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1、谓语动词的时态和语态一谓语的概念谓语动词指在句子中充当谓语的动词，有行为动词，系动词，情态动词和助动词等几种，其中行为动词又包括及物动词和不及物动词。谓语成分就是用来说明主语的动作或状态的，一般由动词或动词短语承担。如果句子中没有动词充当谓语的时候，就使用“be”动词。Toms garden is beautiful.My aunt always looks young. He cannot swim.Some women are washing clothes by the river.I have got a new job. We will visit the Great Wall to
2、morrow.The rabbit was shot dead.They will be invited to attend the meeting.The child opened his eyes, looking at his mother for a while.No one can avoid being influenced by advertisements.谓语动词的时态时态是英语谓语动词的一种形式,表示动作发生的时间和所处的状态.英语中的时态是通过动词形式本身的变化来实现的。英语有16种时态,但中学阶段较常用的有十种:一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时,过去将来时,现在进行时
3、,过去进行时,将来进行时,过去完成时,现在完成时和现在完成进行时.表一、谓语动词时态一览表时态谓语动词形式Be(动词)单数形式Be(动词)复数形式Write（普通动词）单数形式Write（普通动词）复数形式一般现在时am, is;are writes;write现在进行时am/is being;are beingam /is writingare writing现在完成时has been;have been has written;have written现在完成进行时has been writing,have been writing一般将来时am/is going to be;shall
4、be, will be; are going to beshall be, will be;am/is going to write, will write, shall write;are going to writewill write, shall write;将来进行时will be writingwill be writing一般过去时was;were wrotewrote过去进行时was being,were being; was writing were writing过去完成时had been, had beenhad writtenhad written 过去将来时would
5、 be was going to be would be, were going to bewould write, was going to write; would writewere going to write表二、 各种时态常用的时间状语时态时间状语一般现在时always, usually, often, constantly, frequently, sometimes, seldom, rarely, never, on Sundays, every morning,一般过去时yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in
6、 1982, just now, one day/ morning/evening现在进行时now, at present, currently, nowadays, at this moment 过去进行时this morning, the whole morning, all day, yesterday, from nine to ten, last year, when, while, as现在完成时recently, already, never, ever, just, yet, so far, up to now, by now, in/over the past/last 40
7、 years, always, ever since, since then, since+过去具体时间, for+一段时间,现在完成进行时all day/ morning/ night过去完成时by the end of last year/month/ week, two hours/ minutes/ days earlier, when, after, before, as soon as一般将来时next week, month, year, tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, in the future, in+一段时间, before+具体时间一般
8、现在时（the simple present tense）1. 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。时间状语： every, sometimes, on SundaysI leave home for school at 7 every morning. He sometimes stays in bed until lunch time.My mother never comes to see me. They often listen to the radio in bed.Mike usually goes to bed at 10 oclock. Our teacher
9、 frequently checks our homework.2. 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。 The earth moves around the sun. Laziness results in poverty.London stands on the Thames. Reading broadens ones horizon. 3. 表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情,下列动词：come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般现在时表将来。The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. When do
10、es the bus start? It starts in ten minutes.4. 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句，如果主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时来表示将来。If it rainstomorrow, I will stay at home. Ill let you knowas soon as he arrives.即时练：用括号中词语的正确形式填空AThe Sawyers live at 87 King Street. In the morning, Mr. Sawyer 1_ (go) to work and the children go to school. Their fa
11、ther 2_ (take) them to school every day. Mrs. Sawyer 3_ (stay) at home every day. She 4_ (do) the housework. She always 5_ (eat) her lunch at noon. In the afternoon, she usually 6_ (see)her friends. They often 7_ (drink)tea together. In the evening, the children 8_ (come) home from school. They arri
12、ve home early. Mr. Sawyer 9_ (come) home from work. He 10_ (arrive) home late. At night, the children always do their homework. Then they 11_ (go)to bed. Mr. Sawyer usually 12_ (read) his newspaper, but sometimes he and his wife 13_ (watch)television. BI carried my bag into the hall.“What are you do
13、ing?” my landlady 1_（ask）.“I am leaving, Mrs. Linch,” I answered.“Why are you leaving?” she asked. “You have been here only a week.”“A week 2_(be) too long, Mrs. Linch,” I said. “There 3_(be) too many rules in this house. My friends never 4_(come) to visit me. Dinner 5_(be) always at seven oclock, s
14、o I frequently 6_ (go) to bed hungry. You 7_(not like) noise, so I rarely 8 _(listen) to the radio. The heating 9_(not work), so I always 10 _(feel) cold. This is a terrible place for a man like me. Goodbye, Mrs. Linch.” 一般过去时（the simple past tense）一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为；过去主语所具备的能力和性格。1. 在特定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。时间状语有：just now, yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。Yesterday, hewroteaveryformalletterofapologytoDouglas.I borrowed three books from the library last week.2. 表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。Wh
