 杰克没通过考试。 答案：as a consequence，as a consequence of【高考链接】(2011江苏高考)Teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional _. A. conseque
13、nce B. independence C. competence D. intelligence【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。句意：教师要不断地更新他们的知识以保持他们的专业技能。consequence结果；independence独立；competence技能, 技巧；intelligence智能, 智慧。8、commitment n. 承诺；交托；主张承诺;责任;义务A commitment is something which regularly takes up some of your time because of an agreement you have made or b
14、ecause of Ive got a lot of commitments.试翻译：If you make a commitment to do something, you promise that you will do it. 【搭配模式】: usu N to-inf, N to no 【语法信息】: FORMALWe made a commitment to keep working together.我们承诺继续合作。commit (查动词用法) ：commit a crime 9、 graph n. 图表；坐标图；曲线10、fuel n. 燃料11、data n.数据12、flood n. 洪水；水灾13、existence n. 写出其动词形式 come into existence= 形成14、 pollution15、 growth16、 can17、 educator/ education/educate18、microwave形近考纲词：microscope19、presentation( 非考纲词汇)写出其动词形式： 20、disagreement n. 分歧；不一致三、动词分类：1、range vi/ vt. 种类；范围（参考世纪金榜）2、tend vi. 趋向；易于；照顾/ vt.照顾；护理名词：- tendency tend
