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1、Friendship Period 2Warming up1. Answer keys for Ex1 on Page4:trust upsetloose calm downcrazy6. set down7. go through8. on purpose9. face to face10. according to2. Answer keys for Ex. 2 on page 4: Annes sister, Margot, was very _ that the family had to move. She found it difficult to settle and _ in
2、the hiding place because she was _ _ whether they would be discovered. She knew she had to _ her parents and _ them this was necessary. At first she thought she would go _ but later she realized that it was better to _ this together.upsetcalm downconcerned according toabouttrustcrazygo through3. Ans
3、wer keys for Ex.3 on page 4:1.If you are concerned about somebody, you want to offer help because you are worried about him/her.2.Was it an accident or did David do it on purpose?3.From the very beginning, Paul made it clear that he would be entirely in control.4.He used to work outdoors even in the
4、 middle of winter. 5. Nature is all the animals, plants and other things in the world that are not made by people, and all the events that are not caused by people.6. Just the thought of more food made her feel sick.have to = have got to Assignment: find out all the sentences in warming up and readi
5、ng that contain have to or have got to. And then transfer it into the other form. (5 sentences)Its a duty to do something.Grammar直接引语和间接引语直接引语和间接引语Direct and Indirect SpeechPresentationGrammar: Direct and Indirect Speech (1)1.转述他人的陈述转述他人的陈述陈述句陈述句 She asked me what I was doing.1) He said , “Im going
6、to Beijing.” He said that he was going to Beijing.2) He asked, “Are you a teacher?” He asked me if /whether I was a doctor.3) She said , “What are you doing?”2. 转述他人的疑问转述他人的疑问一般疑问句一般疑问句3. 转述他人的问题转述他人的问题特殊疑问句特殊疑问句 直接引语变成间接引语，句子结构的变化 He said, “I have been to the Great Wall. ” He said to us that he had
7、 been to the Great Wall. He said, “Ill give you an examination next Monday. ” He told us that he would give us an examination the next Monday. 陈述句陈述句用连词用连词that引导，引导，that在口语中常省略。主句的在口语中常省略。主句的谓语动词可直接用引语中的谓语动词可直接用引语中的said, 也可用也可用told来来代替，注意，可以说代替，注意，可以说said that, said to sb. that, told sb. that，不可直接说，
8、不可直接说told that 解题步骤解题步骤: : 1.1.陈述句陈述句: :“I dont like computers,” Sarah said to her friends.Sarah said to her friends that I dont likecomputers.saiddidntsheSarah said to her friends that she didnt like computers.Sarah一般疑问句一般疑问句 He said, “Do you have any difficulty with pronunciation?” He asked (me) w
9、hether/if I had any difficulty with my pronunciation. He said, “You are interested in English, arent you?” He asked whether I was interested in English. 间接引语用连词间接引语用连词whether或或if引导，原主句中引导，原主句中谓语动词谓语动词said要改为要改为asked(me/him/us等等)，语，语序是陈述句的语序序是陈述句的语序 2.一般疑问句一般疑问句:Is it easy to improve the condition of
10、 the soil?( They asked him )They asked himifIt is easy to improve the condition of the soil.it is easy to improve the condition of the soil.askediswasThey asked him if it was easy to improve the condition of the soil.特殊疑问句特殊疑问句 He said to me，“Whats your name?” He asked me what my name was. He asked
11、us, “How many car factories have been built in your country?” He asked us how many car factories had been built in our country. 原来的疑问词作为间接引语的连词，主原来的疑问词作为间接引语的连词，主句的谓语动词用句的谓语动词用ask(sb. )来表达，语序改来表达，语序改为陈述句语序为陈述句语序 3.3.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句：When do you harvest the wheat ?( They asked him )They asked himWhenyou h
12、arvest the wheatyou harvest the wheat.heheharvestedThey asked him when he harvested the wheat.选择疑问句选择疑问句 He asked, “Do you speak English or French?” He asked me whether I spoke English or French. I asked, “Will you take bus or take train?” I asked him whether he would take bus or take train. 用用wheth
13、eror表达，而不用表达，而不用ifor，也，也不用不用eitheror 5. 5. 注意地点的变化注意地点的变化在直接引语变为间接引语时需要注意的变化在直接引语变为间接引语时需要注意的变化1. 1. 注意时态的变化注意时态的变化2. 2. 注意人称变化。注意人称变化。3. 3. 注意指示代词的变化注意指示代词的变化4. 4. 注意时间的变化注意时间的变化6. 6. 注意个别趋向动词的变化注意个别趋向动词的变化When you change a sentence from direct speech to indirect speech, you sometimes need to chang
14、e the verb tense. You may also need to change pronouns , time in order to keep the same meaning.Direct indirect PresentpastPast past and past perfectPresent perfect past perfect Past perfectpast perfectThe geography teacher told us that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.谓语动词时态变化需要注意几点：谓
15、语动词时态变化需要注意几点：1.1.直接引语表述的是客观真理，变为间直接引语表述的是客观真理，变为间接引语时，时态不变接引语时，时态不变The geography teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.”She says that shell never forget the days in the country.2.2. 如果直接引语所表述的内容在目前和说话时如果直接引语所表述的内容在目前和说话时同样有效，变间接引语时，时态可不变同样有效，变间接引语时，时态可不变The children said, “W
16、e love this game.”They told us that they love that game.3.3.主句谓语动词的时态是现在时态，在引述主句谓语动词的时态是现在时态，在引述时，时态不变。时，时态不变。She says, “Ill never forget the days in the country.”1. 当主句的谓语动词是将来时的时候当主句的谓语动词是将来时的时候 2. 当直接引语部分带有具体的过去时间状语时当直接引语部分带有具体的过去时间状语时 3. 当直接引语中有以当直接引语中有以when, while引导的从句，引导的从句，表示过去的时间时表示过去的时间时 4.
17、 当引语是谚语、格言时当引语是谚语、格言时5. 当直接引语中有情态动词当直接引语中有情态动词should, would, could, had better, would rather, might, must, ought to, used to, need时时 从句时态无须改变的还有以下情况从句时态无须改变的还有以下情况: 直接引语直接引语 间接引语间接引语指示指示代词代词 时时 间间 状状 语语 地点状语地点状语 方向性动词方向性动词 this, that, these those now, then, today that day this week that week yesterd
18、ay the day before last week the week before four days ago four days before the day before yesterday two days before tomorrow the next daynext month the next month here there come, go,bring take 直接引语中的助动词直接引语中的助动词 间接引语中的助动词间接引语中的助动词shallshouldshouldShould（不变）（不变）willwouldwouldWould（不变）（不变）maymightmig
19、htMight（不变）（不变）cancouldcouldCould（不变）（不变）mustMust/had to1. He said , “I m afraid I cant finish this work.”2.He said , “I havent heard from him since May.” 3.Tom said “I will see you next week.” He said that he was afraid he couldnt finish that work.He said that he hadnt heard from him since May.Tom
20、said that he would see me the next week.Exercises4. “Why were you late again?” The teacher said to me. 5. “I dont like swimming,” said Sarah. 6. His friends asked him if he would go to Dalian.7. “Have you been to Paris?” My classmate asked me.The teacher asked me why I was late again.Sarah said she
21、didnt like swimming.His friends asked him, “Will you go to Dalian?”My classmate asked me if I had been to Paris.My classmate asked me if I had been to Paris.1.Readers can _ quite well without knowing the exact meaning of each word. A. get over B. get in C. get along D. get through高考链接高考链接C解析：解析：答案答案
22、C C。本题主要考查具体语境中。本题主要考查具体语境中getget短语的用法。全句意为：尽管读者不知道每短语的用法。全句意为：尽管读者不知道每个单词的确切含义，但他们能够很好得读懂，个单词的确切含义，但他们能够很好得读懂，即读书进展得顺利，故用即读书进展得顺利，故用get alongget along。2. Its hard for me to imagine what I would be 2. Its hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _ in love, at the age of doing today if
23、 I _ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.hometown. A. wouldnt have fallen B. had not fallen A. wouldnt have fallen B. had not fallen C. should fall D. were to fall C. should fall D. were to fallB解析：解析：答案答案B B。本题考查了。本题考查了
24、fall in lovefall in love在虚拟语气中在虚拟语气中的应用，从标志性时间状语的应用，从标志性时间状语at the age of sevenat the age of seven看，看，宾语从句内容意指过去。在虚拟语气结构中，若指过去，宾语从句内容意指过去。在虚拟语气结构中，若指过去，从句中动词形式用过去完成时，主句中谓语动词形式用从句中动词形式用过去完成时，主句中谓语动词形式用would/should/might/ could/have donewould/should/might/ could/have done。3. Father went to his doctor
25、for _ about his heart trouble. A. an advice B. advice C. advices D. the advicesB解析：答案B。Advice若作“忠告，劝告，建议”讲，无论什么情况下都不可数，故A、C、D各项均属错误。Advice前不能用不定冠词，但可被some，much，a lot of/lots of，a piece of，a bit of，a word of等修饰。4. I wonder how he _ that to the teacher. A. dare to say B. dare saying C. not dare say D. dared sayD解析：答案D。本题主要考查了dare作为情态动词和实义动词的基本用法。作为实义动词，dare有人称、数和时态的变化，故dare to say与主语he相悖；dare doing结构本身错误；dare的否定形式应为dare not do(情态动词)或dont/doesnt/didnt dare (实义动词) to do。 Homework Review the knowledge of direct speech and indirect speech and summarize the rules.ConcIusion
