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1、专题二专题二 议论文型书面表达议论文型书面表达专题二议论文型书面表达专题二议论文型书面表达专题导读专题导读专题二专题二 专题导读专题导读议论文的篇章特点议论文的篇章特点 议议论论文文的的结结构构一一般般有有引引子子、正正文文和和结结论论句句三三部部分分。一一般般在在引引子子部部分分提提出出论论点点,即即文文章章的的主主题题,在在正正文文部部分分摆摆出出事事实实,对对论点进行严密的论证,最后根据前面的论证得出结论。论点进行严密的论证,最后根据前面的论证得出结论。议论文写作三要素议论文写作三要素 议论文有三要素,即论点、论据和论证。议论文有三要素,即论点、论据和论证。 论论点点的的基基本本要要求求
2、是是:观观点点正正确确,认认真真概概括括,有有实实际际意意义义,恰当地综合运用各种表达方式;恰当地综合运用各种表达方式;专题二专题二 专题导读专题导读 论据的基本要求是:真实可靠,充分典型;论据的基本要求是:真实可靠,充分典型;论论证证的的基基本本要要求求是是:推推理理必必须须符符合合逻逻辑辑。论论证证的的方方法法多多种种多多样样,常用的方法有:常用的方法有: 1归归纳纳法法:从从分分析析典典型型,即即分分析析个个别别事事物物入入手手,找找出出事事物的共同特点,然后得出结论。物的共同特点,然后得出结论。 2推推理理法法:从从一一般般原原理理出出发发,对对个个别别事事物物进进行行说说明明、分分析
3、,而后得出结论。析,而后得出结论。 3对对照照法法:对对所所有有事事实实、方方面面进进行行对对照照,然然后后加加以以分分析析,得出结论。得出结论。专题二专题二 专题导读专题导读 4驳驳论论法法:先先列列出出错错误误的的观观点点,然然后后加加以以逐逐条条批批驳驳,最最后阐明自己的观点。后阐明自己的观点。议论文的写作要点议论文的写作要点 1确定论点。论点通常在文章的第一段提出。确定论点。论点通常在文章的第一段提出。 2要有足够的论据,可以列举生活的实例。要有足够的论据,可以列举生活的实例。 3论论证证要要有有严严密密的的逻逻辑辑性性。所所有有事事实实、原原因因、理理由由应应紧紧密地同结论连接起来。
4、密地同结论连接起来。 4层次要清楚。层次要清楚。专题二专题二 专题导读专题导读 5态度诚恳、友好,因为议论文重在说理,以理服人。态度诚恳、友好,因为议论文重在说理,以理服人。 议议论论文文在在写写作作手手法法上上以以议议论论为为主主,但但有有时时也也要要运运用用说说明明、叙叙述述、描描写写等等手手法法。议议论论中中的的说说明明常常为为议议论论的的开开展展创创造造条条件件,或或是是议议论论的的补补充充;议议论论文文中中的的叙叙述述和和描描写写应应是是为为论论点点提提供供依依据据的的。因此,叙述应该是概括的,描写应该是简要的。因此,叙述应该是概括的,描写应该是简要的。 6论据要充分。论据要充分。
5、欲欲证证明明自自己己的的观观点点必必须须有有充充分分的的证证据据。作作者者可可以以列列举举事事实、展示数据、提供事例、借助常识或利用亲身经历等。实、展示数据、提供事例、借助常识或利用亲身经历等。专题二专题二 专题导读专题导读 表示不同观点的套语表示不同观点的套语 总起:总起: Different people hold different opinions. Opinions are divided. People have taken/adopted different attitudes towards People have different opinions on this prob
6、lem. People take different views on this question.专题二专题二 专题导读专题导读 表达不同观点:表达不同观点: of them hold the opinion that .of them are in favor of the idea that People who are for/against the idea think Some people believe that.Others argue that 不同观点之间的衔接:不同观点之间的衔接: However, of them hold a different view./ of
7、them hold the opposite opinion. People who are against it dont think so. However, each coin has two sides.专题二专题二 专题导读专题导读 Different from those, people think On the other hand, people object that 并列关系:并列关系:and, as well as, also 递进关系:递进关系:besides, in addition, moreover, whats more 比比较较、对对比比关关系系:like,
8、unlike, on the contrary, on the other hand专题二专题二 真题典例真题典例真题典例真题典例 2011湖湖北北卷卷 请请根根据据以以下下提提示示,结结合合你你校校园园生生活活中中的的一个事例,就与人合作这一话题,用英语写一篇短文。一个事例,就与人合作这一话题,用英语写一篇短文。 Working in groups at school is an opportunity to learn more about teamwork. Teamwork shows us how other peoples roles fit the purpose of the
9、group, and it teaches us to be patient and how to respond to different people.专题二专题二 真题典例真题典例 注意:注意: 无须写标题,不得照抄英语提示语;无须写标题,不得照抄英语提示语; 除诗歌外,文体不限;除诗歌外,文体不限; 内容必须结合校园生活中的一个事例;内容必须结合校园生活中的一个事例; 文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称;文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称; 词数为词数为100左右。左右。专题二专题二 真题典例真题典例【解析】【解析】 One possible version: Years of school
10、life has taught me a lot of things, of which teamwork is the most important for me. In fact, I didnt realize its importance until I was chosen monitor of my class in my senior middle school. At first, I did most of the duties myself while other students cared little about class activities. As a resu
11、lt, I was tired out and depressed. Then专题二专题二 真题典例真题典例 I turned to my teacher and he advised me to cooperate with others. Thus I began to recognize the strengths of my classmates and have everyone do their part in class. It is working in teams instead of on my own that has freed me of trouble and ma
12、de my work more efficient.专题二专题二 新题预测新题预测下下面面是是一一个个关关于于中中学学生生怎怎样样使使用用零零用用钱钱的的调调查查结结果果,请请根根据表格提示写一篇文章。据表格提示写一篇文章。新题预测新题预测零用零用钱的的使用使用现状状1.购买书籍、学籍、学习资料,料,约占占55%;2.饮食方面,食方面,约占占27%;3.娱乐方面方面(上网、玩游上网、玩游戏等等),约占占18%。零用零用钱的的使用建使用建议1.购买学学习用品;用品;2.把零用把零用钱积攒起来,帮起来,帮助需要帮助的人;助需要帮助的人;3.你的看法。你的看法。专题二专题二 真题典例真题典例 注意:
13、注意:1.文章要涵盖表格内的所有内容;文章要涵盖表格内的所有内容; 2词数词数120左右。左右。 参考词汇:零花钱参考词汇:零花钱pocket money 专题二专题二 新题预测新题预测 【解析】【解析】 (一一)One possible version: Recently, a survey has been done on how middle school students spend their pocket money. According to the results, 55% of the students spend their pocket money on their st
14、udy, such as buying reference books. About 27% use their money for food and drink. While the rest spend their money on entertainment, such as, surfing the Internet and playing PC games.专题二专题二 新题预测新题预测 Since students are consumers, not producers, they should use the pocket money wisely and properly.
15、Buying books or saving money to help those in need is good ways. In addition, it is meaningless and useless to spend much money on unnecessary entertainment. Anyway, it is not easy for our parents to earn money, so we students should learn to use pocket money carefully.专题二专题二 新题预测新题预测 (二二) 随随着着电电脑脑和
16、和因因特特网网的的普普及及,网网上上购购物物也也进进入入了了人人们们的的日日常常生生活活,有有人人支支持持网网上上购购物物,也也有有人人对对其其持持保保留留态态度度,你你的的看看法法是什么?根据下表写一篇文章。是什么?根据下表写一篇文章。支持者支持者反反对者者1.节省省时间、精力,、精力,对忙碌的人、老年人或一忙碌的人、老年人或一些行些行动不方便的人更是不方便的人更是如此如此2.网上有大量的商品信网上有大量的商品信息,可以息,可以买到当地没有到当地没有的的东西西1.网上所网上所见的商品有可能与的商品有可能与实物不一致,物不一致,质量量难以保以保证2.网上欺网上欺诈造成投造成投诉困困难你的看法?
17、你的看法?专题二专题二 新题预测新题预测 注意:注意:1.不要逐条翻译;不要逐条翻译;2.词数词数120左右。左右。 参考词汇:投诉参考词汇:投诉complain v/ complaint n.专题二专题二 新题预测新题预测 【解析】【解析】 (二二)One possible version: Online shopping is common in our daily life now. There are two kinds of opinions about it. Some people think that online shopping has a lot of advantage
18、s. The most important one is its convenience. People dont have to waste their time and energy to go from one shop to another to buy commodities they like. This is especially useful to the busy people, the aged and the disabled people 专题二专题二 新题预测新题预测who cant go to shops in person. Besides, on the Int
19、ernet there is enough information of all kinds of commodities, and people are able to buy things from a distant place. But other people object to online shopping. They think that the real goods may be different from what the consumers have seen on the Net, thus the quality of commodities bought onli
20、ne may not be ensured. Whats worse, once cheated online, one may find it difficult to make a complaint. In my opinion, it is better for all to be careful when shopping online.9、静夜四无邻,荒居旧业贫。2024/9/162024/9/16Monday, September 16, 202410、雨中黄叶树,灯下白头人。2024/9/162024/9/162024/9/169/16/2024 2:21:33 AM11、以我
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23、16Sep-2416-Sep-2412、世间成事,不求其绝对圆满,留一份不足,可得无限完美。2024/9/162024/9/162024/9/16Monday, September 16, 202413、不知香积寺,数里入云峰。2024/9/162024/9/162024/9/162024/9/169/16/202414、意志坚强的人能把世界放在手中像泥块一样任意揉捏。16 九月 20242024/9/162024/9/162024/9/1615、楚塞三湘接,荆门九派通。九月 242024/9/162024/9/162024/9/169/16/202416、少年十五二十时,步行夺得胡马骑。20
24、24/9/162024/9/1616 September 202417、空山新雨后,天气晚来秋。2024/9/162024/9/162024/9/162024/9/169、杨柳散和风,青山澹吾虑。2024/9/162024/9/16Monday, September 16, 202410、阅读一切好书如同和过去最杰出的人谈话。2024/9/162024/9/162024/9/169/16/2024 2:21:33 AM11、越是没有本领的就越加自命不凡。2024/9/162024/9/162024/9/16Sep-2416-Sep-2412、越是无能的人,越喜欢挑剔别人的错儿。2024/9/1
25、62024/9/162024/9/16Monday, September 16, 202413、知人者智,自知者明。胜人者有力,自胜者强。2024/9/162024/9/162024/9/162024/9/169/16/202414、意志坚强的人能把世界放在手中像泥块一样任意揉捏。16 九月 20242024/9/162024/9/162024/9/1615、最具挑战性的挑战莫过于提升自我。九月 242024/9/162024/9/162024/9/169/16/202416、业余生活要有意义,不要越轨。2024/9/162024/9/1616 September 202417、一个人即使已登上顶峰,也仍要自强不息。2024/9/162024/9/162024/9/162024/9/16MOMODA POWERPOINTLorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Fusce id urna blandit, eleifend nulla ac, fringilla purus. Nulla iaculis tempor felis ut cursus. 感感 谢谢 您您 的的 下下 载载 观观 看看专家告诉