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1、中国图书馆评估的近期发展：中国图书馆评估的近期发展：中国图书馆评估的近期发展：中国图书馆评估的近期发展：研究、实践与发展研究、实践与发展研究、实践与发展研究、实践与发展Recent Developments of Library Evaluation in China: Recent Developments of Library Evaluation in China: Recent Developments of Library Evaluation in China: Recent Developments of Library Evaluation in China: Research
2、, Practice and DirectionsResearch, Practice and DirectionsResearch, Practice and DirectionsResearch, Practice and Directions张广钦张广钦张广钦张广钦 北京大学信息管理系北京大学信息管理系北京大学信息管理系北京大学信息管理系Guangqin Zhang Ph.D, Associate Prof.Guangqin Zhang Ph.D, Associate Prof.Dept. of Information Management, Peking UniversityDept.
3、 of Information Management, Peking UTerm and TypeTerm and Typeoo用什么词汇？ What words to choose?美国起步于20世纪20年代，兴起于60年代beginning at 1920s, developed in 1960s常用词语：图书馆评估、图书馆评价、绩效评估、绩效评价、绩效测评、图书馆评鉴等 library (performance) evaluation, assess, measurement, auditing, etc.Term and TypeTerm and Typeoo大概分类： Type of
4、 Lib. Evaluation:不同的范围、目的与方法：调查、标准不同的范围、目的与方法：调查、标准 by coverage/aim/method: survey, standard by coverage/aim/method: survey, standard检查性评估报告：外部评估、内部自评检查性评估报告：外部评估、内部自评 auditing reports: external auditing and internal auditingauditing reports: external auditing and internal auditing管理统计和绩效评估管理统计和绩效评估
5、 manage statistics and performance evaluation manage statistics and performance evaluation评估研究评估研究 evaluation researchevaluation researchDocumentary Statistics ResearchDocumentary Statistics ResearchDocumentary Statistics ResearchDocumentary Statistics ResearchDocumentary Statistics ResearchDocument
6、ary Statistics Research 来源出版物来源出版物来源出版物来源出版物 记录数记录数记录数记录数 JOURNAL OF THE MEDICAL LIBRARY ASSOCIATION JOURNAL OF THE MEDICAL LIBRARY ASSOCIATION 44 44ELECTRONIC LIBRARY ELECTRONIC LIBRARY 33 33JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC LIBRARIANSHIP 30JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC LIBRARIANSHIP 30COLLEGE & RESEARCH LIBRARIES COLLEGE
7、 & RESEARCH LIBRARIES 2626JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2323LIBRARY TRENDSLIBRARY TRENDS2222PORTAL-LIBRARIES AND THE ACADEMYPORTAL-LIBRARIES AND THE ACADEMY2222LIBRARY & INFORMATION SCIENC
8、E RESEARCHLIBRARY & INFORMATION SCIENCE RESEARCH2020HEALTH INFORMATION AND LIBRARIES JOURNALHEALTH INFORMATION AND LIBRARIES JOURNAL1717PROGRAM-ELECTRONIC LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SYSTEMSPROGRAM-ELECTRONIC LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS1616INFORMATION PROCESSING & MANAGEMENTINFORMATION PROCESSING &
9、MANAGEMENT1313JOURNAL OF DOCUMENTATIONJOURNAL OF DOCUMENTATION1313LIBRARY HI TECHLIBRARY HI TECH1313ASLIB PROCEEDINGSASLIB PROCEEDINGS1212INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND LIBRARIESINFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND LIBRARIES1212JOURNAL OF LIBRARIANSHIP AND INFORMATION SCIENCEJOURNAL OF LIBRARIANSHIP AND INFORMATI
10、ON SCIENCE1212ONLINE INFORMATION REVIEWONLINE INFORMATION REVIEW1111INTERLENDING & DOCUMENT SUPPLYINTERLENDING & DOCUMENT SUPPLY1010LIBRARY COLLECTIONS ACQUISITIONS & TECHNICAL SERVICESLIBRARY COLLECTIONS ACQUISITIONS & TECHNICAL SERVICES1010LIBRARY RESOURCES & TECHNICAL SERVICESLIBRARY RESOURCES &
11、TECHNICAL SERVICES1010LIBRILIBRI1010REFERENCE & USER SERVICES QUARTERLYREFERENCE & USER SERVICES QUARTERLY1010PROFESIONAL DE LA INFORMACIONPROFESIONAL DE LA INFORMACION88INFORMATION RESEARCH-AN INTERNATIONAL ELECTRONIC JOURNALINFORMATION RESEARCH-AN INTERNATIONAL ELECTRONIC JOURNAL77JOURNAL OF INFOR
12、MATION SCIENCEJOURNAL OF INFORMATION SCIENCE77Documentary Statistics ResearchDocumentary Statistics Research研究主题研究主题分主题分主题数量数量图书馆评估研究综述 Review4图书馆评估实践综述 Practice Review高校公共11图书馆评估理论研究 Theory Study Review概念研究类型理论架构111评估方法的应用研究 Evaluation Methods StudyAHP法StatsQualLibQual层次分析法模糊数学模糊综合评价法二维排序法序数排列法定性与定
13、量结合法411111111数字图书馆评估 Digital Library Evaluation综述、指标体系、方法等7国外评估方法介绍 Foreign Evaluation Methods Introductory日本美国蒙特利尔综合分析3111评估组织与操作 Organization and Operation委托代理（公共、高校）各1图书馆指标体系研究Indicator System Study高校系统（主要涉及高职高专、教学评估等）公共系统中外比较研究综合分析党校系统316221对评估工作的反思、经验总结性文章Practice Summary, Re-thinking on Evalua
14、tion Practice综合性反思高校系统高职高专公共系统其他系统公安医院体育中专中小学基层馆对业务等影响文献资源建设档案建设信息素养业务管理规范化63111107 1 1 1 1 2 111 4 5 1 1消息类 News Report9Documentary Statistics ResearchDocumentary Statistics ResearchDocumentary Statistics ResearchDocumentary Statistics Research20052005年以后图书馆评估方面论文发年以后图书馆评估方面论文发表期刊及所占比例图表期刊及所占比例图Jou
15、rnals issued the paper on Lib. Journals issued the paper on Lib. Evaluation and percentageEvaluation and percentage概念概念 DefinitionDefinitionoo图书馆评估概念包含三个基本要素：一是在图书馆评估概念中应有基本标准、目标；二图书馆评估概念包含三个基本要素：一是在图书馆评估概念中应有基本标准、目标；二是要用价值判断的基本概念；三是要以事实和统计数据为依据对图书馆工作的过程和结是要用价值判断的基本概念；三是要以事实和统计数据为依据对图书馆工作的过程和结果进行描述。
16、果进行描述。There are 3 elements in this concept: (1) Basic standards and goals must be included in There are 3 elements in this concept: (1) Basic standards and goals must be included in this concept; (2) a basic concept judged by value; (3) to describe the process and this concept; (2) a basic concept j
17、udged by value; (3) to describe the process and result of library work based on facts and statistical data.result of library work based on facts and statistical data.oo国家标准化组织信息和文献工作国家标准化组织信息和文献工作图书馆绩效指标（图书馆绩效指标（ISO11620ISO11620）对图书馆绩效评）对图书馆绩效评估的解释：图书馆提供的效能以及拨款和资源利用在提供服务中的效率，也就是效能和估的解释：图书馆提供的效能以及拨款和
18、资源利用在提供服务中的效率，也就是效能和效率的有机契合。效能（效率的有机契合。效能（EffectivenessEffectiveness）指对所设定之目标完成程度的测评。效率）指对所设定之目标完成程度的测评。效率(Efficiency)(Efficiency)是指在既定目标实现中对资源使用情况的测评。是指在既定目标实现中对资源使用情况的测评。“ “评估评估” ”是指对服务或设备是指对服务或设备的效能、效率、利用及适应的测评程序。的效能、效率、利用及适应的测评程序。概念概念 DefinitionDefinitionoo关于图书馆评估的概念主要有两种表述方式：（关于图书馆评估的概念主要有两种表述方
19、式：（1 1）与标准比对的观点）与标准比对的观点: :将图书馆评估看成是收集数据、信息，再将其与图书馆活动的目标或理将图书馆评估看成是收集数据、信息，再将其与图书馆活动的目标或理想标准比对。（想标准比对。（2 2）系统的观点，将图书馆看成一个系统，衡量图书馆）系统的观点，将图书馆看成一个系统，衡量图书馆资源资源“ “投入投入” ”与与“ “输出输出” ”成果之间的效益。成果之间的效益。Two ways are used by defining the term: (1) Comparing to the Two ways are used by defining the term: (1) C
20、omparing to the standards view point: Lib. Evaluation is to collect data, standards view point: Lib. Evaluation is to collect data, information, compared to the goal and ideal standards. (2) information, compared to the goal and ideal standards. (2) Systematical View: by considering a library as a s
21、ystem, it is Systematical View: by considering a library as a system, it is measured by profits through comparing input with output.measured by profits through comparing input with output.为什么评估？为什么评估？为什么评估？为什么评估？Why Evaluate?Why Evaluate?Why Evaluate?Why Evaluate?Wallance and Van Fleet (2001)Wallanc
22、e and Van Fleet (2001)Account for how they use their Account for how they use their limited resourceslimited resourcesExplain what they doExplain what they doEnhance their visibilityEnhance their visibilityDescribe their impactDescribe their impactIncrease efficiencyIncrease efficiencyAvoid errorsAv
23、oid errorsSupport planning activitiesSupport planning activitiesExpress concern for their publicExpress concern for their publicSupport decision makingSupport decision makingStrengthen their political positionStrengthen their political positionWeiss (1988)Weiss (1988)Determining how clients are fari
24、ngDetermining how clients are faringProviding legitimacy for decisionsProviding legitimacy for decisionsFulfilling grant requirementsFulfilling grant requirementsMaking midcourse corrections in Making midcourse corrections in programsprogramsMaking decisions to continue or Making decisions to contin
25、ue or culminate programsculminate programsTesting new ideasTesting new ideasChoosing the best alternativesChoosing the best alternativesRecording program historyRecording program historyProviding feedback to staffProviding feedback to staffHighlighting goalsHighlighting goals好的评估好的评估好的评估好的评估 What is
26、 good evaluation?What is good evaluation?What is good evaluation?What is good evaluation?Jose-Marie GriffithsJose-Marie Griffiths与与Don King Don King 提出一项提出一项“ “好好” ”的评估应该符合以下几方面的要求：的评估应该符合以下几方面的要求：评估要有目的性，评估的最终结果并不是以评估活动的结束为标志的，而是以是否实现了要改进的目评估要有目的性，评估的最终结果并不是以评估活动的结束为标志的，而是以是否实现了要改进的目标标为标志的。为标志的。Eva
27、luation has its aims, and the result is not the ending flag of an assessment, but obtaining improvement is Evaluation has its aims, and the result is not the ending flag of an assessment, but obtaining improvement is the ending flag.the ending flag.如果评估结果最终没有推动针对评估中发现的问题的改进行动，那么评估是没有任何意义的。如果评估结果最终没有
28、推动针对评估中发现的问题的改进行动，那么评估是没有任何意义的。It is no any significance unless the evaluation result could help libraries improve their weakness and resolve It is no any significance unless the evaluation result could help libraries improve their weakness and resolve their problems found during the evaluation.thei
29、r problems found during the evaluation.评估必须超越对事物、现象活动的表面性描述，而深入地揭示图书馆服务活动的开展同用户、同图书馆所服务的社区评估必须超越对事物、现象活动的表面性描述，而深入地揭示图书馆服务活动的开展同用户、同图书馆所服务的社区之间的关系。之间的关系。Evaluation should deeply discover the tight relationship between libraries and their users and communities Evaluation should deeply discover the ti
30、ght relationship between libraries and their users and communities served by the libraries, besides description to facts, activities.served by the libraries, besides description to facts, activities.评估反映了图书馆内部运行与外部社会影响情况，评估所揭示的这些信息可以使图书馆员工之间、图书馆与用户之间评估反映了图书馆内部运行与外部社会影响情况，评估所揭示的这些信息可以使图书馆员工之间、图书馆与用户之
31、间交流想法。交流想法。Beyond the library internal work flows and its social impact, the evaluation results should also discover that Beyond the library internal work flows and its social impact, the evaluation results should also discover that information from the assessment could make librarians communicate e
32、ach other and between librarians and information from the assessment could make librarians communicate each other and between librarians and users.users.好的评估好的评估好的评估好的评估 What is good evaluation?What is good evaluation?What is good evaluation?What is good evaluation?Jose-Marie GriffithsJose-Marie Gri
33、ffiths与与Don King Don King 提出一项提出一项“ “好好” ”的评估应该符合以下几方面的要求：的评估应该符合以下几方面的要求：评估应该是一个持续不断的过程，而不是一个偶然的、在一定时间内发生的情况。持续不断的评估可评估应该是一个持续不断的过程，而不是一个偶然的、在一定时间内发生的情况。持续不断的评估可以起到监控图书馆运行、分析运行中产生的问题、改进管理与服务的作用。以起到监控图书馆运行、分析运行中产生的问题、改进管理与服务的作用。Evaluation should be one continuing course, but not an occasional event
34、just happening within a Evaluation should be one continuing course, but not an occasional event just happening within a certain period. Continuing evaluation could have impact on libraries with monitoring the library certain period. Continuing evaluation could have impact on libraries with monitorin
35、g the library process, analyzing the questions occurring from the activities, and improving management and process, analyzing the questions occurring from the activities, and improving management and service levels.service levels.评估应该成为对图书馆业务活动进行持续监控、诊断问题与实施变革的一种工具。评估应该成为对图书馆业务活动进行持续监控、诊断问题与实施变革的一种工
36、具。Evaluation should become one tool which help libraries monitor activities, diagnose problems, Evaluation should become one tool which help libraries monitor activities, diagnose problems, and implement changes.and implement changes.评估应该是一个动态过程，应该能够反映新思想、新环境变化对图书馆产生的影响。评估应该是一个动态过程，应该能够反映新思想、新环境变化对图
37、书馆产生的影响。Evaluation should be a dynamic process, and it should reflect the impact on libraries by new Evaluation should be a dynamic process, and it should reflect the impact on libraries by new ideas and new environment. ideas and new environment. 评估概念模型评估概念模型 ModelModeloo评估模型有利于我们理解图书馆提供的服务及其职能，更好地
38、理解评估的定义、作用、评估模型有利于我们理解图书馆提供的服务及其职能，更好地理解评估的定义、作用、方法、目的及各种评估模式间的关系。方法、目的及各种评估模式间的关系。Evaluation models are used to assist in our understanding of the functionsEvaluation models are used to assist in our understanding of the functions， methods, methods, goals, relations among all kinds of models and se
39、rvices provided by a library.goals, relations among all kinds of models and services provided by a library.oo国内处于介绍阶段国内处于介绍阶段 Stage of importing concept in ChinaStage of importing concept in Chinaoo国外研究者则主要建立三种类型的评估模型：以整体图书馆为评估单位的模型，针对图国外研究者则主要建立三种类型的评估模型：以整体图书馆为评估单位的模型，针对图书馆活动的某一环节或某一种评估模式建立的模型以及描述
40、一般评估过程的书馆活动的某一环节或某一种评估模式建立的模型以及描述一般评估过程的PDCAPDCA模型。模型。对于建立第一类概念模型，目前有三种思路。对于建立第一类概念模型，目前有三种思路。 PDCA: Plan, Do, Check, Act PDCA: Plan, Do, Check, ActForeign researchers developed there kinds of assessment models:Foreign researchers developed there kinds of assessment models:(1) model regarding a libr
41、ary as a whole unit; (1) model regarding a library as a whole unit; (2) model concerning one course of libraries activities or certain evaluation model; (2) model concerning one course of libraries activities or certain evaluation model; (3) PDCA model describing the general evaluation course. (3) P
42、DCA model describing the general evaluation course.评估概念模型评估概念模型 ModelModelBlaise CroninBlaise Cronin ModelModelUserManagementSponsorCostEffectivenessBenefitsScot Nicholson ModelScot Nicholson Model评估概念模型评估概念模型 ModelModelRichard Orr ModelRichard Orr ModelJohn C. Bertot and Charles R. McClureJohn C. B
43、ertot and Charles R. McClure评估概念模型评估概念模型 ModelModelIntegrated ModelIntegrated ModelOrrs model extension:Orrs model extension:The Performance SpectrumThe Performance Spectrum评估方法与工具评估方法与工具评估方法与工具评估方法与工具Evaluation Methods and ToolsEvaluation Methods and ToolsEvaluation Methods and ToolsEvaluation Meth
44、ods and Toolsoo评估方法主要有两种类型：一为评估方法主要有两种类型：一为针对图书馆整体效益的评估方法，包括：投入评估法、职业标准评估针对图书馆整体效益的评估方法，包括：投入评估法、职业标准评估法、任务评估法、综合评估法、系统评估法、法、任务评估法、综合评估法、系统评估法、CIPPCIPP评估法、数据包络分析法（评估法、数据包络分析法（Data Envelopment Data Envelopment AnalysisAnalysis）；另一种为评估图书馆某一工作流程或功能的方法，包括：标杆分析法、作业流程分析法）；另一种为评估图书馆某一工作流程或功能的方法，包括：标杆分析法、作业
45、流程分析法以及评估参考咨询服务的调查者不介入评估法。以及评估参考咨询服务的调查者不介入评估法。Two kinds of types are presented by the evaluation: one is focused on the whole library Two kinds of types are presented by the evaluation: one is focused on the whole library effectiveness and efficiency, such as input measurement, standards, task meas
46、urement, effectiveness and efficiency, such as input measurement, standards, task measurement, comprehensive measurement, systematic measurement, CIPP measurement(Context, Input, comprehensive measurement, systematic measurement, CIPP measurement(Context, Input, Process, Product), Data Envelopment A
47、nalysis; the other is aimed at assessing one certain Process, Product), Data Envelopment Analysis; the other is aimed at assessing one certain library business flows or functions, including benchmarking, business flow analyzing, library business flows or functions, including benchmarking, business f
48、low analyzing, unobtrusive method.unobtrusive method.ooRonald R. PowellRonald R. Powell：投入评估、输出投入评估、输出/ /绩效评估、成效评估、服务质量评估（主要采用全面质量管理的绩效评估、成效评估、服务质量评估（主要采用全面质量管理的思想）、过程评估、标杆思想）、过程评估、标杆/ /基准评估、标准（即将图书馆活动情况同相关理想状态的比对）、定量评基准评估、标准（即将图书馆活动情况同相关理想状态的比对）、定量评估（包括实证法和调查法）、定量评估法、估（包括实证法和调查法）、定量评估法、定性评估法、定性评估法、
49、成本分析成本分析法法、组织、组织效能效能分析分析、项目评估法、项目评估法、以图书情报为中心的方法以图书情报为中心的方法。Ronald R. Powell: input measurement, output/performance measurement, impact/outcomes Ronald R. Powell: input measurement, output/performance measurement, impact/outcomes assessment, service quality assessment, process evaluation, benchmarki
50、ng, standards, assessment, service quality assessment, process evaluation, benchmarking, standards, quantitative methods, qualitative methods, cost analysis, organizational effectiveness, program quantitative methods, qualitative methods, cost analysis, organizational effectiveness, program evaluati
51、on methods, and LIS-centered methods.evaluation methods, and LIS-centered methods.Current Assessment ToolsCurrent Assessment ToolsCurrent Assessment ToolsCurrent Assessment Tools 现行现行现行现行常用常用常用常用的评价工具的评价工具的评价工具的评价工具ooCollections Collections 馆藏馆藏User surveys User surveys 用户调查用户调查Focus groups Focus gr
52、oups 焦点群体焦点群体Outside consultant (Special Collections) Outside consultant (Special Collections) 馆外查阅者馆外查阅者（特藏）（特藏）ooServices Services 服务服务Statistics (gate counts, reference)Statistics (gate counts, reference)统计（统计（到馆人次到馆人次，参考咨询，参考咨询等等）Web usability testing Web usability testing 网网上使用量上使用量测测评评Focus gr
53、oups Focus groups 焦点群体焦点群体ooInformation Literacy Information Literacy 信息素养信息素养SAILS SAILS 信息素养技能标准化评估信息素养技能标准化评估IL and Assessment Working GroupIL and Assessment Working Group信息素养和评估工作组信息素养和评估工作组ooAssessment LibrarianAssessment Librarian 评估馆员评估馆员Review processReview process 评评议程序议程序Peer Review Commit
54、tee (PRC)Peer Review Committee (PRC) 同同行行评评议议委员会委员会ClimateQUALClimateQUALTools by the Tools by the Tools by the Tools by the Association of Research Libraries:Association of Research Libraries:Association of Research Libraries:Association of Research Libraries:美国研究图书馆协会美国研究图书馆协会美国研究图书馆协会美国研究图书馆协会评估工
55、具评估工具评估工具评估工具：StatsQUAL StatsQUAL StatsQUAL StatsQUAL ARL Statistics ARL Statistics 美国研究图书馆协会统计表美国研究图书馆协会统计表 LibQUAL+ LibQUAL+ 基于网络的图书馆服务质量评估工具基于网络的图书馆服务质量评估工具 ClimateQUAL ClimateQUAL 组织氛组织氛围围与多样性调查与多样性调查 DigiQUAL DigiQUAL 基于网络的图书馆数字资源评估工具基于网络的图书馆数字资源评估工具 MINES for Libraries MINES for Libraries 图书馆信
56、息挖掘工具图书馆信息挖掘工具专题研究专题研究专题研究专题研究 Special TopicsSpecial TopicsSpecial TopicsSpecial Topics以下研究专题，也是图书馆经常开展评估活动的主要领域。以下研究专题，也是图书馆经常开展评估活动的主要领域。 The following special study areas are also the fields being often assessed The following special study areas are also the fields being often assessed by the lib
57、raries.by the libraries.oo馆藏评价馆藏评价 Collection Collection 传统馆藏评价传统馆藏评价 Printed CollectionPrinted Collection数字馆藏评价数字馆藏评价 Digital CollectionDigital Collectionoo服务评价服务评价 ServiceService技术服务（采购、编目）技术服务（采购、编目） Technology (Acquisition, Cataloging)Technology (Acquisition, Cataloging)参考咨询参考咨询 Reference Servic
58、eReference Service馆际互借馆际互借 Inter-library LoanInter-library LoanOPACOPAC图书馆网站图书馆网站 Library Web SiteLibrary Web Site信息系统信息系统 Information SystemInformation System整体服务质量整体服务质量 whole service qualitywhole service qualitypp价值评价价值评价 Valuation Valuation Administrative functions (human resources, marketing, f
59、inancial services) Administrative functions (human resources, marketing, financial services) are least evaluated 30% of survey respondents have not assessed are least evaluated 30% of survey respondents have not assessed these areas. these areas. 行政职能（例如：人力资源、图书馆营销和经费管理等）是最少被评估的内容行政职能（例如：人力资源、图书馆营销和
60、经费管理等）是最少被评估的内容- -30%30%的调查反馈者没有涉及到这些方面的评估的调查反馈者没有涉及到这些方面的评估。图书馆评估实践图书馆评估实践图书馆评估实践图书馆评估实践 Library Evaluation PracticeLibrary Evaluation PracticeLibrary Evaluation PracticeLibrary Evaluation Practiceoo我国的图书馆评估实践活动从我国的图书馆评估实践活动从2020世纪世纪8080年代开始。最早是中国科学院图书馆首先进行。年代开始。最早是中国科学院图书馆首先进行。 Library evaluation
61、practice started in the beginning of 1980s in China, and firstly Library evaluation practice started in the beginning of 1980s in China, and firstly carried out by Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)s library. carried out by Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)s library. oo我国图书馆评估实践活动具有以下特点：政府主导，自上而下；缺乏主
62、动，意义缺失。我国图书馆评估实践活动具有以下特点：政府主导，自上而下；缺乏主动，意义缺失。 Characteristics of Chinese library evaluation: government-sponsored, from top to Characteristics of Chinese library evaluation: government-sponsored, from top to bottom; lack of initiative, sense deficiency.bottom; lack of initiative, sense deficiency.oo
63、我国图书馆评估实践基本上遵循了如下线索：尝试我国图书馆评估实践基本上遵循了如下线索：尝试蔓延蔓延非理性非理性理性（自发理性（自发自觉）自觉） Library evaluation follows such a trail: trialextendencenon rationality Library evaluation follows such a trail: trialextendencenon rationalityrationality (spontaneousconscious)rationality (spontaneousconscious)oo特点：从无到有、从点到面；以政策
64、为主导、以教学评估为推动特点：从无到有、从点到面；以政策为主导、以教学评估为推动 Characteristic: from nonexistence to existence, from the point to surface; policy-oriented, teaching evaluation promoted Characteristic: from nonexistence to existence, from the point to surface; policy-oriented, teaching evaluation promotedoo19851985年年5 5月月2
65、727日，中共中央关于教育体制改革的决定日，中共中央关于教育体制改革的决定 Decision on Educational System Reform by the Central Committee of CPCDecision on Educational System Reform by the Central Committee of CPCoo19871987年年7 7月月2525日，普通高等学校图书馆规程日，普通高等学校图书馆规程 Library Regulation of College and University Library Regulation of College a
66、nd Universityoo从无到有、由点到面，自发状态从无到有、由点到面，自发状态from nonexistence to existence, from the point to surface, in spontaneous statefrom nonexistence to existence, from the point to surface, in spontaneous stateoo19911991年，关于开展普通高等学校图书馆评估工作的意见年，关于开展普通高等学校图书馆评估工作的意见 Suggestion on Initiating Library Evaluation
67、for College and University Suggestion on Initiating Library Evaluation for College and University 全面开花，政府主导；单项评估全面开花，政府主导；单项评估 developing all of the various aspects, government-oriented, assessing for single kind of developing all of the various aspects, government-oriented, assessing for single kin
68、d of library businesseslibrary businessesoo20022002年年2 2月月2626日，普通高等学校图书馆规程（修订）日，普通高等学校图书馆规程（修订） Library Regulation of College and University (Rev.) Library Regulation of College and University (Rev.) 2003 2003年年2 2月月2525日日，普通高等学校图书馆评估指标（征求意见稿）普通高等学校图书馆评估指标（征求意见稿） Evaluation Index System of College
69、and University Library (draft) Evaluation Index System of College and University Library (draft)oo至至20082008年，高校图工委年，高校图工委“ “高校图书馆评估统计规范高校图书馆评估统计规范” ”，包括，包括普通高等学校图书馆评估指标普通高等学校图书馆评估指标及评估办法、及评估办法、高等学校图书馆数高等学校图书馆数字资源计量指南字资源计量指南（20072007）、关于）、关于普通高等学校办学条件标准普通高等学校办学条件标准图书馆藏书量指标的建议。图书馆藏书量指标的建议。 Till 2008,
70、 Till 2008, Steering Committee for Academic Libraries of China Steering Committee for Academic Libraries of China established established College and University Library Evaluation and College and University Library Evaluation and Statistics RegulationStatistics Regulation, including , including Eval
71、uation Indictors for College and University Library and its assessing methods, Digital Evaluation Indictors for College and University Library and its assessing methods, Digital Resources Calculating Guide for College and University Library (2007), Suggestion on Library Collection Indicator in Resou
72、rces Calculating Guide for College and University Library (2007), Suggestion on Library Collection Indicator in College and University Condition Standard.College and University Condition Standard.高校图书馆评估实践高校图书馆评估实践高校图书馆评估实践高校图书馆评估实践 College and University Library Evaluation PracticeCollege and Unive
73、rsity Library Evaluation PracticeCollege and University Library Evaluation PracticeCollege and University Library Evaluation Practice公共图书馆评估实践公共图书馆评估实践公共图书馆评估实践公共图书馆评估实践 Public Library Evaluation PracticePublic Library Evaluation PracticePublic Library Evaluation PracticePublic Library Evaluation Pr
74、acticeoo19931993年年1 1月，文化部于广西柳州召开全国公共图书馆工作会议，决定进行全国性的公共图书馆评估活动。同年进行了试点。月，文化部于广西柳州召开全国公共图书馆工作会议，决定进行全国性的公共图书馆评估活动。同年进行了试点。 National Public Library Meeting sponsored by the Ministry of Culture in Liuzhou, Guangxi Province was held in Jan. of 1993. National Public Library Meeting sponsored by the Minis
75、try of Culture in Liuzhou, Guangxi Province was held in Jan. of 1993. The meeting decided that public library evaluation all over the country should be taken and 5 provinces would be chosen as The meeting decided that public library evaluation all over the country should be taken and 5 provinces wou
76、ld be chosen as the pilots.the pilots.oo19941994年年3 3月月9 9日，文化部日，文化部关于在县以上公共图书馆进行评估定级工作的通知关于在县以上公共图书馆进行评估定级工作的通知，正式拉开了全国性的公共图书馆评估活动序幕。，正式拉开了全国性的公共图书馆评估活动序幕。 On Mar. 9, the Ministry of Culture released On Mar. 9, the Ministry of Culture released Decision on Evaluation for Public Library above the cou
77、nty levelDecision on Evaluation for Public Library above the county level, which showed , which showed the beginning of the whole national public library evaluation.the beginning of the whole national public library evaluation.oo从从19941994年开始，到年开始，到20092009年，全国共进行了四次评估活动年，全国共进行了四次评估活动 。 From 1994 to
78、 2009, four times of public library evaluation were taken. From 1994 to 2009, four times of public library evaluation were taken.oo为了配合评估活动，逐步建立起了为了配合评估活动，逐步建立起了“ “公共图书馆评估标准体系公共图书馆评估标准体系” ”。目前包括。目前包括6 6个标准，分别是省、地、县公共图书馆和少年儿童图书馆个标准，分别是省、地、县公共图书馆和少年儿童图书馆评估标准。同时，还有标准的实施细则。评估标准。同时，还有标准的实施细则。 Public Libr
79、ary Evaluation Standard System Public Library Evaluation Standard System were set up, consisting of 6 standards: Evaluation Standards for public library or were set up, consisting of 6 standards: Evaluation Standards for public library or separate childrens library at the provincial level, prefectur
80、e-level, and county-level respectively.separate childrens library at the provincial level, prefecture-level, and county-level respectively.oo在这四次评估活动中，在这四次评估活动中，20042004年文化部委托中国图书馆学会实施了第三次评估工作。年文化部委托中国图书馆学会实施了第三次评估工作。 The Library Society of China The Library Society of China hosted 2004-year public
81、library evaluation , trusted by the Ministry of Culture.hosted 2004-year public library evaluation , trusted by the Ministry of Culture.oo在第四次，即在第四次，即20092009年的评估活动中，于评估标准中特意加入了年的评估活动中，于评估标准中特意加入了“ “全国文化信息资源共享工程全国文化信息资源共享工程” ”落实情况的评估项。落实情况的评估项。 Some indicators Some indicators about National Project
82、for the Sharing of Cultural Information and Resources about National Project for the Sharing of Cultural Information and Resources were added into the evaluation were added into the evaluation standards in 2009-year public library evaluation.standards in 2009-year public library evaluation.oo公共图书馆系统
83、除了这四次全国性的公共图书馆系统除了这四次全国性的“ “普查普查” ”之外，别无其他评估的动作，也未听说某些馆之外，别无其他评估的动作，也未听说某些馆“ “自主自主” ”进行业务进行业务 评估（除极个别图书馆评估（除极个别图书馆外）。外）。 I seldom heard that some public libraries took evaluation by themselves for the purpose of inspecting their own businesses I seldom heard that some public libraries took evaluatio
84、n by themselves for the purpose of inspecting their own businesses and library performance, valuation or outcomes except the four times of national “general survey” or “census”. ( Except for and library performance, valuation or outcomes except the four times of national “general survey” or “census”
85、. ( Except for one or two libraries)one or two libraries)图书馆评估未来图书馆评估未来图书馆评估未来图书馆评估未来 SuggestionSuggestionSuggestionSuggestionoo回归图书馆评估的本质回归图书馆评估的本质oo开展第三方评估开展第三方评估oo加强业务统计工作加强业务统计工作oo重视价值评价重视价值评价oo编制不同类型、规模的编制不同类型、规模的图书馆评估指南图书馆评估指南oo建立激励机制建立激励机制oo立法保障立法保障ooBack to basics of library Back to basics o
86、f library evaluationevaluationooFulfill third party assessmentFulfill third party assessmentooStrengthen statisticsStrengthen statisticsooTake into account of valuationTake into account of valuationooDevelop library evaluation Develop library evaluation guide for libraries of guide for libraries of different types and sizeddifferent types and sizedooSet up reward systemSet up reward systemooLegal guarantee Legal guarantee Thank you!
