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1、 过去分词是非谓语动词的一种形过去分词是非谓语动词的一种形式式, ,表示表示完成和被动完成和被动的动作。的动作。过去分词与现在分词作状语过去分词与现在分词作状语 过过去去分分词词表表完完成成、被被动动, 与与主主句句主主语语之之间是被动关系间是被动关系; 现现在在分分词词表表进进行行, 主主动动, 与与主主句句主主语语之之间是主动关系。间是主动关系。 attention 过去分词表过去分词表完成、被动完成、被动, 作状语时作状语时, 其逻辑主语是主句的主语其逻辑主语是主句的主语, 且且与主语之与主语之间存在着被动关系间存在着被动关系。 过去分词作状语可表过去分词作状语可表时间时间, 原因原因,
2、 让步让步, 结果结果, 方式方式, 条件条件等。等。过去分词作时间状语过去分词作时间状语 When it is heated, ice will be changed into water. When heated, ice will be changed into water.相当于时间状语从句，有时为了突出相当于时间状语从句，有时为了突出时间，可在分词前加时间，可在分词前加when或或while。过去分词作原因状语过去分词作原因状语 Because it was done in a hurry, his homework was full of mistakes. Done in a h
3、urry, his homework was full of mistakes.相当于表示原因的状语从句。相当于表示原因的状语从句。过去分词作条件或者假设状语过去分词作条件或者假设状语 If they had been given more attention, the cabbages could have grown better. Given more attention, the cabbages could have grown better.前面可带前面可带if，unless等从属连等从属连词，相当于条件状语从句。词，相当于条件状语从句。作作方式或方式或伴随伴随情况状语情况状语1.
4、The hunter left his house, followed by his dog. The hunter left his house, and he was followed by his dog.没有相当的状语从句可以代替。没有相当的状语从句可以代替。2. She sat by the window, lost in thought. She sat by the window, and she was lost in thought. lost 表示一种迷失心理状态表示一种迷失心理状态用用过去分词作状语来改写句子。过去分词作状语来改写句子。1.As I was worried
5、 about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days. _, I was unsettled for the first few days.Worried about the journey2. If he is given time, hell make a first-class tennis player. _, hell make a first-class tennis player.3) As I was confused by the new surroundings, I was hit by the lack o
6、f fresh air. _, I was hit by the lack of fresh air.Given timeConfused by the new surroundings4) When he was questioned by the police about the fire, he became tense. _ _ _, he became tense. Questioned by the police about the fire1.Following the old man, we went upstairs. (跟着那个老人跟着那个老人, 我们上去了我们上去了)2.
7、 Followed by the old man, we went upstairs. (被那个老人跟着被那个老人跟着, 我们上去了我们上去了)Compare（伴随）（伴随）（伴随）（伴随）3. 从上面看从上面看, 体育场好像一个鸟巢。体育场好像一个鸟巢。 _ from the top, the stadium looks like a bird nest. A. Seeing B. Seen4. 从太空看从太空看, 宇航员看不到长城。宇航员看不到长城。 _ from the space, the astronaut can not discover the Great Wall. A. Se
8、eing B. Seen5._for a long time, the book looks old.由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去很旧。由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去很旧。6._ the book, I find it useful. 在使用的过程中，我发现这本书很有用。在使用的过程中，我发现这本书很有用。 7._ at her, he jumped with joy.8._ at by her, he jumped with joy.UsedUsingLookingLookedRevision:1.He is very tired.2.The speaker answered all th
9、e questions raised by the audience.3.When he woke up, he found his hands tied behind.4.Given more help, the trees could have grown better.(表语表语)(定语定语)(宾语补足语宾语补足语)(状语状语)1. The Olympic Games, _ in 776 B.C., didnt include women until 1912. A. first playing B. to be first played C. first played D. to be
10、 playing考点点拨考点点拨2. Whats the language _ in Germany? A. speaking B. spoken C. be spoken D. to speak 3. Most of the artists _ to the party were from South Africa. A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. had been invited 4. The computer centre, _ last year, is very popular among the students in thi
11、s school. A. open B. opening C. having opened D. opened 5. The first textbooks _ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A. having written B. to be written C. being written D. written 另外另外, 分词作状语时分词作状语时, 如果其逻辑如果其逻辑主语与整个句子的主语不一致时主语与整个句子的主语不一致时, 需需要独立主格结构或要独立主格结构或 with
12、复合结构来替复合结构来替代。代。(此时此时, 也可把该分词看成介词的也可把该分词看成介词的宾语补足语。宾语补足语。)例例: The murderer was brought in, with his hands _ behind his back. A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied 简析简析: 很显然很显然,待选部分的逻辑主语是待选部分的逻辑主语是 his hands,而不是句子的主语而不是句子的主语 The murderer,而而 his hands 对于动词对于动词 tie来说来说, 只能是被动承受。因此只能是被动承受。因
13、此, 该题应选该题应选D。 6. When _ if she would request a rise, the actress said that money was not important. A. asked B. asking C. having asked D. being asked1. I like reading the novels _ (write) by Zhang Ailing.2. The girl _ (write) a letter in the study is my cousin.3. There is something wrong with my car
14、 and I have to get it _ (repair).writtenwritingrepairedFilling in the blanks.4. I want the doors of my new house _ (paint) white.5. There was a _ (surprise) look on his face.6. He was _ (excite) at the good news. 7. The story was so _ (move) that he was _ (move) to tears.paintedsurprisedexcitedmovin
15、gmoved从从A、B、C、D中选出最佳选项。中选出最佳选项。1. The research is so designed that once _ nothing can be done to change it. (全国全国 2002)A. begins B. having begunC. Beginning D. begun D2. _ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to ones skin. (上海上海 2002)A. Exposed B. Having exposedC. Being exposed D. After being
16、exposed 3. Prices of daily goods _ through a computer can be lower than store prices. (2002 北京春北京春)A. are bought B. boughtC. been boughtD. buyingCB4. When first _ to the market, these products enjoyed great success. (2004 全国卷全国卷II)A. introducing B. introduced C. introduce D. being introduced5. _ wit
17、h the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all. (湖北湖北 2004)A. Compare B. When comparing C. Comparing D. When compared BD6. When _ help, one often says “Thank you.” or “Its kind of you.” (福福建建 2005)A. offering B. to offer C. to be offered D. offered 7. _ with so much troubl
18、e, we failed to complete the task on time. (四川四川 2006)A. Faced B. Face C. Facing D. To face DA8. _ by a greater demand for vegetables, farmers have built more green houses. (浙江浙江 2007)A. Driven B. Being driven C. To drive D. Having driven 9. The flowers his friend gave him will die unless _ every day. (四川四川 2007)A. watered B. wateringC. water D. to waterAA10. _ around the Water Cube, we were then taken to see the Birds Nest for the 2008 Olympic Games. (陕西陕西 2008)A.Having shown B.B. To be shownC. Having been shownD. To showC
