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1、Grammar,定语从句,The Attributive Clause,Grammar (5m),I have an apple.,The apple is red.,I have an apple,that/which is red.,修饰先行词 an apple,I like some friends.,Some friends like sports.,I like frineds,who/that like sports.,修饰先行词 friends,先行词,关系词,定语从句,Mary is a girl who has long hair.,关系代词,关系副词,事，物：which/
2、that/ whose/as 人：who/whom/whose/that/as,地点：where 时间：when 原因：why,一. 定语从句的基本定义,放在名词或代词后面，由关系代词或关系副词引导的修饰该名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。,被修饰的词叫先行词。,一. 定语从句的基本定义,二. 关系词的分类,关系代词,2. 关系副词,关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语，常用的关系代词有：that, which, who, whom, whose，as,关系副词在定语从句中作状语，常用的关系副词有：when, where, why,二. 关系词的分类,三. 关系代词的基本用法和注意点,1.
3、关系代词的基本用法,引导定语从句关系代词的用法： that which who whom whose,1.that在从句中作主语或宾语，指人和物,1)A plane is a machine that can fly.（ ）,2)The noodles that I cooked were delicious.（）,3)Lets ask the man that is reading the book over there.（）,4)The girl that we saw yesterday is Jim sister.（）,2. Which 在从句中作主语或宾语，指物,1) They pl
4、anted the trees which didnt need much water. ( ),3. who whom 在从句中分别作主语和宾语 (口语中who也可作宾语),1) The foreigner who visited our school yesterday is from Canada.（）,2) The fish which we bought were not fresh. （）,2) The boy who broke the window is called Michael.（）,4) Mr. Read is the professor to whom you sho
5、uld write . （）,3) The person to whom you just talked is Mr. Li. （）,2) This is the book whose cover is blue.,4. whose 在从句中作定语，指人或物,1) Miss Flower is the teacher whose house caught fire last week.,whose引导的定语从句注意点,whose引导定语从句，其后应紧跟名词，构成名词短语。,We live in a house whose windows face south.,whose的先行词指物时，可用o
6、f which代替，即 whose+名词 = of which+the+名词 The novel whose title is Red and Black is very interesting., whose引导的定语从句，其先行词既可以指人也可以是物。,=The novel of which the title is Red and Black is very interesting.,whose的先行词指人时，可用of whom代替，即 whose+名词 = of whom + the + 名词 = the+名词+of whom The boy whose mother is a doc
7、tor is my friend.,=The boy the mother of whom is a doctor is my friend.,1.Then, later that afternoon, another big quake _ _shookTangshan. 2.The army organized teams to dig out those_.,which was almost as strong as the first one,who were trapped and to bury the dead,Some sentences with atrributive cl
8、ause in the text,But the one million people of the city, _ _ were asleep as usual that night.,It was heard in Beijing, _,who thought little of these events,which is more than 200 kilometers away.,A huge crack _ _ cut across houses, roads and canals.,The number of people _ _ reached more than 400,000
9、.,that was eight kilometers long and thirty meters wide,who were killed or injured,带定语从句的谚语： 1. God helps those who help themselves. 自助者天助之。 2. He who laughs last laughs best. 谁笑到最后，谁笑的最好。 3. He who doesnt reach the Great Wall is not a true man. 不到长城非好汉。,Id like a room whose window looks out over th
10、e sea. Id like a room the window of which looks out over the sea. He has a friend whose father is a doctor. He has a friend the father of whom is a doctor.,that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下, 一般用that而不用which。,I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow.,Ive read all the books that are not mine.
11、,This is the first book (that) he has read.,This is the very book that belongs to him.,(1) 先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代词时。,(2)先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等 修饰时。,(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。,(4)先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。,NOTE,Are you cl
12、ear now? OK . Lets do some exercise!,Function-I-practice (3m),The scientist who we met yesterday is very famous whom that ,(2) The dress is new. She is wearing it.,The dress which she is wearing is new. that ,(1) The scientist is very famous. We met her yesterday.,巩固练习：1. 用定语从句合并句子,(3) He is the kin
13、d person. I have ever worked with him.,(4) This is the best film. I have ever seen this film.,He is the kind person who I have ever worked with. whom that ,This is the best film that I have ever seen. ,3. The house _ they built in 1987 stayed up in the earthquake.,Fill in the blanks with who, whom,
14、that, which or whose,1. The earthquake_ hit the city in 1906 was the biggest in American history.,2. We dont know the number of people _ lost their homes in 1906 earthquake,that / which,that / who,which /that,6. Harry is the boy _ mother is our maths teacher .,4. A house _ is built on sand may fall
15、down in a earthquake.,5. Luckily none of the people _ I know were killed in the earthquake .,which / that,who/whom/that,whose,Rose,the lady/meet Jack on Titanic,Rose was met Jack on Titanic,Jack,the young man /want to save Rose,the man /want to kill Jack,Cal,Jack was wanted to save Rose,Cal was wanted to kill Jack.,the lady who,the young man who,the man who,the ship/sink into the ocean,the ship/is the most beautiful in the world at that time,Titanic
