四六级翻译考点预测(二) 名胜古迹 距离6月16日四六级考试仅剩下两周时间,小编今天为大家准备的是名胜古迹主题的翻译素材,包含非常多该主题的常用词汇和表达,同学们一定要抓紧时间复习啦!在接下来的两周,小编将继续发布四六级翻译考点预测系列推文,一定要关注哦!长城 长城是世界上最伟大的奇迹之一,1987年被列为联合国教科文组织世界文化遗产1 它宛如一条巨龙, 蜿蜒曲折, 穿越草地、沙漠和高山, 自西向东绵延8,851.8公里(明长城)2 经过两千多年的沧桑,长城部分城墙已经被毁或湮灭3 但是,由于它建筑雄伟,历史悠久,长城现今依然是世界上最具吸引力的景点之一长城始建于春秋战国时期的燕、赵、秦等国,作为防御工事秦始皇将各段城墙连接起来,抵御北方部落的侵袭4 从那时起,长城就成为中华民族的一道丰碑,此后历朝历代都在不断扩建和修缮5 今天我们看到的长城主要建于明代长城承载着丰富的中国文化,体现了中国人民的智慧和顽强长城与黄河、长江一起,成为了中华民族的象征 The Great Wall, one of the greatest wonders of the world, was listed as a UNESCO World Cultural Heritage Site in 1987. Like a giant dragon, the Great Wall winds its way across grasslands, deserts and mountains, stretching approximately 8,851.8 kilometers (the Ming walls) from west to east of China. With a history of more than 2,000 years, some of the sections are now in ruins or have disappeared. However, it is still one of the most appealing attractions all around the world owing to its architectural grandeur and historical significance. The Great Wall was originally built in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period as a defensive project by states including Yan, Zhao, and Qin. Emperor Qinshihuang, founder of the first unified empire in Chinese history, succeeded in his effort to have the walls joined together to fend off the invasions from tribes in the north. Since then, the Great Wall has served as a monument of the Chinese nation. It went through constant extensions and repairs in later dynasties. The Great Wall we see today was mostly built during the Ming Dynasty. The Great Wall carries a considerable part of Chinese culture and demonstrates the wisdom and tenacity of the Chinese people. It has become a symbol of the Chinese nation along with the Yellow River and the Yangtze River. 翻译简析 1 原文对主语“长城”的说明包含两个部分,其中前者为次要信息,后者为主要信息。
因此在翻译时没有将二者译为并列成分,而是将前者译为同位语 2 本句在结构上与第一句相仿,译文重点突出长城的“蜿蜒曲折”,译为句子的核心winds its way,其他内容则译为状语原文的动词“穿越”译为介词across,这种词类转换在翻译中比较常见3 “两千多年的沧桑”主要指长城历史悠久,因而译作a history of more than 2,000 years汉语中有些词意蕴丰富,难以紧扣字面意思译成英文,翻译过程中应重点挖掘其背后信息,重在达意,不宜过分追求词藻,舍本逐末4 本句中的“秦始皇”,译文先用音译,然后用一个同位语作说明,便于外国读者理解其背后的文化信息5 原文虽是一句,但有两层意思,所以分译成两句故宫故宫位于北京市中心,是明清两代24位皇帝的皇宫1 故宫首建于明成祖年间,历时14 年竣工2 没有皇帝特许,禁止任何人进宫,因此这里又叫“紫禁城”故宫外观呈长方形,是世界上最大的宫殿群,占地约72万平方米,四面环绕着52米宽的护城河和10 米高的城墙3 城墙四面各有一座城门,南北门相距961米, 东西门相隔753米4 故宫分为两部分南部又称外朝,是皇帝行使最高权力的地方;北部又称内廷,是皇帝和皇室生活的场所。
5 由于黄色是皇族的标志,故宫内以黄色为主6 屋顶铺的是黄色琉璃瓦, 宫里的装饰品也被漆成黄色 但是有一个例外,皇帝的书斋文渊阁是黑顶,原因是当时人们认为黑色代表水,可以灭火7 故宫用作皇宫约有五百年历史,藏有大量奇珍古玩8 1987年,故宫被联合国教科文组织列为世界文化遗产现在,故宫已成为全世界最受欢迎的景点之一,对国内外游客开放 Lying at the center of Beijing, the Palace Museum was the imperial palace for 24 emperors during the Ming and Qing dynasties. It was built during the reign of Emperor Chengzu of the Ming Dynasty, taking 14 years to complete. It was forbidden to enter without special permission of the emperor. Hence it is also named the Forbidden City. Rectangular in shape, the Palace Museum is the world’s largest palace complex, covering an area of some 720,000 square meters, surrounded by a 52-meter-wide moat and 10-meter-high walls. The walls have a gate on each side. The distance between the south and north gates is 961 meters, while the distance between the east and west gates is 753 meters. The Palace Museum is divided into two parts. The southern section, or the Outer Court, was where the emperor exercised his supreme power over the nation. The northern section, or the Inner Court, was where the emperor lived with his royal family. Since yellow is the symbol of the royal family, it is the dominant color in the Palace Museum. Roofs are built with yellow glazed tiles, and decorations in the palace are also painted yellow. However, there is one exception. Wenyuange, the royal library, has a black roof. The reason is that it was believed black represented water and could extinguish fire. Having been the imperial palace for some 500 years, the Palace Museum houses numerous rare treasures and curiosities. In 1987, the Palace Museum was listed by UNESCO as a World Cultural Heritage Site. The Palace Museum is now one of the most popular tourist attractions worldwide, open to tourists from home and abroad.翻译简析 1 将故宫的地理位置译为状语,符合英文表达习惯。
位于北京市中心”也可以译为 Located in the center of Beijing或Situated at the center of Beijing 2 “明成祖年间”意即明成祖在位期间,故译作during the reign of Emperor Chengzu of the Ming Dynasty遇到类似表达,可以套用如“清康熙年间”可译为during the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty3 本句信息较多,原文结构较为松散,译文将“是世界上最大的宫殿群”作为主句,其他信息分别译为形容词短语或分词结构,自然紧凑4 本句用了分译法,使译文表意更清晰5 “又称”这里译作or,表达的意思比译为also called 更简洁6 本句重点讲故宫的颜色,所以译文以黄色为中心组织句子,译法灵活以黄色为主”, 意即黄色是故宫的主色调,故译作it is the dominant color7 原文中“皇帝的书斋”是“文渊阁”的同位语,译文中也处理为同位语此外,本句分译为两句,以突出文渊阁的与众不同8 根据英语表达习惯,将表时间的概念译为分词结构,作状语。
兵马俑兵马俑是20世纪最重大的考古发掘之一,1987年被联合国教科文组织列为世界文化遗产1 兵马俑位于西安临潼, 秦始皇陵以东约1.5公里2 1974 年,一群农民在皇家陵墓附近挖井时挖掘出一些陶器碎片,立即引起了考古学家的注意,然后才有了兵马俑这一伟大发现3 1975年,国务院授权有关部门建立兵马俑博物馆4 栩栩如生的兵马俑排成作战的阵势,成为博物馆最大的亮点5 博物馆分为三个部分: 1号坑、2号坑和3号坑, 按照发现先后命名6 其中1号坑最大, 于1979年10月1日国庆节对公众开放。