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1、(2010江西高考)英语中“please”“thank you” “sorry”等礼貌用语具有增进友谊、改善关系、化解矛盾等神奇的力量，因而被称为“magic words”。请以 “Magic Power of Polite Words”为题写一篇100词左右的英语作文。体裁不限(叙述文、议论文、说明文)_ 【满分作文】Magic Power of Polite WordsMore and more people attach great importance to relationship in career success.Being polite is the first and mos
2、t important step to develop good relationship among friends.Polite words can be easy yet powerful in your daily life.Always saying “please” and “thank you” will make your friends feel more comfortable and more willing to offer help when necessary.We all know that one mans success is based on how he
3、deals with people.Always be grateful to other peoples kindness and show your gratitude through the words you speak.The more support you win from other people，the faster you will move towards your goal.Remember，being polite costs nothing but its worth millions of dollars. 【高级词汇】attach importance to.认
4、为重要be based on基于deal with对待 grateful 感激的gratitude 感激 【佳句变换】1More and more people believe that relationship plays an important part in career success.2If you always say “please” and “thank you”，your friends will feel more comfortable and they will be more willing to help you when you are in trouble.3
5、So it is always right for you to show appreciation and express your gratitude to them if other people help you.4We should keep it in mind that it is easy to be kind and good relationship is of great value in daily life as well as in our work. .词汇链条1_vi.(指火山)爆发；突然发生2_n飓风；风暴3_adv.在旁边；沿着边 prep.在旁边；沿着的边
6、4_vt.评估；评价；估计5_n波浪；波涛 vi.波动；起伏；挥手6_n潜在性；可能性；潜能 adj.可能的；潜在的7_adj.实在的；实际的8_adj.贵重的；珍贵的erupthurricanealongsideevaluatewavepotentialactualprecious9_adj.失去知觉的；未察觉的10_vt.射中；射伤11_vi.& vt.惊慌 n惊慌；恐慌12_vt.保证；担保13_n设备；装备_vt.装备14_vt.任命；委派 _n约会；任命15_adj.绝对的；完全的_adv.绝对地；完全地16_n一套外衣；套装 vt.适合；使适宜_adj.合适的17_adj.不舒服的
7、；不舒适的_adj.合适的；舒适的_vt.使安慰unconsciousshootpanicguaranteeequipmentequipappointappointmentabsoluteabsolutelysuitsuitableuncomfortablecomfortablecomfort18_adj.忧虑的；不安的_n担心；焦虑；渴望19_adj.多种多样的；不同的_n多样性；多种多样anxiousanxietydiversediversity.重点短语1_前往2_ 与相比3_ 保护免受伤害4_ 被委派为5_ 全部焚毁6be about to do sth_ 7refer to_8gla
8、nce through_9vary from.to._10give birth to_make ones waybe compared with.protect.from.be appointed asburn to the ground 即将做某事；马上就要做某事查阅，参考，指的是 匆匆看一遍 由到不等 生产；产生.经典句式1_this boy，who had a great gift for languages and persuasion，is the father of the Manchu people.据说这个男孩就是满族人的祖先，他具有语言天赋和很强的说服力。2I_go back
9、 to sleep_suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day.我刚要再睡，突然我的卧室亮如白昼。It is said thatwas about towhen3The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study，but_，I stayed at the top and watched them.另外两人攀下火山口去收集供日后研究用的岩浆，我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在山顶上观察他们。4_the information，I help othe
10、r scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast.收集和评估这些信息之后，我就帮助其他科学家一起预测熔岩接着将往何处流，流速是多少。this being my first experienceHaving collected and evaluated.短文填空On the morning of April 18,1906，a terrible earthquake hit San Francisco，_1_almost the whole city and causing a fir
11、e that_2_for three days.The author writes about the human drama._3_(follow) more than 100 different characters over several days，he shows some of the extreme courage in those days，such as the tired firefighters who_4_the fires.This new book，appearing exactly 95 years_5_the disaster，should be very_6_
12、with people who like reading about disasters，particularly_7_who enjoy the thrill of reading about_8_from the safety of their favourite reading chair.答案1.destroying2.lasted3.Following4.fought5after6.popular7.those8.danger appoint sb(as).任命某人为appoint sb to.派某人去任职appoint sb to do sth委派去做某事make an appoi
13、ntment with sb与某人约会(1)We must someone act as secretary.我们得指定一个人当秘书。牛津(2)Weve appointed three new teachers this year.今年我们任命了三位新教师。剑桥appointto直通高考看看高考怎么考(1)I left it early because I had an _ later that day.(2011广东卷语法填空，16)答案appointment(2)Good morning.Ive got an _ with Miss Smith in the Personnel Depar
14、tment.Ah，good morning.You _ be Mrs.Peters.(2010北京卷，23)答案appointment；mustbe anxious for/about为担心；关心be anxious to do sth渴望做某事with anxiety 焦虑地anxious/eager/keen辨析anxious 指“热切地希望实现愿望，并因顾虑愿望会落空而心情不安，感到焦虑”。eager指“以巨大的热情可望实现愿望或达到目的”，有时也指“由于其他感情的影响而表现地急不可耐”。keen指“对某人、某物怀有极大的兴趣或热情。”(1)I my sons health.我非常担心儿
15、子的健康。牛津(2)The company is anxious to improve its image.这家公司就要改变它的形象。朗文am very anxious about直通高考看看高考怎么考(1)Studies have shown that to be bored is to be _. (2011广东卷完形填空)答案anxious(2)Are you _ and restless if you are separated from your mobile phone？(2011山东卷阅读表达)答案anxiouspanic sb into doing sth使某人仓促地做某事be
16、/get into a panic陷入恐慌in panic惊慌地(1)I when I found the door was locked.我发觉门锁上了，十分惊慌。牛津(2)As the bees came closer，his increased.蜜蜂飞近了，他更加恐慌。剑桥got into a panicpanic直通高考看看高考怎么考(1)The chicken was on fire._49_set in，but Mary could not runshe was_50_to the spot.(2011 江西卷完形填空) 49A.Panic BPain CNoise DStress
17、解析考查名词辨析。句意为：Mary感到一阵恐慌。panic表示“恐慌、慌乱”，符合语境，故选A。答案A50A.frozen Bdragged Cpushed Dbrought解析考查动词辨析。根据上文“but Mary could not run”可知，Mary好像被冻在那里，动不了了。由此可知用frozen。drag表示“拖，拉”；push表示“推”；bring表示“带来”，均不符合语境。答案A(2)It causes us to ignore physical feelings we expect to happen，but it causes a mild _ reaction when
18、 there is an unexpected feeling.(2010陕西卷阅读理解A)答案panic(1)guarantee sb sth/guarantee sth to sb向某人保证guarantee to do sth保证做某事guarantee sth(to be).保证是(2)give sb a guarantee that.向某人担保(be) under guarantee在保修期内guarantee/ensure/promise辨析guarantee侧重指使人相信某种行为或力量产生的结果。ensure指对事物的品质、人的行为及人履行义务等承担责任的保证。promise侧重
19、表达自己的主观意向，常指设法用语言使人感到稳当可靠。(1)Its still ，so the manufacturer will repair it.保证书还有效，所以厂家会给修理的。(2)I cannot guarantee to work for more than a year.我不能保证工作一年多。朗文under guarantee直通高考看看高考怎么考(1)And the other is _ that they can use the technology over long periods of time.(2011山东卷阅读理解D)答案to guarantee(2)Why is
20、 food or drink not allowed on the journey？_ passengers safety.(2011湖北卷听力)答案To guaranteemake up_for弥补make up of 由.组成 make fun of 嘲笑，和某人开玩笑 make the best of 充分利用 make certain 弄清楚 make up ones mind 决心，下决心make tea 泡茶make sense of理解，明白make a/ones living谋生make way for给让路make room for为让地方make up/be made up
21、 of/consist of辨析make up用部分作主语，表示“部分构成整体”，用于主动语态；如果使用整体作主语，必须用被动语态结构be made up of；consist of常用整体作主语，表示“整体由部分组成”，引申为“包含有”，不能用于被动语态，相当于be made up of。(1)What are the qualities that her character?形成她性格的特质是什么？牛津(2)I saved as much as I could，and my parents made up the rest.我尽可能多节省，剩下的由父母弥补。朗文make up直通高考看看高
22、考怎么考At one point I _my mind to talk to Uncle Sam.Then I changed my mind，realizing that he could do nothing to help.(2011上海卷Grammar and Vocabulary Section A,33)答案made uppick up sth 捡起pick up BBC English programs收听BBC英语广播pick sb up at the airport到机场接某人pick up the room收拾房间pick up English不经意间学英语pick up
23、a cold着凉pick up speed加速pick out区别出；挑选出(1)She soon picked up French when she went to live in France.她到法国居住时很快学会了法语。剑桥(2)This head cover the signals from the scalp(头皮)and sends them to a computer.(2011山东卷阅读理解D)picks up直通高考看看高考怎么考(1)Companies fearful of losing their competitive advantage spend much tim
24、e and money looking for ways _ the speed.(2011四川卷阅读理解E)答案to pick up(2)I bought my ticket and turned around _ my bag from the floor and then I realized that someone had stolen it.(2011新课标卷短文改错)答案to pick up句中Having collected and evaluated.是现在分词的完成式，在句中作时间状语。当分词动作发生在谓语动作之前时，分词要用完成式。(1) over $ 200 on re
25、pairs，she wasnt expecting any more problems.维修花了200多美元，她希望不会再有问题了。剑桥(2)He arrived in San Francisco，having left New Jersey on January 19th.他于一月十九日离开新泽西州之后到达了旧金山。朗文Having spent直通高考看看高考怎么考(1)_(spend)most of her life in the wilds of Finland and toughened herself with half her teen years harsh training a
26、s a killer，she decides that she is ready to enter society.(2011广东信息匹配)答案Having spent(2)Shay didnt make it to another summer and died that winter，_(have) never forgotten being the hero and_(make)his father so happy and _(come)home and _(see)his mother tearfully hug her little hero of the day!(2011江苏阅
27、读理解D)答案having；making；coming；seeing.品句填词1She was hit on the head by a stone and knocked_(无意识的)2My time is_(珍贵的)；I can only give you a few minutes.3When he came out of the water，he was_(颤抖)with cold.4She got into a_(惊慌)when she found she had lost her necklace.5Interest is the best teacher，and a lack o
28、f interest is a_(保证)of failure.6A number of_(可能的) buyers have expressed interest in the company and placed orders for some of its products.7_(不幸)，his business failed because of his careless investment.8It was so late that he was_(着急)to leave.答案1.unconscious2.precious3.trembling4.panic5.guarantee6.po
29、tential7.Unfortunately8.anxious.短语识境burn to the ground；have a gift for；make ones way；glance through；make up；out of the way；in the distance；pick up；be home to；give birth to1Nowadays many young couples have volunteered to_only one child.2Women_over 65 percent of the workforce in that country.3Hearing
30、the bell ringing，the lady rose from her chair and_the door.4She_making every visitor feel at ease.5He carelessly_the notice on the bulletin board and got away.6I climbed the hill and saw a faint light coming from a house_.7The big fire spread across the street quickly and buildings on both sides_.8S
31、he said she_some Japanese while she was in Japan for a visit.9Zhong guancun_the Chinese Academy of Sciences and more than ten famous universities.10Make sure the kids keep_while Im working.答案1.give birth to2.make up3.made her way to4has a gift for5.glanced through6.in the distance7were burned to the
32、 ground8.picked up9.is home to10.out of the way.翻译句子1你能向我保证工作会按时完成吗？(guarantee)_2当我听到火车事故的消息时，我很担心他的安全。(anxious)_3约翰逊先生在那里住过一段时间，因此对那里很熟悉。(having done)_4对于这件事，人人意见不一。(vary)_5据说他写了一本有关工人的新书。(It is said that.)_答案1.Can you give me a guarantee that the work will be finished on time?2I was anxious about
33、his safety when I heard the news of the train accident.3Having lived there for some time，Mr.Johnson knew the place quite well.4Opinions on this matter vary from person to person.5It is said that he has written a new book about workers.He is said to have written a new book about workers.这类题主要考查考生能否正确
34、判断出作者写这篇文章的目的或作者对所描述的事件的真正看法，所以，解题时考生应重点关注短文最后一段中含有结论性的词语，以获得解题的关键信息。【典例】 (2011北京D)As the railroads and the highways shaped the American West in the past centuries，a new electrical generating(发电)and transmission(输送)system for the 21th century will leave a lasting mark on the West，for better or worse
35、.Much of the real significance of railroads and highways is not in their direct physical effect on the scenery，but in the ways that they affect the surrounding community.The same is true of big solar plants and the power lines that will be laid down to move electricity around.The money set aside in
36、negotiated tradeoffs and the institutions that control it will shape the West far beyond the immediate footprint of power plants and transmission lines.So lets remember the effects of the railroads and the highways as we construct these new power plants in the West.69What is the authors attitude tow
37、ards building solar plants?ACautious. BApproving.CDoubtful DDisapproving.解析作者态度题。根据文章第一段可知，铁路、高速公路的修建给当地造成了一定的影响，最后一段的最后一句作者提醒建设太阳能发电厂要记得当年修建铁路、高速公路造成的影响，故答案为A。答案A【归纳总结】 情感、态度题的解题之法1要学会辨别清楚文章的体裁。高考阅读理解题涉及各类文章，以议论文为主，文章的主题句往往会直接或间接地表明作者的态度、立场；说明文，因为其体裁的客观性，所以作者往往采取中立态度；记叙文，因为作者写作时也常带有某种倾向性，所以考生在读这种体裁
38、的文章时要细心捕捉表达或暗示情感、态度的词或短语，捕捉那些烘托气氛、表达情感或态度的词句。2要分清选项中的表示支持或肯定、中立、反对或否定的词语，再以此对照文章内容。下面是一些常见的有关作者情感、态度的词语：(1)表示支持或肯定的词语positive积极的，乐观的；supportive支持的；optimistic乐观的；humorous幽默的；serious严肃的；enthusiastic热情的；pleasant愉快的；concerned关切的等。(2)表示中立的词语indifferent不感兴趣的，漠不关心的，中立的；uninterested不感兴趣的；neutral中立的；imperson
39、al冷淡的；subjective主观的；objective客观的等。(3)表示反对或否定的词语disgusted憎恶的；厌恶的；critical批评的；negative否定的，消极的；suspicious怀疑的；tolerant容忍的；disappointed失望的；ironic讽刺的；sarcastic挖苦的等。(4)表示情感的词语bitter令人不快的，由痛苦引起的；sentimental伤感的；emotional 情绪激动的；angry气愤的等。【方法指导】1关注主题句，全面理解文章的内容及中心思想，同时注意把握文章的体裁。不同体裁的文章有不同的写作目的。故事类记叙文的目的通常是娱乐读者
40、(to entertain)；广告类应用文的目的一般是推销产品或服务(to persuade)；议论文的目的是要阐述论点(to argue)；科普、文化类说明文的目的大多是介绍知识，使大家广闻博见(to inform)。2在判断的过程中，我们应特别注意作者在文中的措辞，尤其是表达感情色彩的形容词。千万不能主观臆想、凭空想象、随意揣测，更不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点。在很多文章中，作者对人物或事件有明显的情感倾向，事件中人物与人物之间也会存在相互的评价等。准确地把握人物的情感、态度有利于从整体上理解文章的写作意图及从细节上理解人物之间的关系和事件发生的前因后果。单击此处进入单击此处进入 活页限时训练活页限时训练教育技巧的全部诀窍就在于抓住儿童的这种上进心，这种道德上的自勉。要是儿童自己不求上进，不知自勉，任何教育者就都不能在他的身上培养出好的品质。可是只有在集体和教师首先看到儿童优点的那些地方，儿童才会产生上进心。苏霍姆林斯基只有集体和教师首先看到学生优点的地方，学生才能产生上进心。苏霍姆林斯基
