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1、UNIT 3 LIFE IN THE FUTURE(必修5)一一. 重点重点词汇考点考点1impression n.印象；感想；印记【教材原句【教材原句】FIRST IMPRESSIONS第一印象【例句研读】(1) Now I have a very different impression of England.如今我_英格兰的_大不相同了。(2)His friends made a good impression on his parents.他的朋友_。(3)The robber left an impression of his feet in the mud. 强盗在烂泥里留下了他的
2、_。对印象给他的父母留下了一个好印象脚印【归纳拓展】get/have a good/bad impression of 对的印象好/不好leave/make a(n)impression on sb给某人留下的印象give sb a(n)impressionimpress sb with sth某事（物）给某人留下印象be impressed by/with对印象深刻impress sth on/upon sb使某人铭记某事【助记】im-( =in ) + press(压)impress（原意）压入（引申义）使铭记ex-(=out) express（原意）压出（引申义）表达出【即时巩固】(1)
3、（2012山东高考24）My first _ of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man. A. expression B. attention C. satisfaction D. impression【答案】D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他给我的第一印象是他是个善良而有思想的年轻人。A.expression“表达；表情”； B.attention“注意”；C.satisfaction“满意;满足”； D. first impression“第一印象”。(2)（2010北京高考35）First impressions ar
4、e the most lasting. After all, you never get _ second chance to make _ first impression. A. a ;the B. the; the C .a; a D. the; a【解析】考查冠词辨析。句意：第一印象是最持久的。毕竟，你永远不可能有第二次机会去再给别人留一个第一印象。本题的重点在于“第二个机会”（强调又一、再一）：a second chance;而第二空为泛指“一个第一印象”：a first impression.【答案】 C(3)介词填空His lecture made a deep impressi
5、on _ the audience.The boss got a bad impression _ the young man when he saw his red hair.My father always impresses the importance of hard work _ me.(3); on ofon考点考点2 remind vt.使记住，提醒；使（某人）想起【教材原句【教材原句】I have to remind myself constantly that I am really in AD 3008.我不得不不断提醒自己，我真的已经进入到公元3008年了。【例句研读】(
6、1)My secretary reminded me of the important meeting to be held this afternoon.我的秘书_(2)Remind me to phone Alan before I go out.提醒我_(3)Let me remind you that you are expected to arrive on time. 我提醒你，_ 提醒我参加下午即将举行的重要会议。在出去之前给艾伦打个电话。你要按时到达。【归纳拓展】remind sb of sth 提醒某人某事；使某人记起某事remind sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事
7、remind sb that/what/how 提醒某人【即时巩固】（2011大纲全国高考）Mary, I _ John of his promise to help you. A. told B. reminded C. warned D. advised【答案】B句意：玛丽，约翰承诺帮助你，我提醒过他。A. told“告诉”；B. reminded“提 醒”； C. warned“警告”； D. advised“建议”， remind sb of sth:提醒某人某事。考点考点3 previous adj.在前的；早先的【教材原句【教材原句】it seems you keep gettin
8、g flashbacks from your previous time period. 在你的脑子里似乎会不断地闪现以前的时光。【例句研读】(1)He has had no previous experience of this kind of job.他_没有做这种工作的经验。(2)Women are now in a majority on the committee, although previous to 1976 there were no women members at all.今天，妇女在这个委员会你已经占多数，但_连一个女委员也没有。以前1976年以前考点考点4lack
9、n. & v. 缺乏；缺少【教材原句【教材原句】Hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached. 由于缺乏新鲜空气，我感到头疼。【例句研读】(1) Lack of vitamin B can produce a variety of symptoms. _ 维生素B会引发多种症状。(2)He is good at his job but he seems to lack confidence.他工作不错，但似乎_ 信心。(3) They are so rich that they lack for nothing.他们非常富裕，_。缺乏(名词)缺乏(动词vt
10、.)什么也不缺(动词vi.)【归纳拓展】lack （n.）of 缺乏for lack of 由于缺乏(have/there is) no lack of 不缺少lack (vt.) + humor/money/skills/confidencelack (vi.) (一般用于否定句中) + for be lacking (adj.) + in 在方面不足注意：lack后接不同的介词时它本身的词性及形式也是不一样的，记忆时需特别注意。【即时巩固】(1)（2007辽宁高考）Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits an
11、d a _ of exercise. A. limit B. lack C. need D. demand【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：健康问题与不良的饮食习惯和缺少锻炼密切相关。a lack of缺乏；limit限制；need需要；demand需要。(2)（2010福建高考）More and more high-rise buildings have been built in big cities _ space. A. in search of B. in place of C. for lack of D. for fear of【答案】C【解析】考查介词短语辨析。in sea
12、rch of“寻找”；in place of“代替”；for lack of“因缺乏”；for fear of“生怕，以免”，句意：大城市因为缺乏空间建起了越来越多的高楼大厦。考点考点5swallow vt.吞下，咽下；忍受n.燕子；吞，咽【教材原句【教材原句】A giant machine, always greedy for more, swallows all the waste available. 一台巨大的机器，能把所有能获得的废弃物都吞进去，而且总是贪得无厌。【例句研读】(1)You must chew your food well before you swallow it.食
13、物_之前先要细细咀嚼。(2)He couldnt swallow because of a sore throat.他因嗓子疼而不能_。(3)Let me take a swallow of beer.让我_。There are many swallow flying in the sky.天空中飞翔着许多_。吞下(vt.)吞咽(vi.)喝口啤酒(n.)燕子(n.)【归纳拓展】(1)One swallow doesnt make a summer.(2) (谚)一燕不成夏。/独木难成林。(2)Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed
14、, and some few to be chewed and digested.(Bacon) 有些书可以浅尝辄止；有些书可以囫囵吞枣；少数书则需要咀嚼消化。（培根）【即时巩固】(1)_ your food properly before _ it. A. Chew; swallow B. Chewing; swallowing C. Chew; swallowing D. Chewing; swallow【答案】C【解析】句意：把食物嚼碎了再咽。分析该句句式可知，该句为祈使句故第一空要用动词原形；第二空在介词before之后故用动名词作其宾语。(2) The waves swallowed
15、 _ the swimmer.【解析】动词短语swallow up:吞没；耗尽。例如：Jane was soon swallowed up in the crowd.简很快淹没在人群中。The extra cash was soon swallowed up.这笔额外的钱很快就花光了。【答案】 up考点考点6representative n. 代表；代理人& adj.有代表性的【教材原句【教材原句】However, the companies have to train their representatives to live and work in space settlements.但是
16、，这些公司必须培训他们的代表能在太空中生活和工作。【例句研读】(1) Shes our sales representative in France.她是我们公司驻法国的销售_。(1) (2)The painting is not representative of his work of that period.这幅画不能_他那个时期的作品。(2) (3)He will represent our company to attend the meeting.他将_我们公司出席会议。(4)He represented himself as a philosopher.他_自己是个哲学家。(5)
17、They represented their concerns to the authorities.他们向当局_了他们关心的问题。代表（n.）代表(adj.)代表（v.）声称（v.）陈述【归纳拓展】be representative of代表；是的代表= be characteristic/typical ofrepresentas/to be把描述成/宣称是represent sth to sb向某人说明某事，向某人传达某事【即时巩固】(1)The _ were all _ by what had happened in the factory. A. representatives; a
18、mazing B. representatives; amazed C .represents; amazing D. represent; amazed【解析】句意：代表们对这个工厂里发生的事都感到惊愕。第一空用名词，而represent是动词，故排除C.D；amaze是及物动词，意为“使惊奇，使惊愕”，而形容词“感到惊讶的”：amazed.【答案】B(2)Most _ present at the meeting are for the policy. A. representative B. representatives C. representation D. representin
19、g【解析】句意：与会的代表们大部分赞同这个政策。Representative作名词时，意为“代表”，指人；representation意为“代表；支持”。【答案】 B二、重点短二、重点短语考点考点1take up 接受；（尤指接受；（尤指为消遣）学着做，开始做；占用消遣）学着做，开始做；占用(时间/空空间)；继续【教材原句】I still cannot believe that I am taking up this prize that I won last year.【例句研读】写出下列各句中take up的意思。(1)Id like to take up your offer of a
20、ride into town.我愿意_你的邀请，搭你的车进城。(2)John took up acting while he was at college.约翰在上大学时_演戏。(3)The job took up most of Sunday.这个工作_了大半个星期天。(4)Lets take up the text where we finished yesterday.我们从昨天停下的地方_。接受开始占用继续(学习)【归纳拓展】draw up 起草；制定make up 编造；弥补；组成cheer up 高兴起来keep up（使）不停止；保持grow up 成长build up 增进；使
21、壮大swallow up 吞没；淹没speed up（使）加速clean up 打扫；整理hand up 挂断（电话）；举手sum up 计算；总结end up 结束cut up 切开；切碎bring up 养育pick up 拾起；（偶然）学会；接收信号tear up 撕破；撕碎【即时巩固】（2009安徽高考）We tried to find a table for seven, but they were all _. A. given away B. kept away C. taken up D. used up【解析】句意：我们试图找到一张七人餐桌，但它们都被占用了。A. given
22、 away“泄露；分发；赠送”； B. kept away“（使）离开”；C. taken up“占用；占据；开始从事；继续；拿起”； D. used up“用光”。根据tried to find 和but可知，该空填“占用”，故正确答案为C. taken up.【答案】C考点考点2lose sight of看不看不见；忽略，忘；忽略，忘记【教材原句【教材原句】However, I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market然而，当我们到达一个看上去像个大市场的地方时，我看不见王平了【例句研读】
23、(1)I lost sight of him but could still hear his footsteps.我_他了，但还能够听到他的脚步声。(2)We lost sight of the value of true friendship.我们_了真正友谊的价值。(3)They fell in love at first sight.他们_。(4)Marcie will faint at the sight of blood.马西_血就晕。(5)They burned every house in sight.他们把_的每一栋房子都烧了。(6)Out of sight, out of
24、mind._，心不烦。(7)Were going to Paris for the weekend to see the sights.我们打算去巴黎过周末，_。视野内一见钟情看不见忽略看见眼不见参观（那里的）名胜【归纳拓展】catch sight of 看见at first sight 初看时；乍一看at the sight of 看见时in/within sight 在视野内；看得见out of sight 视线以外；看不见【即时巩固】（2008天津高考）At the railway station, the mother waved goodbye to her daughter unt
25、il the train was _. A. out of sight B. out of reach C. out of order D. out of place【解析】句意：在火车站，那位母亲挥手和女儿告别，直到火车从视线中消失。A. out of sight“看不见”；B. out of reach“够不着”； C. out of order“出故障”； D. out of place“不合适；位置不恰当”。【答案】A三、三、经典句型典句型考点考点1.形容形容词（短（短语）作状）作状语【教材原句【教材原句】Worried about the journey, I was unsettl
26、ed for the first few days. 我很担心这次旅行，所以头几天心里总是不踏实。【句法分析】该句中Worried about the journey,作原因状语。形容词（短语）作状语往往有以下特点：意义上，表示主语所处的状态；形式上，用逗号与其他成分隔开。【例句研读】(1)Easy to be with, he is warmly welcomed.（原因状语）因为平易近人，所以他受到热烈欢迎。(2)Overjoyed, they rushed into the classroom.（伴随状语）他们非常高兴，冲进了教室。(3)He returned home, safe an
27、d sound.（结果状语）他安然无恙地回到了家。(4)Right or wrong, Ill stand on your side.（让步状语）不论对与错，我都将站在你这一边。(5)Ripe, these apples are sweet.（时间状语）熟了的时候，这些苹果是甜的。【即时巩固】完成句子(1)_ _ _（又冷又饿），he stopped working and went home.(2)These travelers returned to the hotel, _ _ _（又累又困）(3)_, the boys were shouting and singing. A. Hap
28、py and excited B. Happily and excited C. happily and excitedly C. Happy and excitedly【解析】句意：因为快乐和兴奋，男孩们又喊又唱。根据句子语意及结构可知，该空为原因状语，且表示主语当时的状态，故选用adj.Cold and hungrytired and sleepy【答案】A.考点考点2. when引引导的定的定语从句从句【教材原句【教材原句】I can still remember the moment when the space stewardess called us all to the caps
29、ule and we climbed in through a small opening. 我仍然可以记得我们被太空乘务员一起叫到时间舱，通过一个小口爬进去的时刻。【句法分析】句中when引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词the moment，在定语从句中充当时间状语。注意若关系词在修饰表示时间的先行词的定语从句中充当名词性成分，而非状语时，则不能用关系副词when。【例句研读】(1)I will never forget the days when I worked with you.我永远不会忘记我与你共事的日子。(2)I will never forget those days which/
30、that we spent together in school.我会永远记住我们在学校里共同度过的那些日子。【考点聚焦】关系代词和关系副词的选用【即时巩固】(1)（2011江苏高考）Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, _ the audience can buy ice-cream. A. when B. where C. that D. which【解析】句意：音乐会之间有个幕间休息，在这段休息时间内观众可以买冰淇淋。，该定语从句的先行词an interval 指时间上的间隔，而when引导定语从句且在从句中代替先行词充
31、当定语从句中的时间状语。【答案】A(2)（2011天津高考）The days are gone _ physical strength was all you needed to make a living. A. when B. that C. where D. which【答案】A【解析】句意：仅凭体力来谋生的时代已经一去不复返了。横线后是定语从句，修饰先行词days，而关系词代替先行词days在定语从句中作时间状语，所以选择关系副词when.本题难在是分割定语从句，为了保持句子平衡先行词days和定语从句被隔开，不过这种句子应该有见过，The days are gone when Chi
32、nese people suffered so much.中国人民受苦受难的日子已经一去不复返了。也常见它的倒装形式，如Gone are the days when we need not worry about anything. 我们什么都不需要操心的日子已经一去不复返了。考点考点3. as though/ as if引引导的状的状语从句从句【教材原句【教材原句】The air seemed thin, as though its combination of gases had little oxygen left. 空气似乎很稀薄，似乎它的混合气体中剩下的氧气很少。【句法分析】as i
33、f/ as though 意为“仿佛；好像”，所引导的从句既可用虚拟语气，也可用真实语气。用何种语气取决于说话者。如果说话者对所说之事有明显的依据，那么则用陈述语气。而如果所说之事只是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测，那么则用虚拟语气。【例句研读】(1)引导方式状语从句。The child talks to us as though he were a grow-up.那个孩子跟我们谈起话来像个成年人似的。(2)引导表语从句。She looks as though she were ten years younger.她看起来好像年轻了10岁。(3)用于省略句中。He acted as though
34、 (he were) a fool.他做起事来像个傻瓜。(4)as though/ as if从句的语气。陈述语气He talks as though he is drunk.从他谈话的样子看来他喝醉了。（真醉了）虚拟语气a.与现在事实相反，从句谓语动词用过去式（be动词用were）She always talks to me as though she were my elder sister. 她总是以姐姐的口气跟我说话。（她并不是我姐姐）b.与过去事实相反，从句谓语用“had+过去分词”He talked about Rome as though he had been there be
35、fore. 他说起罗马好像他以前去过那里似的。（以前没去过）【考点聚焦】as if/as though从句中的虚拟语气【即时巩固】(1)When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _.(N95)A. breaksB. has brokenC. were brokenD. had been broken【答案】C【解析】句意：当一支铅笔部分放入水里，它看起来像是被弄断了一样。对一般情况的虚拟，这支铅笔实则没断。故用一般过去时，be动词均用were.(2)Dont handle the vase as if it_ made of steel. (2012BJ) A. is B. were C. has been D. had been【解析】考查as if从句中的虚拟语气。句意：不要拿着这个花瓶就像它是铁做的一样。在as if引导的从句中虚拟用一般过去时表示对现在情况的虚拟，故该题正确答案为B.【答案】B再再见
