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1、Unit 12Homeostasispositionsame Metabolic equilibrium actively maintained by several complex biological mechanisms that operate via the autonomic nervous system to offset disrupting changeorganism nzmorgan norganic nk胰高血糖素肝糖thermo: heat, hot thermostatthermoplastic adj. 热塑性的n. 热塑性塑料thermochemistry 热化
2、学，热力学thermobarometer 温度计thermoregulation 温度调节depolarizationseparate, dividedeoxygenate v. 去氧 dehydration n. 脱水deamination n. 脱氨基corticoid= corticosteroidgluco: sugar glycoglucocorticoidglycogenolysisglycogenesisa. glyco-: sugarb. glycogen: 肝糖，糖原c. olysis: analysisd. esis: synthesis Definition1. What
3、 is homeostasis? 2. What does homeostasis in living organisms involve? 3. Why is homeostasis necessary?Homeostasis Mechanism1. What does homeostasis require organism to be able to do? 2. cybernetics.3. negative feedback loops 4. positive feedback loops Negative feedback occurs when the result of a p
4、rocess influences the operation of the process itself in such a way as to reduce changes. Negative feedback tends to make a system self-regulating; it can produce stability and reduce the effect of fluctuations. Negative feedback loops where just the right amount of correction is applied in the most
5、 timely manner can be very stable, accurate, and responsive. Positive feedback is a process in which the effects of a small disturbance on a system can include an increase in the magnitude of the perturbation. That is, A produces more of B which in turn produces more of A.Homeostasis at the Cellular
6、 Level1. Why do all organisms perform homeostasis at a cellular level? 2. Why do single-celled organisms have a more difficult homeostatic task than multicellular organisms?3. Please explain the important role of negative feedback loops by using an example.Blood Circulation in Homeostasis1. What are
7、 the main functions of the circulatory system in homeostasis? 2. The levels of substances within the blood are under control of other organs.The respiratory system and the nervous system _The liver and the pancreas_The kidneys_The endocrine glands_The hypothalamus_vmetabolite metblat n.代谢物vmetabolis
8、m mtblzm n. 新陈代谢vmetabolic metblk a. vmetabolize mtblaz vt. Blood Circulation in Homeostasis1. What are the main functions of the circulatory system in homeostasis? 2. The levels of substances within the blood are under control of other organs.The respiratory system and the nervous system _The liver
9、 and the pancreas_The kidneys_The endocrine glands_The hypothalamus_Maintenance of Blood Glucose Levels1. What is the most complicated homeostatic system known?2. What hormones control blood glucose levels?3. What hormones stimulate glycogenolysis and glycogenesis respectively?Oral PresentationUse at least two examples to illustrate “homeostasis” .Use ppt. and present it next time.
