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1、 十六种时态结题 By 豌豆豌豆群：6528224一、现在完成进行时1现在完成进行时，是英语中，动词的一种基本时态，其构成为：主语+助动词（have/has）+been+动词的现在分词+其他成分。其表达的意思有两种：1.表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作，并且还将持续下去。2.表示在说话时刻之前到现在正在进行的动作。2 构成：主语+have（has）been+动词-ing表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作，并且还将持续下去。I have been learning English since three years ago.表示在说话时刻之前到现在正在进行的动作。We have bee
2、n waiting for you for half an hour.有些现在完成进行时的句子等同于现在完成时的句子。They have been living in this city for ten years. They have lived in this city for ten years.I have been working here for five years. I have worked here for five years.大多数现在完成进行时的句子不等同于现在完成时的句子。I have been writing a book.They have been build
3、ing a bridgeThey have built a bridge.3功用如下： 1） 表示一个在过去开始而在最近刚刚结束的行动，如： Ann is very tired. She has been working hard. Why are you clothes so dirty? What have you been doing? 2) 表示一个从过去开始但仍在进行的行动，如： It has been raining for two hours. Jack has been feeling very well recently. 3) 表示一个从过去开始延续到现在，可以包括现在在内
4、的一个阶段内，重复发生的行动，如： She has been playing tennis since she was eight. 4) 现在完成时强调动作行为的结果、影响，而现在完成进行时只强调动作行为本身，如： Toms hands are very dirty. He has been repairing the car. The car is going again now. Tom has repaired it.注意： 现在完成时有否定结构、而现在完成进行时没有否定结构。 现在完成时态可表示做完的时期以及已有的经验、但现在完成进行时不可以二、过去完成时1定义：过去完成进行时与过去
5、完成时的用法很相近，它通常表示某个过去正在进行的动作或状态，持续到过去某个时刻，还未完成，一直持续到之后的当前才结束2构成：过去完成进行时是由had been + 现在分词构成。She had been suffering from a bad cold when she took the exam.Rafael was scolded even though he hadnt been doing anything wrong.3用法表示过去某一时间之前一直进行的动作。I had been looking for it for days before I found it.They had
6、only been waiting for the bus a few moments when it came.示反复的动作。He had been mentioning your name to me.You had been giving me everything.去完成进行时还常用于间接引语中The doctor asked what he had been eating.过去完成进行时之后也可接具有“突然”之意的when分句。 I had only been reading a few minutes when he came in.Shed only been reviewing
7、 her lessons for a short while when her little sister interrupted her.I had been sleeping when my friend telephone me.三、将来完成进行时1定义：将来完成进行时表示动作从某一时间开始一直延续到将来某一时间。是否继续下去，要视上下文而定。这个时态常和表示将来某一时间的状语连用。2结构 ：主语+ shall/will have been doingI shall have been working here in this factory for twenty years by th
8、e end of the year.If we dont hurry up ，the store will have been closing before we get there.The play is coming off in August. By then the play will have been running for three months.四、过去将来完成进行时1定义：过去将来完成进行时表示动作从过去某一时间开始一直延续到过去将来某一时间。动作是否继续下去，视上下文而定。2结构：should/would have been + v-ingHe said that by
9、the end of the spring term he would have been studying English for three years3注意：在间接引语中，将来完成进行时通常要改为过去将来完成进行时。I know by this time next week youll have been working here for 30 years.I knew by that time he would have been working there for 30 years.She will have been teaching in this university for
10、20 years by this summer.She told me shed have been teaching in that university for 20 years by that summer.五、过去将来完成时1含义：过去将来完成时表示在过去将来某一时间以前发生的动作，并往往会对过去将来某一时间产生影响。2 结构：should / would have done sth.I thought youd have left by this time. He told them he would have finished it by 8 oclock.I guessed th
11、at Helen would have told her something.1I bought a new house, but I _ my old one yet, so at the moment I have two houses.A) didnt sell B) sold C) havent sold D) would sell2Great as Newton was, many of his ideas _ today and are being modified by the work of scientists of our time.A) are to challenge
12、C) have been challenged B) may be challenged D) are challenging3It seems oil _ from this pipe for some time. Well have to take the machine apart to put it right.A) had leaked B) is leaking C) leaked D) has been leaking4Until then, his family _ from him for six months.A) didnt hear C) hasnt heard B)
13、hasnt been hearing D) hadnt heard5I assure you that the matter _ as quickly as possible. Have a little patience.A. will be attended B. will be attended toC. is attended D. is attended to6Greater efforts to increase agricultural production must be made if food shortage _ avoided.A) is to be B) can be C) will be D) has been7The conference _ a full week by the time it ends.A) must have lasted B) will have lasted C) would last D) has lasted
