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1、写作技巧点拨系列(一)学好五种基本句型, 搞定简单句【核心点拨核心点拨】文文章章由由句句子子组组成成, 写写好好句句子子是是写写作作的的基基础础。英英语语句句子子看看上上去去纷纷繁繁庞庞杂杂, 但但不不外外乎乎五五种种基基本本句句式式。这这五五种种基基本本句句式式可可以以演演变变出出多多种种复复杂杂的的英英语语句句子子。下下面面我我们们就就结结合合例例句句(例例句句大大都都选选自自近近年年来来全全国国各各地地高高考英语书面表达参考范文考英语书面表达参考范文), 来具体学习一下。来具体学习一下。1. 主语主语+系动词系动词+表语表语(S+V+P)这是英语中一个最基本的句型。例如这是英语中一个最基
2、本的句型。例如: English is very useful. 除了系动词除了系动词be外外, 还有一些动词也可以用作系动词还有一些动词也可以用作系动词, 如表感觉的动词如表感觉的动词feel, smell, taste, sound, look, appear, seem等等; 表转变或变化的动词表转变或变化的动词become, get, grow, turn, go等等; 表延续的动词表延续的动词remain, keep, seem, hold, stay等等; 表瞬时的动词表瞬时的动词come, fall, set, cut, occur等。等。在这个句型中在这个句型中, 表语可以是形
3、容词、名词、代词、分词、不定式、动表语可以是形容词、名词、代词、分词、不定式、动名词、介词短语或个别副词等。例如名词、介词短语或个别副词等。例如: Nowadays, after-class activities are becoming more and more popular in high schools. (表语为动名词表语为动名词)(2014新课标全国卷新课标全国卷)I will be twenty-eight years old by then. (表语为表语为名词名词)My dream is to study abroad. (表语为不定式表语为不定式)2. 主语主语+不及物动
4、词不及物动词(S+Vi)在这一句型中在这一句型中, 谓语是不及物动词谓语是不及物动词, 所以其后不接宾语。但可以接副词、所以其后不接宾语。但可以接副词、介词短语、不定式、分词、从句等作状语。例如介词短语、不定式、分词、从句等作状语。例如: Im writing to ask for help. (2014江西高考江西高考)In the coming three years, your school life will be challenging. More than 100, 000 people died per year because of passive smoking. 3. 主语
5、主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语(S+Vt+O)在这一句型中在这一句型中, 谓语是及物动词谓语是及物动词, 其后接宾语。作宾语的可以为其后接宾语。作宾语的可以为: 名词、名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词、从句等。例如代词、动词不定式、动名词、从句等。例如: (2014四川高考四川高考)Let me share my thoughts and feelings about my college entrance examination. (宾语为名词宾语为名词)On May 12, 2008, a severe earthquake destroyed almost everything in t
6、he school, leaving badly-damaged buildings. (宾语为代词宾语为代词)I enjoy reading classic books. (宾语为动名词宾语为动名词)I dont think (that) this kind of action is right. (宾语为从句宾语为从句)4. 主语主语+及物动词及物动词+间接宾语间接宾语+直接宾语直接宾语(S+Vt+IO+DO)在这一句型中在这一句型中, 谓语动词谓语动词(或由动词构成的短语或由动词构成的短语)不仅是及物动词不仅是及物动词, 而且而且还要接两个宾语还要接两个宾语, 即一个指人的间接宾语即一个
7、指人的间接宾语, 一个指物的直接宾语。通常一个指物的直接宾语。通常间接宾语在前间接宾语在前, 直接宾语在后。例如直接宾语在后。例如: The picture shows us a touching moment. (2014湖北高考湖北高考)A man immediately rushed to the girl to give her first aid and I joined in without hesitation. 5. 主语主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语+宾语补足语宾语补足语(S+Vt+O+C)此结构中的宾语后需跟上宾语补足语意思才完整此结构中的宾语后需跟上宾语补足语意思才完整
8、, 宾语与宾语补足语宾语与宾语补足语构成复合宾语。能够作宾语补足语的有名词、形容词、副词、介词短构成复合宾语。能够作宾语补足语的有名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、带语、带to和不带和不带to的不定式、现在分词、过去分词等。例如的不定式、现在分词、过去分词等。例如: (2014湖南高考湖南高考)Traditional water bottle makes it inconvenient for travelers to have a comfortable drink anytime and anywhere. (不定式不定式作宾语补足语作宾语补足语)Too many ready answers
9、online make us less excited in finding the truth. (形容词作宾语补足语形容词作宾语补足语)【即时应用即时应用】1. 用下面所给的动词作谓语用下面所给的动词作谓语, 按要求完成下面句子按要求完成下面句子leaveThey _(将离开将离开)tomorrow. (主谓主谓)The boy _(把书落在这里把书落在这里)yesterday. (主谓宾主谓宾)Tom always _(做不完作业做不完作业)at night. (主谓宾宾补主谓宾宾补)His grandfather _(留给儿子一所大房子留给儿子一所大房子)after his death
10、. (主谓间宾直宾主谓间宾直宾)will leaveleft his book hereleaves his homework unfinishedleft his son a big househelpDoes this _(有用有用)? (主谓主谓)Who will _(帮助你帮助你)tomorrow? (主谓宾主谓宾)Jack often _(帮助别人做作业帮助别人做作业). (主谓宾宾补主谓宾宾补)writeWe _(用钢笔写字用钢笔写字). (主谓主谓)She often _(写报告写报告)for a newspaper. (主谓宾主谓宾)She _(给我写信给我写信)last we
11、ek. (主谓间宾直宾主谓间宾直宾)helphelp youhelps others do homeworkwrite with penswrites reportwrote me a lettergetHe _(得到一本书得到一本书)yesterday. (主谓宾主谓宾)Can you _(给我一些面包给我一些面包)? (主谓直宾间宾主谓直宾间宾)The days _(变长变长)in summer. (主系表主系表)got a bookget some bread for meare getting longer2. 按要求完成句子按要求完成句子She gave me her telepho
12、ne number. (同义句转换同义句转换)She gave _ _ _ to _. Ill make you some fresh tea. (同义句转换同义句转换)Ill make some fresh tea _ you. I dont know what to do. (同义句转换同义句转换)I dont know _ _ _ _. 请允许我解释一下。请允许我解释一下。Permit me _ _. her telephone numbermeforwhat I should doto explain我看见她正在跑步。我看见她正在跑步。I saw her _. 我听到有人叫我的名字。我听到有人叫我的名字。I heard my name _. 我喜欢听这首歌。我喜欢听这首歌。I enjoy _ _ the song. 她经常把小弟弟惹哭她经常把小弟弟惹哭, 但今天她却被小弟弟惹哭了。但今天她却被小弟弟惹哭了。She usually made her little brother _, but today she was _ _ _ by her little brother. runningcalledlistening tocrymade tocry
