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1、英国概况英国概况Chapter1GeneralIntroductiontoPhysiographicalFeaturesoftheUKTheLocationsoftheUKThePhysiographicalFeaturesoftheUKRiversandMountainsClimateandweatherPopulationTheMajorCitiesExercisesandAnswersFocusquestionsWhatisthefullnameoftheBritishstate?Whatcountriesdoesitconsistof?Whatisthetotalpopulationo
2、ftheUnitedKingdom?WheredomostBritishpeoplelive?WhatisthemostdenselypopulatedareaofBritain?Whatistheleastpopulated?WhatarethemajorcitiesinBritain?ThreetermsBritishIslesBritainGreatBritainTwolargeislandsseveralsmallonesTheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.England,WalesScotlandThecomplicate
3、dfullnameoftheUKTheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIrelandFourparts:EnglandScotlandWalesNorthernIrelandUnionJackUnionJackThemapoftheUKThelocationoftheUKBritainissituatedinwesternEuropeandisseparatedfromtheEuropeancontinentbytheNorthSea,theStraitofDoverandtheEnglishChannel.Itisaninsularcountry.
4、Itscoastlineruns12,429km,Itisoneof thecountrieswithlongestcoastline.TothewestofitliestheAtlanticOcean,acrossandbeyonditisAmerica.ThePhysiographicalFeaturesoftheUKVariedlandscapeFlatlandsinEnglandMountainsinScoltlandandWalesEnglandEnglandAflatlandcountry,alsocalledLowlandzonePennines:thebackboneofEng
5、landLakedistrictHighlyurbanized-80%ofpopulationlivingincities-only2%workinginagriculturePhysicallylargestwithlargestpopulationDominancein:size/culture/economy-takeEnglandforUKLakeDistrict ascenicspotascenicspotinNorthWestEnglandApopularholidaydestinationbeingfamousforitslakesanditsmountainsitsassoci
6、ationswiththeearly19thcenturypoetryandwritingsofWilliamWordsworthandotherpoets.WilliamWordswortharomanticpoetappointedpoetlaureatein1843LivingintheLakedistrictafter1797（17701850）ScotlandScotlandAmountainouscountrythreenaturalzones:TheHighlandsinthenorththecentralLowlandsthesouthernUplandsBenNevis:th
7、ehighestmountainintheUKAcountryofcastlesThehighlandsinScotland：sparselypopulated,withmanymountainrangesdominatingtheregion,andincludingthehighestmountainintheBritishIsles,BenNevisThefilm:BraveHeart我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物BenNevis(1343metershigh)我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么
8、丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物AirthcastleA14thcenturycastle,aspaandaScottishcastleaccommodation,oneofthemostpopularplacesforScottishcastleweddings.我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物Stirlingcastleabout30milesfromGlasgowand40milesfromEdinbur
9、ghAlonghistory,animportantfortificationandthesiteofmanysiegesandbattles,standingoutforitsimposinglocationandstoriedhistoryWalesWalesuamountainouscountryuinthewestofGreatBritain.utakeinguplessthan9%ofthewholeisland.NorthernIrelandSmallestamongthefournationsinBritainMostlyrural,lowhills,beautifullakei
10、nthesouth-west,ruggedcoastline我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物Giantscauseway(巨人之路)(1)The8thNaturalWonderoftheWorld(suburbofBelfast)，SixtymillionyearsagonGiantsCauseway（2）-astretchofbasalticrockpillarsweatheredtodifferentheightsandpresentingasteppedsurfaceonthenort
11、hcoastofNorthernIreland.37,000columnsformedbycoolinglava.-legend:FinnMaCoolbuiltittocrosstheseatoScotland我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物Giantscauseway（3）Prodigiousskills(鬼斧神工)ofNature:Climate and WeatherAmaritimetypeofclimate:rainy,changeableandunpredictablerarel
12、yrisingabove32insummerorfallsbelow10inwinter.mildwintersandcoolsummersPopulationThetotalpopulation:about62000000(2009)Highlyurbanized:80%livingincitiesand20%livinginthecourysideThemostdenselypopulatedarea:EnglandTheleastpopulatedarea:NorthernIrelandAmultiracialsocietywhichproducesapopulationofwhich1
13、in20areofnon-Europeanethnicity.Theofficiallanguage:EnglishMountainsandRiversPennines:Chiefmountainranges:theCambrianstheGrampiainsTheGrampians:thelargestmountianrangeintheUKBenNevis:thehighestmountainintheUKThelongestriverinEngland:RiverSevern（220miles，354km)NEWSEVERNBRIDGE:thelongestbridgeintheUK,c
14、onnectingWalesandEnglandAnimportantriverinBritain:RiverThamesthesecondlongestriverintheUnitedKingdomandthelongestriverentirelyinEnglandbestkownforflowingthroughcentralLondonitsstrategicpositionatthecentreofmanyeventsinBritishhistoryamajorleisureareasupportingtourismandpleasureoutingsaswellasthesport
15、sofrowing,sailing.aspecialappealtowriters,artists,musiciansandfilm-makersandiswellrepresentedintheartsmanyriversideattractions:LondonEye,towerofLondon,HouseofParliament,etc.我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表
16、里边有一个活的生物我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物DescriptionofRiverThamesbyT.S.Eliot(1888-1965)SweetThamesrunsoftly,tillIendmysong.Theriverbearsnoemptybottles,sandwichpapers,Silkhandkerchiefs,cardboardboxescigaretteendsOrothertestimonyofsummernights.andTheriversweatsOilan
17、dtarThebargesdriftWiththeturningtideRedsailsWideToleeward,swingontheheavyspar,ThebargeswashDriftinglogsDownGreenwichreachPasttheIsleofDogsMajorcitiesLondonLiverpoolCardiffBelfastLondon-seatofgovernment-centerofculture-businesscenter-industrialcenter-largestpopulation-hometoallmedia-galleries,theatre
18、s,museums-combiningfunctionsofNewYork,Washington&LosAngeles-Oneofthefourleaingcitiesintheworld:NewYork,Paris,TokyoLondonThecapital,thelargestportandthelargestcityinBritainTheCityofLondon+InnerLondon+OuterLondon=GreaterLondonThecommercialcenter:theWestEndThepoliticalcenter:theCityofWebminster(Downing
19、street,BuckinghamPalace)Theculturalcenter:LondonUniversity(thebiggest)ThecenterofLaborMovement(Chartism)宪章运动TheOlympicsgamestobeheldherein2012TheLondonEyeaheightof135metres(443ft),thelargestFerriswheelinEuropethemostpopularpaidtouristattractionintheUnitedKingdom,BigBenlthelargestfour-facedchimingclo
20、ck,lthethird-tallestfree-standingclocktowerintheworld,lItscelebrationofits150thanniversaryinMay2009TowerBridgean iconic symbol of LondonCarriesmotorvehicles,cyclists,pedestriansCrosses ThamesTotal length 244metres(801ft)Opened 30June1894alarge,mainlyGothicchurch,inWestminster,Londonthetraditionalpla
21、ceofcoronationandburialsiteformonarchsofCommonwealthRealmsTrafalgar squareTrafalgar squareasquareincentralLondonatouristattractionWaterloobridgeTube/subway我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物WaterlooBridge我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一
22、个活的生物WaterlooBridgeStarring:VivienLeigh,RobertTaylorDirectedbyMervynLeRoy.ProducedbySidneyFranklinSynopsisBasedontheplaybyPulitzerPrize-winningplaywrightRobertE.Sherwood,WATERLOOBRIDGEstarsVivienLeighasMyra,ashyballerinawhoselifeisirrevocablyalteredinwar-tornLondon.ItsloveatfirstsightwhenMyrameetsha
23、ndsome,aristocraticBritishofficerRoyCronin(RobertTaylor)inthemidstofanairraid.Thecouplesoonplanstowed,butCroniniscalledtothefront,andshortlythereafteranewspaperreportshisdeath.Forcedoutofballetschool,aloneanddestitute,Myraturnstoprostitution.Whenshediscoversthatthenewspaperreportwasinaccurate,Myrais
24、unabletotellCroninaboutherprofessionallife,andtragedyensues.This10-handkerchiefweeperwasdirectedbyMervynLeRoy.JosephRuttenbergsphotographyisbeautiful,asistheinspiredsoundtrackbyHerbertStothart(THEWIZARDOFOZ),butwhatmakesWATERLOOBRIDGEisLeighsstunningperformanceandtheveryrealchemistrybetweenherandRob
25、ertTaylor.STPaulsCathedrallanAnglicancathedralltheseatoftheBishopofLondonloneofLondonsmostfamousandmostrecognisablesightsEdinburghthecapitalcityofScotlandeconomiccenterofScotlandatouristcitysecondonlytoLondoninU.K.aculturalcity，holdinganinternationalfestivalofmusicandtheartseveryyearThenewcityofEdin
26、burgh我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物EdiburghcastleThesymbolofEdiburghsituatedonamoundofvolcanicrockoneofScotlandsoldestcastles,unequalledinthewholeoftheBritishIslesaremarkablefortress,thehistoricalinterestofandformerroyalresidence,visitedannuallybyapproximatelyon
27、emillionpeopleNo visit to Edinburgh is complete without a visit to Edinburgh CastleCastlesinEdiburghLiverpoolThesecondlargestportofEnglandAmetropolitancityCardiffThecapitalcityofWalesAportBelfastThecapitalofNorthernIrelandAnindudtrialseaportthewheelofBelfastBelfastcityhallExercisesThefullnameoftheUn
28、itedKingdomis_and_.TheislandofGreatBritainismadeupof_,_and_.TheUnitedKingdomhasbeenamemberof_since1973.Britainisnowa_societywhichproducesapopulationofwhich1in20areof_ethnicity.Londonplaysasignificantrolein_economicandculturallife.Itsnotonlythefinancial_ofthenation,butalsooneofthe_majorinternationalfinancialcenters_.ThehighestmountaininBritainis_flowsthrouthcentralLondonanditisaveryimportantriver._isthecapitalofScotland.AnswersTheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritaintheNorthernIrelandEngland,Scotland,WalesEuropeanUnionMultiracial,non-EuropeanBritains,center,three,intheworldBenNevisThamesriverEdinburgh
