《高考英语 专题五 动词和动词短语课件》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高考英语 专题五 动词和动词短语课件（79页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、连系动词,连系动词按其所表示的意义可分为以下三种： 1.变化类表事物发展变化的过程，如become, go, turn, grow, get, fall等。 She grew rich within a short time. 她没多长时间就变得富有了。,He became famous as a writer.他成了著名作家。 His face went red with anger.他气得满脸通红。 【温馨提示】 turn, go后面跟可数名词单数作表语时，要省略不定冠词a/an。但名词前有形容词修饰时，则加冠词。 辨析 他成了作家。 He turned a writer.() He tu
2、rned writer.() He turned a great writer.() He turned great writer.(),2.感官连系动词，与人感觉器官有关的词。 感觉类表人体部位的感受，如feel, smell, taste, look, sound等。 Cotton feels soft.棉花摸起来软软的。 She looks very happy.她看起来非常高兴。 【温馨提示】 look, feel, smell, taste, sound作连系动词时，常用主动形式表示被动含义。 辨析 这花闻起来很香。 The flower is smelled sweet.() Th
3、e flower smells sweet.(),3.状态表象类连系动词 状态类表事物所处的状态，如keep, come, run, remain, stand, lie, stay, prove等。 He always keeps silent at meetings. 他开会时总保持沉默。 The weather still remained cold in April. 四月的天气仍然很冷。 He stayed single all his life.他打了一辈子的光棍。,【温馨提示】 连系动词的作用是后接形容词或相当于形容词的结构作表语。除了少数几个(如feel, get, becom
4、e, grow等)外，不用于进行时态和被动结构。 辨析 这种混合物味道不佳。 The mixture is tasted terrible.() The mixture tastes terrible.() 妈妈进来时吉姆假装睡觉。 Jim pretended to be falling asleep when his mother came in.() Jim pretended to fall/be asleep when his mother came in.(),Some people eat with their eyes. They prefer to order what_ (l
5、ook) nice. 解析 look为系动词，用主动形式表被动含义。句意：有些人用眼睛选择东西吃，他们喜欢点看起来好的菜。,looks,使役动词,常见的使役动词have, make, get, let的用法： 1.have/make/let sb do sth以及get sb to do sth 此结构表示“让某人干某事”。 The teacher had/made/let some students stay in the classroom after school. 放学后老师让一些学生仍待在教室里。,2.have/make/get sth (sb) done 此结构表示“让被做”。过去
6、分词充当宾语补足语，宾语与宾语补足语之间是被动关系。 She has/gets/makes her hair cut once a month. 她每月理一次头发。 3.have sth/sb doing sth 此结构表示“让(使)某人一直做某事”或“让(使)某物处于某种状态”。 The two men had their lights burning all night long. 那两个人让灯亮了一整夜。,make如果是被动语态时后面要用带to的不定式。 He was made to work day and night. 他被迫日夜工作。 have sb doing用于否定句，表示容忍
7、某人做某事之意，常与cant, wont等连用。 I wont have you doing that again. 我不允许你再那样做了。,(2011江苏，30)You look upset. Whats the matter? I had my proposal (turn) down again. 解析 句意：你看上去不高兴，怎么了？我的建议又被拒绝了。考查have sth done结构。,turned,实义动词的用法,实义动词是指具有完整意义，可以单独作谓语的动词。根据其在句中是否需要跟宾语，可分为及物动词和不及物动词；根据其所表示的动作是否具有延续性，可分为延续性动词和非延续性动词。
8、 1.及物动词和不及物动词 (1)能直接跟宾语的实义动词称为及物动词。及物动词 后可跟单宾语、双宾语和复合宾语。 He has two younger brothers. 他有两个弟弟。(单宾语),My parents bought me a nice backpack. 我父母给我买了一个好看的背包。(双宾语) Will you show me your ticket, please? 请把票给我看一下好吗？(双宾语) I find the book very interesting. 我发现那本书非常有趣。(复合宾语) Dont keep your children watching TV
9、 all the time. 不要让孩子一直看电视。(复合宾语),有时双宾语可变为加介词to或for的形式。 I gave each of the boys an apple. I gave an apple to each of the boys.我给每个男孩一个苹果。 I bought her a birthday present. I bought a birthday present for her.我给她买了一份生日礼物。,(2)不能直接跟宾语的实义动词称为不及物动词。若接宾语，要加介词。例如： Dont run.Theres plenty of time. 别跑。还有足够的时间。
10、The boy smiled when he saw his mother. 见到妈妈，小男孩笑了。 It is impolite to laugh at others. 嘲笑别人是不礼貌的。,【温馨提示】 及物动词的宾语变成主语该动词就要变成被动语态，但是，英语中有些动词可用其主动形式表达被动含义，可分为以下三种情况： (1)某些实义动词的主动形式后跟副词表示被动意义，这类动词有sell, wash, write, last, read, wear等。这种“动词副词”结构，常表示事物内部特有的属性。 This kind of cloth washes well and lasts long.
11、 The pen my father gave me as a birthday gift writes smoothly. Written in simple English, this article reads easily.,(2)某些及物动词转为不及物动词后，其主动形式表示被动意义，如open(打开，营业)，close(关门)，shut(关闭), cut(切割)，weigh(重)，act(上演)等。 The door wont shut.这门关不上了。 This shop opens much earlier than it used to. 这家商店比以前营业更早了。 Each s
12、tone weighs 2 tons.每块石头重达2吨。,(3)某些不及物动词，如happen, occur, come以及短语，如come out(出版), come up(出现), come into being(产生)，come to ones mind(想起), turn out(证明是), come about(发生)，break out(爆发), belong to(属于)等，本身表被动含义，所以它们常用主动形式。 Suddenly an idea came to his mind. 突然间他想起了一个主意。 It never occurred to me to phone you
13、. 我从来没有想到要给你打电话。,(1)The factory keeps up its good credit, so its products (sell) very well. 解析 句意：这家工厂保持着良好的信誉，因此它的产品卖得很好。sell表示主语属性，为不及物动词，无被动形式。,sell,2.延续性动词和非延续性动词 (1)延续性动词表示的动作可以延续，可与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。例如： The boy slept until seven oclock this morning. 那个男孩一直睡到今天早晨七点。 She has stayed here for two hour
14、s. 她在这里呆了两个小时了。,(2)非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词，表示的动作不可以延续，是在瞬间完成的，不能与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。常见的有： They didnt finish their homework until 12 oclock. 他们直到12点才完成家庭作业。 It began to rain at four oclock yesterday morning. 昨天早晨四点开始下雨的。,【温馨提示】 (1)在否定句中，非延续性动词也可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。 We havent met each other for many years. 我们已经很多年没有见
15、面了。 (2)非延续性动词一般不用于while引导的时间状语从句。 While the family came here from Japan，they were penniless. () When the family came here from Japan, they were penniless.当这一家人从日本来这里时，他们身无分文。 (),10个短暂性动词 开始离去，借来还， 参加人死，买到家， 诠释：10个动词为：begin, leave, go, borrow, come, return, join, die, buy, arrive。,翻译句子 (2)他们结婚已经十年了。
16、_ (3)他参军已经三年了。 _,They have been married for ten years.,He has been in the army for three years.,常见动词的固定结构,1.用于“动词sbofsth”结构的常见动词。 The police accused him of overspeeding. 警察指控他超速行车。,(1)The neighbor may you playing your radio too loudly. 解析 句意：你把收音机的音量开得那么大，邻居可能会控告你的。accuse sb of sth 意为“控告某人某事”。,Accuse of,2.用于“动词 sb for sth”结构的常见动词有：,(2)The poli
