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1、21 Secrets to Becoming A Good SpeakerKai-Fu LeeManaging DirectorMicrosoft Research, ChinaWe Present Every Day!Not just conference talks.Product group meetingsBillG / TAB meetingsPreamble to a demoConvince a product group to be interestedPresent patent to a lawyerPresent a group result at offsite“Ele
2、vator” talksBut Im not good at it.Presentation skills can be acquired.Examples:Bill GatesKai-Fu LeeWhat Youll Learn Today:Communication skillsPreparing the TalkDelivering the TalkHandling Q&A21 secrets to becoming a good speaker.What is Communication Skills?Verbal (words spoken)Vocal (tone, range, a
3、ppeal, credibility of voice)Visual (physical appearance, clothing, gestures, eye contact)7%38%55%CommunicationSkills“Without effective delivery, a speech of the highest mental capacity can be held in no esteem.With effective delivery,even one with moderate abilities maysurpass those of the highest t
4、alent.”- Cicero “The man who can think and does not knowhow to express what he thinksis at the level of him who cannot think.”- PericlesThe Importance of Communication SkillsCommunication Skills = Fake?Most important factor is PASSION!If youre passionate, your vocal & visual skills will come natural
5、ly.Passion could come from subject, experience, or environment.“There is just one sure cure for bad speeches Get truly excited on the subject, and 99 percent of the faults of your speaking will disappear.”- Robert Montgomery But there are skills to be learned.Like reading, writing, typing.Must learn
6、 this, if you want your work to be understood!Verbal SkillsBe simple and clear!Dont ramble.Stop to think if you need to.Example one: Dan Quayle celebrates democracy:Example two: Dan Quayle trying to say “A mind is a terrible thing to waste”Verbal SkillsSpeaking is not like writing!Use simple words.D
7、ont use complex sentences.Can you understand this: Dont use ambiguous words in speech.Vocal SkillsProject & resonate your voice.No “UM”s and “ER”s. (Pause instead).Silence is a tool (To draw attention).Vocal SkillsPlay your voice with pitch and tempo.To amplify a point, slow down, speak loudly, exag
8、gerate inotation, pause in the right places.“You are right. I am wrong” Stalin to Trotsky“Ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country”- John F. KennedyBAD EXAMPLE : “I welcome this kind of examination, because people have to know whether their president is a crook.
9、 Well, Im not a crook.”- Richard M. NixonDont use it everywhere!Vocal Skills : Same message; many ways to deiverJohn Kennedy:“You need to contribute to your country”“Ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country”.Quayle vs. Benson Debate:Quayle: I have as much experi
10、ence in the Congress as Jack Kennedy did when he sought the presidency. Answer 1: “Jack Kennedy is better than you.” Answer 2: Senator, I served with Jack Kennedy. I knew Jack Kennedy. Jack Kennedy was a friend of mine. Senator, youre no Jack Kennedy.“Vocal Skills : EnthusiasmPassion & Enthusiasm!If
11、 youre not passionate, why should we care?Example: Martin Luther KingI have a dream.That one dayThis nation will rise upLive up to the true meaning to its creed:We hold these truths to be self-evidentThat all men are created equal. Visual SkillsVisual Skills THE most importantAppear trustworthy & re
12、spectful.US Election 1960 was won on visual skills.Components of Visual SkillsEyesBodyHandsFaceVisual Skills EyesLook forward at audience (trust)Dont shift eyeballs; dont look in corner.Dont look too much at computer screen or your notes.Look at peoples faces (not eyes)3-6 seconds per person.Shift r
13、andomly.Nod, smile, use facial expression.Visual Skills BodyStand up when talking.Walk around = informal.Dont:Rock, shake, lean too much.Visual Skills HandsGesture complements talk.Should come naturally, without thinking.Make sure they match!Need to exaggerate a littleEspecially with large audience.
14、Dont fidget or put in pocket.Videotape whole talk & watch.Visual Skills FaceShow emotion!Most of the time:“I care a lot about this.”“I really believe in this.”“I love my work.”Sometimes (in response to questions).“This is the most outrageous thing Ive ever heard.”“I will have nothing to do with this
15、.”What Youll Learn Today:Communication skillsPreparing the TalkDelivering the TalkHandling Q&A21 secrets to becoming a good speaker.Preparing the TalkAlways OVERPREPARE!Preparation includes:Researching the background.Organizing the talk.Writing the slides.Rehearsing the talk.Last minute things.Resea
16、rching the BackgroundWhen youre invited, find out:How long is the talk?Whats the topic?(Say no if you dont care about the topic).Whos the audience.Once you say yes, you are COMMITTED to do a great job.Organizing the TalkYoure the salesman.First lesson for salesmen:“Tell them what youre going to say.
17、Say it.Tell them what you said” Very similar to your paper!The Central Message (it)People will not remember everything.Have ONE clear walk-away message.What do you want people to remember in 3 months?The answer to the question: “How was the talk?”Repeat it!The OpeningSay something provoking!Give a (
18、very short) outline/overview.The SubstanceLogical.Convincing.Help them remember the message!Anticipate doubts & remove them.Smooth transitions Dont lose the audienceOK to re-order the sub-topics.Keep repeating the message!The EndingEnd with a BANG!Repeat the message.Say thank you.Writing the Visuals
19、 (PowerPoint)Prepation (80% time)First prepare outline (recommend : Word).Then modify outline for:Logic onvincing, flow, transitions.Actual Slide Writing (20% time)Should come almost directly from the outline.Use of Visuals (PowerPoint)Visuals only support your talk.Spend more time on your talk!Simp
20、le and clear1 idea; 3 sub-concepts; = 6 lines.Readable Big & color-coordinated.Dont read from the slides!What if Talk is ComplexDont lose people.Use grayed out outline.If idea is complex:Try really hard to avoid complex slides, butIf you must use it, use layers (prevent read-ahead & lack of focus).R
21、emember to change slides for printing.Example.If you must use complex layersa good exampleContent ServerProxy ServerClients3. return content1. open connection & send requestContent re-authoringClient/UserprofilesAdaptationschemesNetworkmonitoringCaching &pre-fetchingmanagement2. retrieve content 2.
22、retrieve content 3. retrieve network data, user/client profiles4. perform adaptation5. return content1. open connection & send requestUse of Demos / MultimediaKeeps the talk interesting.Dont overdo it.Should be tied to content.Ordering : 2,N, N-1, N-2,.3, 1 Rehearsing Your TalkRecord & listen to eve
23、ry talk at least twice!Record:Best : PowerPoint features.OK : Tape recorder.Must do sometime :VideoAsk experienced speaker to critique.Improve:Style, logic, timing per slide.Get the Timing Right!Running out of time is a disaster.Write how much time should remain on each slide.After youre more experi
24、enced.No longer necessary to record.Every new talk still must be rehearsed.Bring notes if you arent confident.Just Before the Talk.Prepare something matching the occasion.Make sure youre not too tired:Get enough sleep the previous night.Drink 3 cups of coffee!What Youll Learn Today:Communication ski
25、llsPreparing the TalkDelivering the TalkHandling Q&A21 secrets to becoming a good speaker.Delivering the TalkOvercoming language barrier.Overcoming nervousness. Art of Good Opening & ending.HumorAudience participationOvercoming Language BarrierPerfect English not necessary.Know your limitations.Dont
26、 use fancy words, complex sentences.Dont take any chance of looking silly.OK to bring cheat notes!Outline & ScriptAlways make an outline.PowerPoint notes; Word Outline.Dont have to use it.It may be best to READ a speech.No excuse not to be fluent! (practice!)Dont stare at paper.(Memorize it if youre
27、 prefer).Overcoming Nervousness“Do the thing you fearand the death of fear is certain.”- Ralph Waldo EmersonHiding NervousnessIt is possible to hide nervousness!Dont let the shaking show!Make a fist; hold the lectern.Speak loudly.Take a deep breath.Look at a friendly face.Look above peoples heads.Ar
28、t of Good Opening & EndingOpeningSay something relevant to the occasion.Need to research background before the talk.Ending“If you remember only one thing from this talk, then you should remember XXX”.HumorGood humor:Respectful.Relevant (better yet: original).Short.Plan your jokes:Remember what worke
29、d.Use it again!HumorHow to tell a joke?Set up (people should know a joke is coming up).Pause after climax (punch line).Move on naturally if no reaction!Audience ParticipationBest way for people to remember!Ask audience a questionAnticipate their answer(s)!Respond with something interesting AND relev
30、ant.Be YourselfLearn the skills; dont copy the styles.You must be yourself to be credible.Many styles could be effective:Bill Gates Brilliant technologistSteve Ballmer Powerful salesmanSteve Jobs Passionate evangelistWhat Youll Learn Today:Communication skillsPreparing the TalkDelivering the TalkHan
31、dling Q&A21 secrets to becoming a good speaker.Q&AQ&A is your chance to:Amplify your points.Increase your credibility.Dealing with QuestionsEasy QuestionsAmplify your points!Hard QuestionsNo need to answer directly.But dont hide!Narrow QuestionsTake offline.Q&A Giving A Good AnswerRespect the listen
32、erRight body languageRepeat the questionComplete if people cannot hear.Paraphrase to help amplify your point.If people are too shy, you start!Dont argue or dismiss a question.21 Secrets#1 Anybody can learn to give a good talk.21 Secrets#2 Dont give a talk unless youre passionate.21 Secrets#3 Use sim
33、ple and clear words.21 Secrets#4 Play your voice to focus on key points.21 Secrets#5 Silence is a great tool.21 Secrets#6 Overprepare every talk.21 Secrets#7 Tell them what youre going to say.Say it.Tell them what you said.21 Secrets#8 Have ONE clear central message for:the question “How was the tal
34、k”21 Secrets#9 Open your talk with something thought-provoking21 Secrets#10 Slides should be simple & clear.21 Secrets#11 Dont read from your slides.21 Secrets#12 Order your demos.21 Secrets#13 Rehearse & listen to each talkat least twice!21 Secrets#14 Time your talk on every slide.21 Secrets#15 It
35、may be OK to read from a script.21 Secrets#16 Stay awake!Drink 3 cups of coffee before your talk.21 Secrets#17 It is possible to hide nervousness.21 Secrets#18 Tailor your opening remarks to the occasion.21 Secrets#19 “If you only remember one thing fromthis talk, you should remember XXX”21 Secrets#20 Humor & Interactivity must berelevant and well-planned.21 Secrets#21 Q&A can help you more than the audience.ConclusionGiving a talk is easyIt just takes:A little passionA lot of practice!
