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1、Unite 5Part one12345678910CDBCBDBBCAPart two123456789ACDBAACDAPart three12345678910DBBBCDBBAA1112131415ABBBDPart four The military aspect of the United States Civil War has always attracted the most attention from scholars. The roar of(1) gunfire, the massed movements of(2) uniformed men, the shrill
2、 o f bugles, and the drama of hand to hand combat have(3) facinated students of warfare for a century. Behind the (4)lines, however, life was less spectacular. It was the story of (5)back breaking labor to provide the fighting men with food and arms, of nerve tingling uncertainty about the course of
3、 national events, of (6)heartbreak over sons or brothers or husbands lost in (7)battle. If the men on the firing line won the victories, the (8)means to those victories were forged on the home front.(9) Never in the nations history had Americans worked harder for victory than in the Civil War. North
4、erners and Southerners alike threw themselves into the task of supplying their respective armies. Both governments made tremendous demands upon civilians and, in general, received willing cooperations. By 1863 the Northern war economy was rumbling along in high gear. Everything from steamboats to sh
5、ovels was needed and produced. Denied Southern cotton, textile mills turned to wool for blankets and uniforms. Hides by the hundreds of thousands were turned into shoes and harness and saddles; ironworks manufactured locomotives, ordnance, armor plate. Where private enterprise lagged, the government
6、 set up its own factories or arsenals.(10) Agriculture boomed, with machinery doing the job of farm workers who have been drawn into the army. In short, everything that a nation needed to fight a modern war was produced in uncounted numbers. Inevitably there were profiteers with gold headed canes an
7、d flamboyant diamond stickpins, but for every crooked tycoon there were thousands of ordinary citizens (11)living on fixed incomes who did their best to cope with rising prices and still make a contribution to the war effort. Those who could bought war bonds; others knitted, sewed, nursed, or lent a
8、ny other assistance in their powerSome pessimistic historians think the whole society of man runs in cycles and that one of the phases is war.The(12) optimists,on the other hand,think war is not like an (13)eclipse (日食) or a flood or a spell of bad weather.They believe that it is more like a disease
9、 for which a (14)cure could be found if the (15)causes were known.Because war is the (16)ultimate drama of life and death stories and pictures of it are more interesting than those about peace.This is so true that all of us,and perhaps those of us in television more than most,are often (17)caught up
10、 in the action of war to the exclusion of the ideas of it.If it is true,as we would like to think it is,that our age is more (18)civilized than ages past,we must all agree that its very strange that in the twentieth century,our century,we have killed more than 70 million of our fellowmen on (19)purp
11、ose,at war.It is very strange that since 1900 more men have killed more other men than in any other seventy years in history. Probably the reason we are able to do both, that is,(20)believe on the one hand that we are more civilized and on the other hand wage war to killis that killing is not so per
12、sonal an affairas it once was.The enemy is invisible.(21) One man doesnt look another in the eye and kill him with the sword.The enemy dead or alive is largely unseen.He is killed by remote control: a loud noise,a distant puff of smoke and then silence. The pictures of the victims wife and children,
13、which he carries in his breast pocket,are destroyed with him.He is not heard to cry out.The question of compassion or pity or remorse does not enter into it.The enemy is not a man;he is a statistic.(22)It is also true that more people are being killed at war now than previously because were better at doing it than we used to be.One man with one modern weapon can kill thousands.
