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1、To HelenTo HelenEdgar Allan PoeEdgar Allan Poe1.Edgar Allan Poe was an American author, poet, editor and literary critic, considered part of the American Romantic Movement. Best known for his tales of mystery and the macabre, Poe was one of the earliest American practitioners of the short story and
2、is generally considered the inventor of the detective fiction genre. He is further credited with contributing to the emerging genre of science fiction.2.About Helen-海伦海伦海伦是宙斯和勒达的女儿海伦是宙斯和勒达的女儿, ,她是那她是那个时代最漂亮的女子个时代最漂亮的女子. .还在当姑娘还在当姑娘的时候的时候, ,她被忒修斯劫持抢走她被忒修斯劫持抢走. .后后来由两位兄长重新把她夺回来来由两位兄长重新把她夺回来. .她她跟随继父斯巴
3、达国王廷达瑞俄斯跟随继父斯巴达国王廷达瑞俄斯长大长大. .之后，她嫁给了墨涅拉俄斯（亚之后，她嫁给了墨涅拉俄斯（亚各斯人的国王）。海伦给他生下各斯人的国王）。海伦给他生下一个女儿。后来，墨涅拉俄斯外一个女儿。后来，墨涅拉俄斯外出。海伦一个人在宫殿里很孤寂。出。海伦一个人在宫殿里很孤寂。一次外出中，她在阿尔忒弥斯神一次外出中，她在阿尔忒弥斯神庙遇见帕拉斯王子。两人相爱了。庙遇见帕拉斯王子。两人相爱了。于是，王子就把海伦于是，王子就把海伦“劫持劫持”到到了自己的国家。也就是这件事，了自己的国家。也就是这件事，引发了著名的特洛伊战争。引发了著名的特洛伊战争。3.The background info
4、rmationPoe wrote To Helen as a reflection on the Poe wrote To Helen as a reflection on the beauty of beauty of Mrs.Jane Stith StanardMrs.Jane Stith Stanard who died who died in 1824.She was the mother of one of in 1824.She was the mother of one of Poes school classmates who was said to Poes school c
5、lassmates who was said to have urged him to write this poem, and have urged him to write this poem, and she was Poes first real love.she was Poes first real love. 在中学时代，在中学时代，爱伦爱伦. .坡坡曾经热切地眷恋过一位同学的母曾经热切地眷恋过一位同学的母亲，一个温柔娴静、知书达理的女人，而这个女人在三亲，一个温柔娴静、知书达理的女人，而这个女人在三十一岁死于脑瘤，无疑给爱伦十一岁死于脑瘤，无疑给爱伦坡幼小的心灵刻上了终坡幼小的
6、心灵刻上了终生难愈的创伤。生难愈的创伤。 4.To Helen-To Helen-致海伦致海伦Helen, thy beauty is to me Like those Nicean barks of yore往昔往昔，That gently, oer a perfumed sea,The weary, way-worn wanderer boreTo his own native shore. On desperate seas long wont to roam游荡游荡,Thy hyacinth风信子风信子 hair, thy classic face,Thy Naiad水仙女水仙女 ai
7、rs have brought me homeTo the glory that was Greece,And the grandeur that was Rome. Lo! in you brilliant window-nicheHow statue-like I see thee stand,The agate玛瑙玛瑙 lamp within thy hand!Ah, Psyche普塞克普塞克, from the regions whichAre Holy Land!海伦，你的美貌于我，海伦，你的美貌于我，有如往日尼西亚的三桅船，有如往日尼西亚的三桅船，在芬芳的海上悠然浮起，在芬芳的海上
8、悠然浮起，把劳困而倦游的浪子载还，把劳困而倦游的浪子载还，回到他故国的港湾。回到他故国的港湾。早已习惯于怒海上的飘荡，早已习惯于怒海上的飘荡，你风信子似的秀发，你风信子似的秀发， 你闪烁着古典美的面庞，你闪烁着古典美的面庞，你水精仙子般的呼吸引我还乡，你水精仙子般的呼吸引我还乡，重见希腊的光荣与罗马的辉煌。重见希腊的光荣与罗马的辉煌。看！那明亮的窗龛中间，看！那明亮的窗龛中间，我见你象一座神像站立，我见你象一座神像站立，玛瑙的亮灯擎在你手里，玛瑙的亮灯擎在你手里，哦！哦！普赛克普赛克 ，你所来自的地方，你所来自的地方原是那遥远的圣地原是那遥远的圣地！5.Hyperbole 夸张夸张海伦的美让大
9、海也变得海伦的美让大海也变得“芬芳四溢芬芳四溢”。 Simile 明喻明喻海伦的美有如往日尼西亚的三桅船海伦的美有如往日尼西亚的三桅船”，乍一，乍一看去，三桅船并非常见的美的喻体，但在看去，三桅船并非常见的美的喻体，但在爱伦坡看来，两者的共通之处在于它们都爱伦坡看来，两者的共通之处在于它们都能将疲惫的水手带回家乡。能将疲惫的水手带回家乡。 AnalysisHelen, thy beauty is to me Like those Nicean barks of yore，That gently, oer a perfumed sea,The weary, way-worn wanderer b
10、oreTo his own native shore.Alliteration 头韵头韵 weary”weary”，“way-worn”“way-worn”和和“wanderer”“wanderer”都是以都是以ww开头的单词。开头的单词。诗人通过诗人通过头韵头韵将水手的疲惫形象活灵活将水手的疲惫形象活灵活现地展现出来现地展现出来. .6. Poe, in referring to Helen, may be alluding to the Greek goddess of light or Helen of Troy who is considered to be the most beau
11、tiful woman who ever lived, though there is not enough information given to determine for certain. He also makes a reference to Psyche, a beautiful princess who became the lover of Cupid. The agate lamp refers to the time when Psyche discovered the true identity of Cupid. 7.In To Helen, Poe is celeb
12、rating the nurturing power of woman. Poe was inspired in part by Samuel Taylor Coleridge, particularly in the second line (Like those Nicean barks of yore) which resembles a line in Coleridges Youth and Age (Like those trim skiffs, unknown of yore). Poe revised the poem in 1845, making several impro
13、vements, most notably changing the beauty of fair Greece, and the grandeur of old Rome to the glory that was Greece and the grandeur that was Rome. Poe scholar Jeffrey Meyers referred to these as two of Poes finest and most famous lines.8.Original 1831 versionHelen, thy beauty is to meLike those Nic
14、ean barks of yore,That gently, oer a perfumd sea,The weary way-worn wanderer boreTo his own native shore.On desperate seas long wont to roam,Thy hyacinth hair, thy classic face,Thy Naiad airs have brought me homeTo the beauty of fair Greece,And the grandeur of old Rome.Lo ! in that little window-nic
15、heHow statue-like I see thee stand!The folded scroll within thy hand A Psyche from the regions whichAre Holy land !Revised 1845 version Helen, thy beauty is to me Like those Nicean barks of yore That gently, oer a perfumed sea, The weary, way-worn wanderer bore To his own native shore. On desperate
16、seas long wont to roam, Thy hyacinth hair, thy classic face, Thy Naiad airs have brought me home To the glory that was Greece, And the grandeur that was Rome. Lo, in yon brilliant window-niche How statue-like I see thee stand, The agate lamp within thy hand, Ah! Psyche, from the regions which Are Ho
17、ly Land!9.“风信子般的头发，典雅的风信子般的头发，典雅的面庞面庞,水仙女般的风姿带我水仙女般的风姿带我回到昨日希腊的光荣，回到昨日希腊的光荣，和往昔罗马的盛况。和往昔罗马的盛况。在第二节中，诗人进一步描写了海伦的美丽在第二节中，诗人进一步描写了海伦的美丽On desperate seas long wont to roam,Thy hyacinth hair, thy classic face,Thy Naiad airs have brought me homeTo the glory that was Greece,And the grandeur that was Rome P
18、arallelism and Metaphor10.Simile看！那明亮的窗龛中间，看！那明亮的窗龛中间，我见我见你你象一座象一座神像神像站立，站立，在第三节诗中，诗人的描写的对象从海伦转到了在第三节诗中，诗人的描写的对象从海伦转到了普赛克（普赛克（Psyche）一个可以与一个可以与海伦海伦媲美的公主。媲美的公主。 在希腊神话中，在希腊神话中，普赛克普赛克公主，美丽公主，美丽绝伦。他是爱神绝伦。他是爱神厄厄洛斯洛斯之妻，之妻，厄洛斯厄洛斯禁止她看见自己的禁止她看见自己的模样，而模样，而普赛克普赛克因因好奇在夜晚举灯看好奇在夜晚举灯看丈夫的模样，灯油丈夫的模样，灯油滴到爱神脸上唤醒滴到爱神脸上
19、唤醒了他，普塞克因此了他，普塞克因此被丈夫逐出家门。被丈夫逐出家门。Lo! in you brilliant window-nicheHow statue-like I see thee stand,The agate lamp within thy hand!Ah, Psyche, from the regions whichAre Holy Land!11.The ThemeThe ThemeThe beauty of a woman with The beauty of a woman with whom Poe became acquainted whom Poe became acq
20、uainted when he was 14.Apparently when he was 14.Apparently she treated him kindly and she treated him kindly and may have urged him or may have urged him or perhaps inspired him to perhaps inspired him to write poetrywrite poetry. Beauty,as Poe uses the Beauty,as Poe uses the word in the poem word
21、in the poem ,appears to refer to ,appears to refer to the womans the womans bodybody as as well as herwell as her soul soul. On the one hand ,he On the one hand ,he represents her as represents her as Helen Helen of of Troythe quintessenceTroythe quintessence（典（典范范 ）of of physical beautyphysical bea
22、uty-at -at the beginning of this the beginning of this poem.poem. On the other hand ,he On the other hand ,he represents her as represents her as PsychePsyche at the end of the poem. at the end of the poem. In Greek, Psyche means In Greek, Psyche means soulsoul. .Physical beauty+Spiritual beautyThe true beauty12.About the authors feeling这是一首写给内心深处所爱的女这是一首写给内心深处所爱的女人的诗。充满了古典主义式唯美人的诗。充满了古典主义式唯美, ,深刻的表达了作者深刻的表达了作者对爱与美的执对爱与美的执着追求着追求艾伦坡对自己的诗解释就是艾伦坡对自己的诗解释就是 ：为为了美而美，为了诗而诗了美而美，为了诗而诗。而他所。而他所提到的美绝不仅仅是提到的美绝不仅仅是外表外表上的，上的，还有还有精神精神上的纯洁与真挚上的纯洁与真挚。13.14.
