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1、Lead-in,The background picture is the whole cosmoskzms/universe (宇宙).,What do you know about it?,Its the Galaxy(银河系).,Theyre planets(行星) and stars(恒星).,Its the black hole.,Its the solar system. Can you enumeratenju:mret(列举) the planets?,，,History of the Universe,Unit 4,Astronomy : the Science of the
2、 Stars,Science Subjects,Physics Chemistry Biology Geology Mathematics,Medicine Biochemistry Geophysics Astronomy,Warming up,Hawking and his theories,Can you name them in English?,Mercury m:kjri,Venus vins,Earth,Mars,Jupiterdu:pt(r),Saturnst:n,Uranusjrns,Neptuneneptju:n,Pluto plu:tu ,The Sun,The Sola
3、r System,A Black Hole,The Moon,The Big Bang,Atom,The Globe Our Earth,Atmosphere (大气层),Reading,1. Fast Reading, and analyze its structure. Write down the main idea for each paragraph.,Answer key for question 1:,Paragraph 1: A widely accepted theory about the formation of the universe. Paragraph 2: Th
4、e formation of water for life. Paragraph 3: The importance of water for life. Paragraph 4: The development of plants and animals on the earth. Paragraph 5: The arrival of humans and their impact on the earth.,3. Detailed Reading: Read the text loudly for a second time and then complete the fills in
5、the following pictures according to the evolution(进化，演变) order of life on the earth.,Answer key for question 3:,small plants in water shellfish and all sorts of fish green plants on land insects (on land) amphibians (on land and in water) forests reptiles (on land) dinosaurs (on land) mammals (on la
6、nd),Explanation,天文学 n. Astronomy is the scientific study of the stars, planets, and other natural objects in space.,1. astronomy,相关短语 radar astronomy 雷达天文学 radio astronomy 电波(无线电)天文学,2. star,(1)名词 (pl. stars) 1）星,恒星;(日、月等)天体;星形物; 2）星号;(表示等级等的)星级;星形勋章, 如： While in Taipei she stayed at a four star hot
7、el. 她在台北逗留期间住在一家四星级旅馆。 3）命运;星象 4）(电影、体育等的)明星,杰出人物 His wish to become a football star has come true. 他想当足球明星的愿望实现了。,(2)动词（及物） ( starred; starred; starring) 1）用星形物装饰 2）用星号标出 3）使成明星,由主演 Yesterday we saw a film starring Charlie Chaplin. 昨天我们看了一部查理卓别林主演的电影。 3. 动词（不及物） ( starred; starred; starring) 1）当明星,
8、主演。如： She has starred in some thirty films. 她主演过大约30部影片。,star,2）表现出色 。如： He didnt star at that job. 那份工作他干得并不出色。 (4) 形容词 1）星的;星形的 2）明星的,主角的 3）出色的,优秀的。如： Tony is the star player on our team. 托尼是我队的主力。,star,3. globe,（1） 名词 (pl. globes) 1) 球;球状物 2) 地球仪;地球。如： This plant can grow in many parts of the glo
9、be. 这种植物能在地球上的许多地方生长。 3) 眼球 （2） 动词（不及物） ( globed; globed; globing) 成球状 （3） 动词（及物） ( globed; globed; globing) 使成球状,Then are you clear now about the evolution of life?,When the dust settled into a solid globe, the earth was so violent.,The Evolution of Life on the earth,i:vlu:n,plzk,meszk,si:nzuik,She
10、llfish,Amphibian,Reptile Dinosaur,Primitive(原始的) People,Language Points,1. What it was to become was uncertain(when the dust settled into a solid globe).,be to do的用法 (1)be to do.用于第一人称疑问句中，表示征求对方意见。如： Am I to go on with the work？要我继续这项工作吗？ What are we to do next？我们下一步该怎么办？ (2)表示按约定、计划，或即将发生的动作，这是将来时
11、的一种用法。如： They are to pay a visit to the teacher together at 10 am. tomorrow. 他们约定明天上午10点一起去看这位老师。,be,be,We are to meet at the station at four this afternoon. 我们今天下午4点在车站见面。 (3)表示必须或应该，在意义上等于must，should，ought to 或have to。如： You are to finish the work before five this afternoon. 你们必须在今天下午五点以前完成这项任务。 T
12、his medicine is to be taken three times a day. 这种药一天要服三次。 (4)用来表示注定要发生或不可避免要发生的事。如： His theory was to change the views on the universe.,Language Points,1. It exploded loudly with fire and rock, which were in time to produce carbon, nitrogen, water vapour and other gases, which were to make the earth
13、s atmosphere.,loud, aloud, loudly 这三个副词词义很接近，但含义有所不同。 aloud 的意思是“出声地、高声地”，强调能让人听得见。如： Read aloud so that we can all hear you. 读大点声，以便我们大家都能听见你。 They are shouting aloud. 他们在大声感叫。,loud 意思是“大声地、高声地、响亮地”，强调声音响亮。常与动词speak, talk, say, laugh等连用。如： Dont talk so loud. 讲话声音不要这么大。 Facts speak louder than words
14、. 事实胜于雄辩。 loudly 的意思是“高声地”，有时可与loud通用，但含有“喧闹”的意味。如： Someone knocked loudly at the door. 有人在大声敲门。 Dont talk so loudly/loud. 说话声音不要这么大。 在现代英语中有时在并不喧闹的场合也用loudly. 如： Will you please read the text loudly? 你能不能大声读这篇课文？,explode 1)（使某物）炸开，爆炸。如： The firework exploded in his hand and he was hurt seriously.,2
15、)（指感情）激发。如： I was frightened when she exploded into loud laughter. 3)（指人口）突然或迅速增加。如： Now it is not easy to find jobs with the exploding population. explosion n. 爆炸（声） explosive adj. 爆炸性的，易爆炸的 n. 炸药，爆炸物 in time (for sth./to do sth.): 最终；及时，如 She will be back in time to prepare dinner. 她会及时赶回来准备晚饭。,3.
16、 What many science believe is that the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve gases and acids which are harmful to the plants into the oceans and seas.,allow v. 允许、许可、容许 allow + n ./ pron. / doing allow sb. to do sth. be allowed to do sth.,2.continuous 连续不断的（强调一个动作没有间断过） continual 反复的，频繁的（强调一个动作在某个时期反复出现） continued和continuing可以
