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1、中南民族大学 硕士学位论文 文化学视域下的伏羲女娲与亚当夏娃比较研究 姓名：叶婷 申请学位级别：硕士 专业：中国少数民族语言文学 指导教师：刘为钦 2011-05-25 中南民族大学硕士学位论文 I 摘 要 神话是远古先民以不自觉的艺术加工形式，感知、认识、言说世界的产物。 不同民族的神话粘附着不同民族远古时期物质和精神生活的信念。 解读不同民族 的神话，可以揭示不同民族文化的特质及走向。本文在文化学的视域下，以受罚 的视角为切入点，从受罚诱因、表象、结果、程度四个方面对伏羲女娲与亚当夏 娃神话进行比较研究，试图探讨华夏民族和希伯来民族不同的文化类型、婚姻观 念、思维习惯、民族性格与文化选择。
2、 全文共分七个部分: 绪论部分概述了选题缘由、 研究现状、 研究盲点， 确立了本论文的研究目标、 研究对象、研究方法、研究目的。 第一章探讨了伏羲女娲与亚当夏娃的神话叙述。华夏民族文化发展极不均 衡，伏羲女娲神话流布呈现零散的特点，本文分别从口头和文献，汉族和少数民 族两方进行分析，而希伯来文化思辨严谨，亚当夏娃神话多为体系式发展，具体 存于圣经旧约的创世纪中。 第二章通过伏羲女娲与亚当夏娃形象的比较，得出二者在神格、血缘关系以 及男权地位的崇尚等方面的相同点，同时，分析出两者在产生方式及社会地位的 不同，为后文的阐述奠定坚实的现实基础。 第三章以受罚型神话为视角，通过分析不同的受罚诱因、方式
3、、结果，了解 华夏民族和希伯来民族对待错误不同的处理方式，揭示其背后蕴藏的民族文化。 华夏民族文化具有儒释道背景，强调文化的教化作用；而希伯来民族文化具有原 罪背景，具有浓厚的宗教意韵，警示人类透视现世的罪恶，以求上帝的宽恕。 第四章分析差异存在的现实表现及成因。在文化身份上， 伏羲女娲神话代表 典型的农耕文明，亚当夏娃神话代表游牧文明；在哲学层面上，伏羲女娲神话强 调阴阳和谐，亚当夏娃神话强调人神对立。在宗教伦理层面上，伏羲女娲神话强 调天人合一，亚当夏娃神话强调原罪救赎；在美学意义上，伏羲女娲神话强调宁 静致远，亚当夏娃神话强调壮怀激烈之情。 第五章揭示伏羲女娲、亚当夏娃神话对后世的影响。
4、不同的自然条件与历史 发展进程，使得中西呈现相异的民族性格和思维方式，特别在婚恋观方面，存在 文化学视域下的伏羲女娲与亚当夏娃比较研究 II 显著的不同，华夏民族是伦常式婚姻，注重传宗接代；而希伯来民族追求灵肉和 谐、两性平等的爱情观。 最后一部分小结。 伏羲女娲与亚当夏娃神话作为华夏民族和希伯来民族文化 的源头，尽管二者在许多方面存在差异，但是都探讨了人类的同一性，即通过不 同的途径追求真善美。不同民族对现世生活有不同的理解，因此，多元文化可以 同生、共存、互补。 关键词：比较研究；文化价值；哲学意义；美学追求 中南民族大学硕士学位论文 III Abstract Myth is the pr
5、oduct which ancient people perceive and comprehend the world by unconscious art form. Unscrambling myth could grasp the characteristics and trends of national culture. The thesis takes culturology and perspective of punishment as the breakthrough point, comparing the myth of Fu Xi and Nv Wa with the
6、 myth of Adam and Eve, after analyzing the differences in incentives, punishment, results and the extent of punishment, reaching a conclusion that Chinese nation and the Hebrew nation have different cultural type, marriage concepts, ways of thinking, national character and cultural choice. The thesi
7、s is divided into seven sections. The introduction section explains the reason for choosing the topic, overviewing the researches about the myths of Fu Xi and Nv Wa, the myths of Adam and Eve, points out the blind spot of the research, establishing the research objects, research methods and research
8、 purposes. Chapter I discusses the narrations about the myth of Fu Xi and Nv Wa, the myth of Adam and Eve. The development of Chinese national culture is highly uneven, the myth of Fu Xi and Nv Wa presents the characteristics of scattered, and the thesis analyzes the narration in Han and ethnic mino
9、rities from the oral and documentary perspectives respectively. Hebrew culture is with exact speculation, the myth of Adam and Eve often develops systematically, specifically stored in the “ Genesis” in Old Testament Bible. Chapter II compares the images of Fu Xi and Nv Wa, Adam and Eve. Both of the
10、m are the same in divinity, kinship and respect for the status of male; while analyzes the differences in creative methods and social status, it lays a solid foundation in reality for later elaboration. Chapter III takes myths of punishment as perspective, analyzing different incentives, methods, re
11、sults, understanding different approaches towards mistakes in Chinese nation and the Hebrew nation, reveals its national culture. Chinese culture 文化学视域下的伏羲女娲与亚当夏娃比较研究 IV has a background of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, emphasizing the role of cultural enlightenment; while Hebrew culture has th
12、e background of original sin, with a strong religious meaning, warning people see through the sins in order to pray Gods forgiveness. Chapter IV analyzes the differences and causes in reality. In identification of culture, the myth of Fu Xi and Nv Wa represents the typical agricultural civilization,
13、 the myth of Adam and Eve is on behalf of nomadic civilization; in the philosophical level, the myth of Fu Xi and Nv Wa emphasizes harmony of yin and yang, the myth of Adam and Eve emphasizes the opposite between people and god. In Religious Ethics, the myth of Fu Xi and Nv Wa stresses the ideology
14、of “ nature and humanity” , the myth of Adam and Eve myth emphasizes the redemption for original sin; in the aesthetic sense, the myth of Fu Xi and Nv Wa stresses silent and restless, the myth of Adam and Eve emphasizes passions. Chapter V reveals the affects of the myth of Fu Xi and Nv Wa, the myth
15、 of Adam and Eve. Different natural conditions and historical developing process make the different national characters and way of thinking in Chinese and western cultures, especially in terms of love and marriage, in Chinese nation, the marriage is ethical marriage, focuses on carry on the family l
16、ine; while in Hebrew culture, people pursues love view contains the harmony of body and soul and equality of gender. The last chapter is the summary section. The myth of Fu Xi and Nv Wa, the myth of Adam and Eve are the source of Chinese culture and Hebrew national culture respectively. Although there are many differences, the study of human identity is the mutual theme, that is, the constant pursuit for tr
