《初中英语知识要点汇总（四）.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《初中英语知识要点汇总（四）.doc（18页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、初中英语知识要点汇总（四）41.all / each / both / none / either / neither不定代词或形容词的用法： All boys / All of the boys are from China. （all 若接可数复数， 谓语也用复数。）All of the water is polluted. （若接不可数，谓语用单数。） Each boy / Each of the boys has a different bag. each接名词单数或接of + 限定词+复数，其后谓语都用单数。 Both of the twins are clever. 后面谓语用复数
2、。 None of the students has / have been there before. none +of +限定词+复数, 谓语用单、复数都可。另见88. -When shall we meet, Saturday or Sunday? -Either day is OK. / Either of the days is OK. 谓语用单数。 -When shall we meet, Saturday or Sunday? -Sorry, I have to look after my mother these two days. That is, neither time
3、is OK. / neither of the days is OK. 谓语用单数。 【 all / each / none分别指三者或更多中的“都” / “每一个”/“没有一个”。 both / either / neither分别指两者中“都”/“任何一个”/“没有一个” 】42.计量表达法：数量+单位+形容词。 The street is two kilometers long.That boy can jump four meters away.（此处不用far, 见49） The fish is five kilos heavy.The street is forty meters
4、wide. This baby is only six months old. 若计量表达的后面跟有名词，则要用连字符，单位不用复数。 They dug an eight-meter-deep hole. /. I bought a 10-kilo-heavy fish. Its a piece of 2-meter-thick ice. / They built a 50-meter-wide street.Its a two-month holiday. She is a three-child mother. (最后两句计量中省略了形容词)43. Must I / May I / Nee
5、d I ? 用法：Must I ? “我必须吗？” A: Must I finish the work? B: Yes, you must. / No, you neednt. Need I? “我有必要吗？”或“我需要吗？” A: Need I clean the house? B: Yes, you must. / No, you neednt. May I ? “我可以吗？”表示请求。A: May I go out for a walk now? B: Yes, you can. / No, you mustnt / cant.44.hundred / thousand / millio
6、n / billion: 前有具体数字，这些词不加s及of. 如：nine hundred people, ten thousand students等。 这些词前若无具体数字，后加s和of. 如：thousands of trees; many millions of people; hundreds of cars; billions of stars但前若有several, 后常不加s和of：several million pounds45.反意疑问句 (此处用QT表示反意疑问句后一部分内容) 的部分用法:something, nothing, anything, everything作
7、主语，QT主语用it. Something is wrong, isnt it? / Nothing is difficult, is it? 当主句中think的主语是第一人称时，QT要结合think后的从句而定：I think Lucy can do well in the exam, cant she? I dont think he will come here on time, will he? 祈使句的QT一般用will you?（包括let us .）, 而Lets 用shall we? Get up now, will you? Dont be noisy, will you?
8、 Be quiet, will you? Please dont talk, will you? Let us do it now, will you? Dont talk in class, will you?Lets do it now, shall we? Lets sing a song, shall we?There be句型，QT主语用there.There is a man working in the field, isnt there?There used to be a meeting on Friday, didnt there?There wont be a movie
9、 in the theatre, will there?46.put on, wear, dress, in: put on,“穿上”后接物。表行为，是短暂动词。You should put on your coat when you leave.wear,“穿，穿着”后接物，表状态，是延续性动词。He always wears the yellow sweater in winter. I like wearing beautiful clothes.dress, “给穿衣”后接人。You can dress yourself, baby.Lucy is dressing her littl
10、e brother now.be dressed in后常接具有某种特征的衣物。也可直接加表示颜色的词。The lady is dressed in a white skirt. The students are all dressed in yellow. get dressed “穿好衣服”，常不接宾语: He went out as soon as he got dressed.dress up (as) .“装扮（成）.” He dressed up as a clown. 他装扮成小丑。in, “穿着”后接具有某种特征的衣物，表状态，是介词，不可作谓语，可作状语。也可以直接加表示颜色
11、的词。 The woman in a white skirt is my teacher. Do you know the girl in a red coat? （你认识那个穿着红外套的姑娘吗？）I want to talk to the boy in black. (我想找那个穿着黑衣服的男孩谈谈。)47.虚拟语气部分用法：在非真实条件句中要用虚拟语气，即if 从句中用一般过去时，而主句动词用would / should + 动词原形，表示与现在相反的主观设想，也可以表示在说话人看来实现的可能性很小的情况。（注意：虚拟语气中的be动词都要用were.） If there were no a
12、ir, people would die. (与现在事实相反) If I got rich, I would travel around the world. (可能性很小)48.other / others / the other / the others / another: 如果不特定指出哪一个，是泛指，“另一个”要用another, 后加可数名词单数。If you are still thirsty, you may have another cup of tea. （没特定指出哪一杯茶，是泛指。cup是单数。） another也可+数字+可数复数：The meeting will l
13、ast another two hours. （再持续两小时）We need another six desks. (此处两句分别相当于：two more hours; six more desks.)如果只有两个或只有两部分，就给出了范围，其中另一个或另一部分是特指 (other前有the.)， 有如下用法：第一种，所说内容只有两个：Mrs. Green has two sons, one is interested in math, the other (one / son) is good at science. 【只有两个，用the other, 不加s, 后面名词可省略。】又如：Th
14、is pair of shoes is strange. One is blue, yet the other is green. “这双鞋子很怪，一只蓝色，而另一只绿色。” 第二种，只有两部分：此种情况下the other后接可数名词复数，或不接名词而只在the other后加s. Two children went there, but the other children / the others stayed.Two fifths of the students in our class are boys, the other students / the others are gir
15、ls. 如果没有显示出只有两部分，未给出范围，则是泛指，不加the. Lei Feng liked helping other people / others. Do you have any other questions? Alice didnt like that dress, so she asked to see some others. other的另一用法：用比较级的形式，体现最高级的含义。 He is taller than any other boy in his class. (划线中boy常用单数) = He is taller than all ( of ) the other boys in his class. (划线中boy用复数) 他比班里任何男孩都高（他是班里男孩中最高的）。49.how long / how often / how soon / how far: how long 是对长度或时间段提问。How long is the river? -Its 5,000 kilometers long. (对长度提问) How long have you lived th
