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1、你身边的高考专家你身边的高考专家倒装结构倒装结构 倒装语序分为倒装语序分为“全部倒装全部倒装”和和“部分倒部分倒装装”。在全部倒装的句子中，整个谓语都放。在全部倒装的句子中，整个谓语都放在主语的前面；在部分倒装的句子中，只是在主语的前面；在部分倒装的句子中，只是谓语中的一部分（如助动词、情态动词或系谓语中的一部分（如助动词、情态动词或系动词动词bebe等）放在主语前面，其余部分仍放在等）放在主语前面，其余部分仍放在主语后面。下面将常见的倒装情况分述如下：主语后面。下面将常见的倒装情况分述如下： 一一、由由there, there, here here 或或now now 等等引引起起，谓谓语语
2、为为comecome（或或gogo）的的句句子子，例如：例如： There comes the bus!There comes the bus! There goes the bell! There goes the bell! Here comes Mary! Here comes Mary! Now comes your turn. Now comes your turn.注：如果主语为人称代词，仍用自然语序，例如：注：如果主语为人称代词，仍用自然语序，例如：注：如果主语为人称代词，仍用自然语序，例如：注：如果主语为人称代词，仍用自然语序，例如： There he comes!There
3、he comes! Here she comes! Here she comes!二、由二、由then then 引起，谓语为引起，谓语为comecome（或或 followfollow）的句子，例如：的句子，例如： Then came a new difficulty.Then came a new difficulty. Then followed eight years of the Anti-Japanese War. Then followed eight years of the Anti-Japanese War. Then came wind, hail and frost.
4、Then came wind, hail and frost.三、由三、由here（或或there）引导，谓语为引导，谓语为be的句子，如：的句子，如： Here is Chinas largest tropical forest. Here are some picture-books.注：如果主语为人称代词，仍用自然语序，如：注：如果主语为人称代词，仍用自然语序，如：注：如果主语为人称代词，仍用自然语序，如：注：如果主语为人称代词，仍用自然语序，如： Here you are. / Here we are. / Here it is. / There he is.四四、由由so引引起起的的
5、，表表示示前前面面所所说说的的情情况况也也适适用用于于另另一一个个人人（或或物物）的句子，如：的句子，如： “We must start for the work-site now.” “So must we.” Society has changed and so have the people in it. He plays the violin quite well. So does my sister. He has been to Beijing, so have I.注注注注：如如如如果果果果一一一一个个个个句句句句子子子子只只只只是是是是重重重重复复复复前前前前面面面面一一一一句
6、句句句话话话话的的的的意意意意思思思思，尽尽尽尽管管管管soso用用用用开开开开头头头头，语语语语序也不要倒装，如：序也不要倒装，如：序也不要倒装，如：序也不要倒装，如： - It was cold yesterday. So it was! - Tomorrow will be Monday. So it will. 五五、由由neither或或nor引引起起的的，表表示示前前面面所所说说的的情情况况也也适适用用于于另另一一个个人（或物）的句子，如：人（或物）的句子，如： - I wont do such a thing. Neither / Nor will I. If you wont
7、go, neither shall I. - I havent done my homework. Neither / Nor have I. I didnt read the notice on the bulletin board, nor did he.六六、在在if引引导导的的非非真真实实条条件件句句中中，如如有有助助动动词词had, should或或were时，可以省略时，可以省略if，进行倒装，如：进行倒装，如： Had I come five minutes earlier, I would have met the famous scientist. (If I had com
8、e five minutes ) Had I been informed earlier, I could have done something. Should anyone call, tell him to wait for me here. Were I ten years younger, I would be able to climb to the top of the hill. Should you change your mind, let us know.七七、在在描描写写情情景景时时，有有时时为为了了生生动动，可可以以把把out, in, up, down, away等
9、副词放在主语前，同时主谓倒装，如：等副词放在主语前，同时主谓倒装，如： Up went the arrow into the air. Up flew the red balloon. Following the roar, out rushed a tiger from among the bushes.注：如果主语是一个人称代词，谓语仍放在后面，如：注：如果主语是一个人称代词，谓语仍放在后面，如：注：如果主语是一个人称代词，谓语仍放在后面，如：注：如果主语是一个人称代词，谓语仍放在后面，如： Away they went. / Down it flew. / Up it went.八八、当
10、当as引引导导让让步步状状语语从从句句时时，可可以以把把表表语语提提到到前前面面来来，采采用用“形形容词（或副词、名词）容词（或副词、名词）+ as +主语主语+谓语谓语”这种形式，如：这种形式，如： Old as my father is, he keeps up with his English study. Child as he is, he knows something of electricity. Tired as he was, he continued to work. Young as she was, she was already director of a fact
11、ory. 九九、当当always, often, well, many a time等等词词放放在在句句首首时时，后后面面常常用倒装语序，如：用倒装语序，如： Always did the soldier go to help the villagers. Often did we warn them not to do so. Well do I remember the day I saw a wild tiger. Many a time did he go swimming in the river.注：上述所说的词不放在句首，不用倒装语序。注：上述所说的词不放在句首，不用倒装语序。注
12、：上述所说的词不放在句首，不用倒装语序。注：上述所说的词不放在句首，不用倒装语序。十十、only所所修修饰饰的的副副词词、介介词词短短语语或或状状语语从从句句放放在在句句首首时时，其其后后面面的主语部分要进行倒装，如：的主语部分要进行倒装，如： Only in this way can you hope to improve the situation there. Only then did I realize that I was wrong. Only once did his father discuss his future with him. Only yesterday did
13、I realize what was going on. Only after he came back was I able to see him.注：注：注：注：onlyonly修饰主语，仍用自然语序，如：修饰主语，仍用自然语序，如：修饰主语，仍用自然语序，如：修饰主语，仍用自然语序，如： Only socialism can save China. 十十一一、含含有有否否定定意意义义的的副副词词、连连词词或或短短语语构构成成的的状状语语放放在在句句首首时时，常用倒装语序。常用倒装语序。这这些些词词和和词词组组有有：not, never, hardly, seldom, little, r
14、arely, scarcely, not until, not onlybut also, neithernor, no soonerthan, hardlywhen , scarcelywhen等，例如：等，例如： Never shall I forget the day when I joined the League. Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted. Not only did he read the book, but also remembered what he had read.
15、 No sooner had he arrived there than he fell ill. Hardly / Scarcely had she fallen asleep when a knock at the door awakened her.注注注注：上上上上面面面面所所所所说说说说的的的的词词词词和和和和词词词词组组组组如如如如果果果果不不不不在在在在句句句句首首首首，句句句句子子子子不不不不必必必必用用用用倒倒倒倒装装装装语语语语序序序序。另另另另外，外，外，外，not onlybut alsonot onlybut also连接两个主语时，不用倒装，如：连接两个主语时，不用
16、倒装，如：连接两个主语时，不用倒装，如：连接两个主语时，不用倒装，如：Not only the students, but also the teacher wishes for a holiday.十十二二、当当so（或或such）that结结构构中中的的so或或such用用于于句句首首时时，要采取倒装语序，如：要采取倒装语序，如： So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him. So loudly did he speak that he was heard upstairs. So smal
17、l was the mark that I could hardly see it. So angry was he that he couldnt speak. So fast does light travel that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed. Such was the force of the explosion that all the windows were broken. Such was his strength that he could bend iron bars.注：注：注：注：suchsuch和和和和b
18、ebe连用作表语时，也常用倒装语序，如：连用作表语时，也常用倒装语序，如：连用作表语时，也常用倒装语序，如：连用作表语时，也常用倒装语序，如： Such was the result. Such were her words. Such was the story he told.十三、在下列结构中也常用倒装语序：十三、在下列结构中也常用倒装语序： On a hill in front of them stood a great castle. On the bed lay a sick old man. Under the tree was sitting one of the bigges
19、t men I have ever seen. Seated on the ground are a group of young men playing cards. Lying on the floor was a boy aged about seventeen.典型例题典型例题典型例题典型例题 Why cant I smoke here? Why cant I smoke here? At no time _ in the meeting-room. At no time _ in the meeting-room. A. is smoking permitted A. is smok
20、ing permitted B. smoking is permitted B. smoking is permitted C. smoking is it permitted C. smoking is it permitted D. does smoking permit D. does smoking permit答答案案A A. . 这这是是一一个个倒倒装装问问题题。当当否否定定词词语语置置于于句句首首以以表表示示强强调调时时，其其句句中中的的主主谓谓须须用用倒倒装装结结构构。这这些些否否定定词词包包括括no, no, little, little, hardly, hardly, s
21、eldom, seldom, never, never, not not only, only, not not untiluntil等等。本本题题的的正正常常语语序序是是 Smoking is permitted in the meeting-room at no time.Smoking is permitted in the meeting-room at no time.Not Not until until the the early early years years of of the the 19th 19th century century _ _ what what hea
22、t is.heat is.A. man did knowA. man did know B. man know B. man know C. C. didndidnt man knowt man know D. did man knowD. did man know答答案案D D. . 看看到到Not Not untiluntil的的句句型型，我我们们知知道道为为一一倒倒装装句句，答答案案在在C C，D D 中中选选一一个个。改改写写为为正正常常语语序序为为，Man Man did did not not know know what what heat heat is is until un
23、til the the early early years years of of the the 19th. 19th. 现现在在将将notnot提提前前，后后面面就就不不能再用否定了能再用否定了, ,否则意思就变了。否则意思就变了。 3 3 3 3、以否定词开头作部分倒装、以否定词开头作部分倒装、以否定词开头作部分倒装、以否定词开头作部分倒装如如: Not onlybut also, Hardly/Scarcelywhen, No sooner than Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sen
24、der. Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her. No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her.典型例题典型例题典型例题典型例题 No sooner _ than it began to rain heavily. A. the game began B. has the game begun C. did the game begin D. had the game begun答答案案D. 以以具具有有否否定定意意义义的的副副词词放放在在句句首
25、首时时，一一般般采采用用倒倒装装句句(谓谓语语前前置置)。这这类类表表示示否否定定意意义义的的词词有有never, never, seldom, seldom, scarcely, scarcely, little, little, few, few, not, not, hardly, hardly, 以以以以及及及及not not onlybut onlybut (also), (also), no no soonerthan, soonerthan, hardly hardly when scarcely whenwhen scarcely when等等。等等。注注注注意意意意：只只有有
26、当当Not only but also连连接接两两个个分分句句时时，才才在在第第一一个个分分句句用用倒倒装装结结构构。如如果果置置于于句句首首的的Not only but also仅仅连连接接两两个个并并列列词词语，不可用倒装结构。语，不可用倒装结构。 Not only you but also I am fond of music.4 4 4 4、so, neither, norso, neither, norso, neither, norso, neither, nor 作部分倒装作部分倒装作部分倒装作部分倒装 表示表示“ “也也” ”、“ “也不也不” ” 的句子要部分倒装，例如：的句
27、子要部分倒装，例如： Tom can speak French. So can Jack. Tom can speak French. So can Jack. If you wont go, neither will I. If you wont go, neither will I.典型例题典型例题 - - Do you know Jim Do you know Jim quarrelledquarrelled with his brother? with his brother? - I dont know, _. - I dont know, _. A. nor dont I care
28、 A. nor dont I careB. nor do I careB. nor do I care C. I dont care neither C. I dont care neitherD. I dont care alsoD. I dont care also答答案案B B B B。nornor为为增增补补意意思思 也也不不关关心心 ，因因此此句句子子应应倒倒装装。A.A.错错在在用用 dont dont 再次否定，再次否定，C. neither C. neither 用法不对且缺乏连词。用法不对且缺乏连词。D. D. 缺乏连词。缺乏连词。注注意意：当当soso引引出出的的句句子子用
29、用以以对对上上文文内内容容加加以以证证实实或或肯肯定定时时，不不可可用倒装结构。意为用倒装结构。意为 的确如此的确如此 。 Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did.Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did. “Its raining hard.” “So it is.” “Its raining hard.” “So it is.”5 5 5 5、as, thoughas, thoughas, thoughas, though 引导的倒装句引导的倒装句引导的倒装句引导的倒装句 as
30、 / though引引导导的的让让步步从从句句必必须须将将表表语语或或状状语语提提前前（形形容容词词, 副词副词, 分词分词, 实义动词提前），例如：实义动词提前），例如： Old as my father is, he keeps up with his English study. Child as he is, he knows something of electricity. Tired as he was, he continued to work. Young as she was, she was already director of a factory. Try hard
31、as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.注意：注意：注意：注意： 1) 句句首首名名词词不不能能带带任任何何冠冠词词。句句首首是是实实义义动动词词, 其其他他助助动动词词放放在在主主语语后后。如如果果实实义义动动词词有有宾宾语语和和状状语语,随随实实义义动动词词一一起起放放在在主主语之前。语之前。 2) 让让步步状状语语从从句句中中，有有though，although时时，后后面面的的主主句句不不能能有有 but，但是但是 though 和和yet可连用。可连用。 6 6 6 6、onlyonlyonlyonl
32、y在句首要倒装的情况在句首要倒装的情况在句首要倒装的情况在句首要倒装的情况 Only in this way can you learn English well.Only in this way can you learn English well. Only Only after after being being asked asked three three times times did did he he come come to to the the meeting.meeting. 如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装，例如：如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装
33、，例如： Only when he is seriously ill does he ever stay in bed. Only when he is seriously ill does he ever stay in bed.7 7 7 7、其他部分倒装、其他部分倒装、其他部分倒装、其他部分倒装1) 1) so that so that 句型中的句型中的so so 位于句首时，需倒装。位于句首时，需倒装。 So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch. So frightened was he that he did
34、not dare to move an inch.2) 2) 在某些表示祝愿的句型中：在某些表示祝愿的句型中： May you all be happy. May you all be happy.3) 3) 在在虚虚拟拟语语气气条条件件句句中中从从句句谓谓语语动动词词有有were, were, had, had, shouldshould等等词词，可可将将if if 省省略略，把把 were, were, had, had, should should 移移到到主主语语之之前前，采采取取部部分分倒倒装。装。 Were I you, I would try it again. Were I y
35、ou, I would try it again.典型例题：典型例题：典型例题：典型例题：1. Not until the early years of the 19th century _ what heat is. A. man did know B. man knew C. didnt man know D. did man know2. Not until I began to work _ how much time I had wasted. A. didnt I realize B. did I realize C. I didnt realize D. I realize3.
36、Do you know Tom bought a new car? I dont know, _. A. nor dont I care B. nor do I care C. I dont care neither D. I dont care also答案为答案为D。 Not until 引导的词组位于句首，后面的句子要倒装。引导的词组位于句首，后面的句子要倒装。答案为答案为B。 Not until 引导从句位于句首，后面的主句要倒装。引导从句位于句首，后面的主句要倒装。答答案案为为B。句句中中的的nor引引出出部部分分倒倒装装结结构构，表表示示也也不不。由由 so, neither, nor引引导导的的倒倒装装句句，表表示示前前一一情情况况的的重重复复出出现现。其其中中, so用用于肯定句于肯定句, 而而 neither, nor 用在否定句中。用在否定句中。
