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1、Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.5.04.1 Copyright IBM Corporation 2008 Unit 5 Using Files Copyright IBM Corporation 2008Unit ObjectivesAfter completing this unit, you should be able to: Use the cp command to copy files Use the mv
2、command to move or rename files Use the wc command to count the number of lines, words, and bytes in a named file Use the ln command to allow a file to have more than one name Display the contents of a file using the cat, pg, and more commandsUse the rm command to remove files Print files Copyright
3、IBM Corporation 2008To copy the file /home/team03/pgms/suba to /home/team01/doc and name it programa:$ pwd/home/team01/doc$ cp /home/team03/pgms/suba programamon_reporttrio_ltrwalrushometeam01docmon_reportprogramatrio_ltrwalrushometeam01doccp source targetcp file1 file2 . target_dir beforeafterCopyi
4、ng Files Copyright IBM Corporation 2008$ cd /home/team01$ cp doc/programa test1 chometeam01.profilemanualstest1cdocprogramahometeam01.profilemanualstest1cprogramaprogramatest1dochometeam01ctrio_ltrtrio_ltrdochometeam01ctrio_ltrdoc$ cd /home/team01/doc$ cp trio_ltr ./ccp Examples Copyright IBM Corpor
5、ation 2008$ pwd/home/team01/c$ mv trio_ltr t.letterhometeam01ctrio_ltrhometeam01ct.lettermv source target mv file1 file2 . target_dir Moving and Renaming Files Copyright IBM Corporation 2008$ pwd/home/team01/c$ mv t.letter ./doc/letterhometeam01cmon_reportdochometeam01ctrio_ltrletterdochometeam01ctr
6、io_ltrt.letterdochometeam01cmon_reportdoc$ pwd/home/team01/c$ mv ./doc/mon_report .mv Examples Copyright IBM Corporation 2008$ cat walrusThe time has come, the Walrus said,To talk of many things:Of shoes - and ships - and sealing wax -Of cabbages - and kings -And why the sea is boiling hot - And whe
7、ther pigs have wings.From The Walrus And The Carpenterby Lewis Carroll (1871)cat file1 file2 . Listing File Contents Copyright IBM Corporation 2008pg filenamemore filename $ pg walrusThe time has come, the Walrus said,To talk of many things:Of shoes - and ships - and sealing wax -Of cabbages - and k
8、ings -And why the sea is boiling hot - And whether pigs have wings.: one page at a time$ more walrusThe time has come, the Walrus said,To talk of many things:Of shoes - and ships - and sealing wax -Of cabbages - and kings -And why the sea is boiling hot - And whether pigs have wings.walrus (100%) Di
9、splaying Files Copyright IBM Corporation 200817126 1085 myfilecharacterswordslineswc CommandThe wc command counts the number of lines, words, and bytes in a named file:$ wc -c -l -w filenameOptions:-ccounts the number of bytes-lcounts lines-wcounts wordsExample:$ wc myfile Copyright IBM Corporation
10、2008ActivityActivity: Working with the wc Command Copyright IBM Corporation 2008 Allows files to have more than one name in the directory structure Both files reference the same i-node Cannot be used with directories, cannot span file systemsln source_file target_file Linking Files$ ls li63 -rw-r-r-
11、 2 team01 staff 1910 Nov 21 14:19 man_files$ ln man_files manuals$ ls -li63 -rw-r-r- 2 team01 staff 1910 Nov 21 14:19 man_files63 -rw-r-r- 2 team01 staff 1910 Nov 21 14:19 manuals$ Copyright IBM Corporation 2008 Creates an indirect reference to a file (symbolic link) Name references the original fil
12、es name and path Can be used with directories and span file systemsln s source_file target_file Linking Files (cont.)$ ls li63 -rw-r-r- 2 team01 staff 1910 Nov 21 14:19 man_files$ ln s man_files manuals$ ls -li63 -rw-r-r- 1 team01 staff 1910 Nov 21 14:19 man_files66 lrwxrwxrwx 1 team01 staff 1910 No
13、v 21 14:19 manuals - man_files$ Copyright IBM Corporation 2008rm file1 file2 file3 . Removing Files$ lsmon_report trio_ltr walrus$ rm mon_report$ lstrio_ltr walrus$ rm i walrusrm: remove walrus?y$ lstrio_ltr$ Copyright IBM Corporation 2008Printing Fileslqprt - queue files to the printerlqchk display
14、 the current status of a print queuelqcan cancel a print job (specify job number)$ qprt walrus$ qchkQueue Dev Status Job Files User PP% Blks Cp Rnklp0 lp0 Running 99 walrus team01 1 1 1 1$ qcan x 99$ Copyright IBM Corporation 2008Checkpoint1.What is the effect of the following commands?$ cd /home/te
15、am01$ cp file1 file22.What is the effect of the following commands?$ cd /home/team01$ mv file1 newfile3.What is the effect of the following commands?$ cd /home/team01$ ln newfile myfile4.List commands that can be used to view the contents of a file. Copyright IBM Corporation 2008Checkpoint Solutions
16、1.What is the effect of the following commands?$ cd /home/team01$ cp file1 file2The cp command creates a new file, file 2 from a copy of file1. Each copy will have a different name, as shown, file1 and file2. The two copies are independent of each other. If one file is modified, it does not reflect
17、in the second file.2.What is the effect of the following commands?$ cd /home/team01$ mv file1 newfileThese commands will rename file1 to newfile. file1 will no longer exist, but instead be shown as newfile.3.What is the effect of the following commands?$ cd /home/team01$ ln newfile myfileThe file ca
18、lled newfile is now know as myfile. An ls -l will show both files. An ls li will show that both files share the same node number. Note that there is still only one physical file on disk. If a change is made to newfile that change will also be reflected if using myfile.4.List commands that can be use
19、d to view the contents of a file.cat, pg, more Copyright IBM Corporation 2008Exercise: Using Files Copyright IBM Corporation 2008Unit SummaryThe cp command can be used to copy files.The mv command can be used to move and rename files.The ln command can be used to create additional names for a file.Display the contents of a file using cat, pg, or more.Use the rm command to delete files.Use the qprt command to print files.The wc command could be used to count words or lines from files or command output.
