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1、初中英语外研版八年级下册高效课堂资料MU教学设计 作者： 日期：2 初中英语外研版八年级下册高效课堂资料Module 4 Seeing the doctorUnit3 language in use教学设计班级 姓名 小组 等级 【学习目标】现在完成时态的概念现在完成时态的结构现在完成时态的否定，疑问形式现在完成时态的用法现在完成时态与一般过去式的比较现在完成时态练习【教学重难点】现在完成时【课时安排】1课时【教学活动设计】【学习过程】 一、导入环节（2分钟） Step 1：Leadingin（导入）二、先学环节（10分钟）1.Language practiceI havent done mu
2、ch exercise since I got my computer last year.I have had him for three months now.Since then, it has become part of my life.3.Complete the sentences.1. I feel ill two days ago.So you have _ ill for two days?Thats right.2. I saw the doctor three days ago.So you havent _ her in the last three days?3.
3、Ill walk to school for the first time tomorrow.So youve never _ to school before?4. I came into hospital two days ago.So you have already _ in hospital for two days?5. How long _ you _ a headache?Oh, it began about two hours ago.3、 后教环节（15分钟）1.现在完成时的概念1）表示过去发生或已完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果；2） 表示过去已经开始并一直持续到现在的动
4、作或状态。 E.g. He has learned English since 2001.2.现在完成时的结构现在完成时的构成：Have/has + done规则动词(1)一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ”。 work-worked-worked ,visit-visited-visited (2)以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ”。 live-lived-lived (3)以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词，将 y 变为 i ，再加“ ed ”。 study-studied-studied ,cry-cried-cried (4)重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字
5、母，再加“ ed ”。 stop-stopped-stopped , drop-dropped-dropped 重点1：写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词Work _ _Live _ _Stay _ _Stop _ _Clean _ _Study _ _不规则动词AAA型 cost cost cost ；cut cut cut AAB型 beat beat beaten ABA型 run ran run； come came come become became becomeABB型 buy bought bought；build built builtABC型 begin began begun
6、； choose chose chosen3.现在完成时的否定与疑问现在完成时的否定式直接在助动词have或has后面加上not、疑问式是把助动词提到主语之前。例题Rewrite the sentences. 1. I have been to Shanghai before. (改为否定句) I _ _ been to Shanghai before.2. He hasnt come to school because he was ill. (就划线部分提问）_ _ he come to school?比较have been to/in和have gone tohave(has) been
7、 in表示“在某地呆多长时间”，常与表示一段时间的状语连用，如：since, for, how long 等。例如：Mr. Brown has been in Shanghai for three days. 布朗先生来上海已经有三天了。小结重点3 have been to/in和have gone to 的对比例题1. Jane has _ to BeiJing. She will come back tomorrow.A. been B. never been C. went D. gone 2. Hello, this is Mr. Green speaking. Can I speak
8、 to Mr. Black? - Sorry. He _ the Bainiao Park.A. has been to B. has gone to C. went to D. will go to3. -_ you ever _ to the US? - Yes, twice.A. Have, gone B. Have, been C, Do, go D. were, going4.现在完成时的用法1）现在完成时通常表示在说话之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响。 My daughter has just gone out. 我女儿刚出去。 Im s
9、ure weve met before. 我肯定我们以前见过面。Have you milked the cow yet?牛奶的奶挤了吗？I have never heard that before.我从没听说过。2）表示持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用，如recently, lately, for, since, 等。如： We havent seen you recently. 最近我们没有见到你。 They have been away for two years. 他们离开已经两年了。She has been with us since Monday.
10、她从周一开始就跟我们在一起了。注意：a)since和for的区别since后接时间点，如1993，last term, yesterday, the time I got there，Tuesday, October-“自从”for后接一段时间，表示“长达多久”，如ten years, a while, two days等。-“长达”重点4：since和for的区别1. Jim has been in Ireland _ Monday.2. Jill has been in Ireland _ three days.3. His aunt has lived in Australia _15
11、days.4. Mary is in her office. She has been there _ 7 oclock.5. India has been an independent country _1974.6. The bus is late. Theyve been waiting _ 20 minutes.7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty _ many years.8. Mike has been ill _a long time. He has been in hospital _ October.注意：
12、b)表示短暂意义的动词如arrive, leave, borrow, buy, begin, start, die等，在完成时当中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用（不能和since, for, how long 连用）。 注意： c)现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last year, in 1976, two days ago, just now5.现在完成时与一般过去时的比较1）一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作； 现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调影响。2）一般过去时 常与具体的表示过去的时间状语连用; 现在完
13、成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。3）现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know. 一般过去时常用的非持续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become,get married等。She joined the League three years ago. (加入的动作不是延续的) She has been in the League for three years (since three years ago). (在团内的状态可延续) She has been a League member for three years (since three years
