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1、状语从句类型状语从句类型及其从属连词及其从属连词要要 点点 归归 纳纳典典 句句 示示 例例时时间间状状语语从从句句(通常通常用现用现在时在时表示表示将来将来的意的意义义)when1.从句的动作和主句的动从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生，也可以作可以同时发生，也可以先后发生。从句谓语动词先后发生。从句谓语动词为延续性动词或非延续性为延续性动词或非延续性动词动词2when作并列连词作并列连词and at this/that time，意为，意为“那时，这时那时，这时”；常用于下；常用于下列句式：列句式：When the fire broke out，all the students were
2、sleeping soundly.We were having a meeting when someone broke in.We were about to set off when it suddenly began to rain.状语从句类型状语从句类型及其从属连词及其从属连词要要 点点 归归 纳纳典典 句句 示示 例例时间状时间状语从语从句句(通常通常用现用现在时表在时表示将来示将来的意义的意义)while1.从句的动作与主句的动作从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生，强调一段时间，同时发生，强调一段时间，从句的谓语动词为延续性动从句的谓语动词为延续性动词词2while作并列连词，意为作
3、并列连词，意为“而，却而，却”，表示对比，还，表示对比，还可表示可表示“尽管尽管”，引导让步，引导让步状语从句状语从句Please dont talk so loud while others are working.Father was preparing a report while I was playing PC Games.While I understand what you say，I cant agree with you.as从句的动作与主句的动作同从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生，从句谓语一般为延时发生，从句谓语一般为延续性动词续性动词They talked as they
4、walked along the river.状语从句类型状语从句类型及其从属连词及其从属连词要要 点点 归归 纳纳典典 句句 示示 例例时间状时间状语从语从句句(通常通常用现用现在时表在时表示将来示将来的意义的意义)till与与until1.当当till/until所在句子的主句和从句所在句子的主句和从句都用肯定式时，主句的动词为延续都用肯定式时，主句的动词为延续性动词，此时性动词，此时till/until意为意为“一直一直到到为止为止”。如主句用否定形式，。如主句用否定形式，从句用肯定形式，此时主句的动词从句用肯定形式，此时主句的动词为非延续性动词，构成为非延续性动词，构成not.till
5、/until结构，意为结构，意为“直到直到才才”2not until置于句首时主句要倒装置于句首时主句要倒装3强调句型中多用强调句型中多用until。且对。且对not.until句式中句式中until引导的从句进引导的从句进行强调时，要将行强调时，要将not与与until放在一起放在一起进行强调进行强调4till不可以置于句首，而不可以置于句首，而until可以可以Ill stay here till/until the rain stops.He didnt go home till/until he finished his homework.Not until he pointed it
6、 out did I realize my mistake.It was not until dark that we began to go home.Until you told me I had no idea of it.状语从句类型状语从句类型及其从属连词及其从属连词要要 点点 归归 纳纳典典 句句 示示 例例时间状时间状语从句语从句(通常通常用现用现在时表在时表示将来示将来的意义的意义)before与与since1.before本意为本意为“在在之之前前”，还可引申为，还可引申为“还未还未就就”“”“不到不到就就”“”“直到直到才才”2It will be一段时间一段时间befor
7、e.多久之后才多久之后才3since意为意为“自从自从以以来来”，“自从自从”，主句要，主句要用完成时。用完成时。since从句中的从句中的谓语动词若是延续性的，谓语动词若是延续性的，则表示过去的动作或状态则表示过去的动作或状态的结束；的结束；since从句中的谓从句中的谓语动词若是非延续性的，语动词若是非延续性的，则表示动作的开始则表示动作的开始We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land.We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired.It will be half a year be
8、fore I come back.I have written home four times since I came here.I havent heard from him since he lived here.I havent heard from him since last year.状语从句类型状语从句类型及其从属连词及其从属连词要要 点点 归归 纳纳典典 句句 示示 例例时间状时间状语从句语从句(通常用通常用现在时现在时表示将表示将来的意来的意义义)as soon as；immediately；directly；instantly；the moment/minute；no s
9、ooner.than.；hardly/scarcely.when1.这些从属连词引导的这些从属连词引导的从句都表示从句的动作从句都表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随一发生，主句的动作随即发生，常译作即发生，常译作“一一就就”2no sooner与与hardly/scarcely引导的引导的主句谓语动词应用过去主句谓语动词应用过去完成时，而完成时，而than与与when从句中谓语应用从句中谓语应用一般过去时。此外，当一般过去时。此外，当把把no sooner和和hardly/scarcely提到句提到句首时，应用倒装语序首时，应用倒装语序The moment I saw it，I fell in
10、 love with it.He rushed upstairs immediately he heard a loud noise.No sooner had he reached home than it began to rain.状语从句类型状语从句类型及其从属连词及其从属连词要要 点点 归归 纳纳典典 句句 示示 例例时间状语从时间状语从句句(通常用现通常用现在时表示将在时表示将来的意义来的意义)the first time；every time；by the time；any timeby the time引导时间引导时间状语从句状语从句时，主句一般用将来时，主句一般用将来完成时或
11、过去完成时完成时或过去完成时The first time I saw him，he was a school teacher.By the time he arrived at the airport，the plane had taken off.状语从句类型状语从句类型及其从属连词及其从属连词要要 点点 归归 纳纳典典 句句 示示 例例地点地点状语状语从句从句where；wherever；everywhere；nowhere1.引导地点状语从句引导地点状语从句的从属连词的从属连词where，wherever指具体地点指具体地点时，从句可用于主句时，从句可用于主句之前或之后；表示抽之前或之后
12、；表示抽象条件的含义时，从象条件的含义时，从句须放在主句之前句须放在主句之前2注意区分注意区分where引引导的地点状语从句与导的地点状语从句与定语从句。定语从句。where引引导的定语从句前面必导的定语从句前面必须有一个表示地点的须有一个表示地点的名词作先行词名词作先行词We should go where the Party needs us most.Where there is a will，there is a way.Make a mark where you have any doubts or questions.(地点状地点状语从句语从句)Make a mark at the
13、 place where you have any doubts or questions.(定语从句定语从句)状语从句类型状语从句类型及其从属连词及其从属连词要要 点点 归归 纳纳典典 句句 示示 例例原原因因状状语语从从句句because；since；as；for；now(that)；seeing(that)；considering(that)；in that(由于，由于，因为；因为；在在这一点这一点上上)1.because，as，since/now that为从属连词，引导原因状为从属连词，引导原因状语从句。语从句。because表示直接原表示直接原因和理由，语气最强；回答因和理由，语气
14、最强；回答why引导的问句；用于引导的问句；用于it is.that强调结构，可受强调结构，可受just，only，merely，simply，chiefly，mainly等词修饰。等词修饰。sincenow that表示不言而喻表示不言而喻的原因，语气较的原因，语气较because弱，弱，比比as强。强。as表示理由显而易见，表示理由显而易见，多前置，语气较弱多前置，语气较弱2for并列连词，表示推测或并列连词，表示推测或判断的理由，不能位于句首判断的理由，不能位于句首He was punished only because he broke the law.Since/As/Now tha
15、t everybody is here，lets begin our discussion.He finished his task very well，considering that it was quite difficult.Theory is valuable in that it can provide a direction for practice.He must be ill，for he is absent today.状语从句类型状语从句类型及其从属连词及其从属连词要要 点点 归归 纳纳典典 句句 示示 例例条件状条件状语从句语从句if；unless；so/as long
16、 as；once；in case；on condition that；supposing(that)；suppose(that)；provided(that)；providing(that)在条件状在条件状语从句中，语从句中，用一般现用一般现在时代替在时代替一般将来一般将来时，一般时，一般过去时代过去时代替过去将替过去将来时来时Youll be late again unless you hurry.I will do it on condition that you help me.In case there is a fire，what will we do first?You can g
17、o out as long as you promise to be back before 8 oclock.Suppose/Supposing(that)your father saw you now，what would you say？状语从句类型状语从句类型及其从属连词及其从属连词要要 点点 归归 纳纳典典 句句 示示 例例目的状目的状语从句语从句so that；in order that；for fear that；in case1.so that/in order that引导引导的状语从句中需用情态动的状语从句中需用情态动词词can，could等等2in order that引
18、导的从引导的从句可位于主句前或后，句可位于主句前或后，so that引导的从句只能位于引导的从句只能位于主句之后主句之后3for fear that(惟恐，以惟恐，以防防)与与in case所引导的目的所引导的目的状语从句中谓语动词有时状语从句中谓语动词有时也用也用should/might/could动词原形动词原形Speak louder so that/in order that the people in the hall can hear you.Take your umbrella in case it should rain.状语从句类型状语从句类型及其从属连词及其从属连词要要 点
19、点 归归 纳纳典典 句句 示示 例例结果状结果状语从句语从句so that；so.that；such.that1.so that引导结果状语引导结果状语从句时，一般不用情态从句时，一般不用情态动词动词can，could等等2在在so.that.结构中，结构中，so是副词，只能修饰形是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词；而容词或副词；而such.that.结构中，结构中，such是形容词，修饰名是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组。但词或名词词组。但so还还可以与表示数量的可以与表示数量的many，few，much，little连用，形成固定搭连用，形成固定搭配配3当当so或或such置于句置于句首时，主句要用
20、倒装语首时，主句要用倒装语序序He didnt plan his time well，so that he didnt finish the work in time.He drove so carelessly that he almost lost his life.Jack is so honest a worker that we all believe him.Jack is such an honest worker that we all believe him.He got so little money that his family had to live on welfa
21、re.So fast did he walk that none of us was his equal.状语从句类型状语从句类型及其从属连词及其从属连词要要 点点 归归 纳纳典典 句句 示示 例例让步让步状语状语从句从句although；though；as；even if/though；whether.or(not).；while(尽尽管管)；1.although与与though引导引导的让步状语从句，不能与的让步状语从句，不能与but 连用，但可以与连用，但可以与yet，still，nevertheless连用连用2although引导让步状引导让步状语从句时，只能用正常语语从句时，只能用
22、正常语序，序，though在引导让步状在引导让步状语从句时可用正常语序，语从句时可用正常语序，也可用倒装语序。也可用倒装语序。as引导引导让步状语从句须用倒装，让步状语从句须用倒装，句型为：句型为：adj./adv./n.(一般一般不带冠词不带冠词)/v.(原形原形)as主语谓语主语谓语/系动词系动词Although/Though she works very hard，(yet)she makes very slow progress.Child as he is，he knows a lot.Ive a bit of cold.It is nothing much，though.Even
23、if I were busy，I would go.Whether you believe it or not，it is true.状语从句类型状语从句类型及其从属连词及其从属连词要要 点点 归归 纳纳典典 句句 示示 例例让步状让步状语从句语从句疑问词疑问词ever/no matter疑问疑问词词3though还可作副词还可作副词单独置于句末，意为单独置于句末，意为“可是，不过可是，不过”4even if/though从从句中可用陈述语气，句中可用陈述语气，也可用虚拟语气也可用虚拟语气5whoever，whatever，whomever，whichever还可以引还可以引导名词性从句导名词
24、性从句You can take whatever you like.(宾语从句宾语从句)Dont trust him，no matter what/whatever he says.(让步状语从句让步状语从句)状语从句类型状语从句类型及其从属连词及其从属连词要要 点点 归归 纳纳典典 句句 示示 例例方式方式状语状语从句从句as if/though；as1.as if/though从句从句中若与事实相反，中若与事实相反，用虚拟语气，否则用虚拟语气，否则用陈述语气用陈述语气2as if/though还还可引导表语从句可引导表语从句They completely ignore these facts as if/though they never existed.He looks as if/though he had been hit by lightning.You must do as the teacher tells you.比较比较状语状语从句从句as.as.；not as/so.as.；than；the same as等等He worked as fast as a skilled worker.It rains more often in Shanghai than in Beijing.Your watch is not the same as mine.
