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1、WANG Yao SDUT English Stylistics Chapter 4 Linguistic Description Contents Aims of stylistics in linguistic description 1 Levels of language2 Stylistic features 3 Practical description and analysis in this book 5 Procedure of linguistic description 4 4.1 The aims of stylistics in linguistic descript
2、ion oStylistics aims to provide na methodology of analysis na technique of description na procedure for stylistic significance oStylistics replaces a sporadic approach with a systematic one and seeks to avoid over-reliance on intuitive ability in stylistic analysis oThe ordered approach (p.42) 4.2 L
3、evels of language o3 aspects in a speech event nSubstantial, formal, situational oAspects of speech event are related to levels of language and linguistic description nSubstantial: phonology brings out a clear picture of the organization of thematic development nContrasts can be found in the linear
4、structure and the hierarchical structure; specific patterns of paragraphing (p. 61) 4.3 Stylistic features o4.3.3 Semantic level o4. discourse pattern nDiscourse: not only ordinary conversation and its context but also written communications between writer and reader; text nDiscourse organization pa
5、tterns 4.3 Stylistic features o5. rhetorical devices n2 types of figures of speech: scheme and trope nSchemes ofigures which arrange words into patterns of foregrounded regularity of form oForegrounded regularity of expression nTropes oFigures which twist words away from their usual meaning or collo
6、cations to produce deviations oForgrounded irregularity of content 4.3 Stylistic features o4.3.3 Semantic level oTrope o(1) figurative meaning nExtension of meaning a word or an expression through sense association nMake statements more concrete, lively, beautiful, rich in humor nMetaphor, personifi
7、cation, metonymy, synecdoche 4.3 Stylistic features o4.3.3 Semantic level oTrope o(2) absurdity nA combination of two expressions which are semantically incompatible (oxymoron) or a statement which is apparently self- contradictory (paradox) 4.3 Stylistic features o4.3.3 Semantic level oTrope o(3) h
8、onest deception nThe deliberate use of overstatement (hyperbole), or understatement (litotes), or words which are clearly opposite to what one really means (irony) 4.3 Stylistic features o4.3.3 Semantic level o6. semantic roles nThe way in which the referent of a nominal group contributes to the sta
9、te, action, or situation described by the sentence nThe semantic roles differ from the syntactic roles nAgent, patient, experiencer, possessor, recipient, instrument, cause, locative, temporal 4.4 Procedure of linguistic description o1. work systemically through the text and note down points we feel
10、 of some stylistic significance respectively under various headings o2. quantify the frequency of a linguistic feature o3. assess the importance of stylistic features o4. make statements about the overall linguistic picture of the text, bringing together diverse features to show how they form a cohe
11、rent, integrated pattern, and making judgments about or interpreting the significance of such patterns in relation to the context of the text 4.5 The practical description and analysis in this book o3 categories of varieties oTenor of discourse (informal vs. formal 5) oMode of discourse (spoken vs. written 6) oField of discourse (conversation 7, public speech 8, advertisement 9, news reporting 10, science theses 11, legalese 12, literature 13-16) Assigments oSo many terms!
