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1、【专题七专题七】非谓语动词非谓语动词考点分析考点分析【考点分析考点分析】1.不定式的时态和语态；不定式的时态和语态；2.不定式的功能：不定式的形容词性功能、不定式的副不定式的功能：不定式的形容词性功能、不定式的副词性功能、不定式的名词性功能；词性功能、不定式的名词性功能；3.不定式的省略；不定式的省略；4.不定式的否定形式；不定式的否定形式；5.不定式的搭配形式；不定式的搭配形式；6.独立主格结构；独立主格结构；7.v-ing分词名词性功能；分词名词性功能；8.v-ing分词形容词性功能；分词形容词性功能；9.v-ing分词副词性功能；分词副词性功能；10.过去分词与现在分词一般式的区别；过去
2、分词与现在分词一般式的区别；11.过去分词与现在分词主动完成式的区别；过去分词与现在分词主动完成式的区别；12.过去分词与现在分词一般被动式的区别；过去分词与现在分词一般被动式的区别；二二. 非谓语动词解题非谓语动词解题十大原则十大原则原则一、两个句子必须要用连词连接，如果没有连词连接，则需要用非谓语动词。例1._manytimes,buthestillcouldntunderstandit.A.HavingbeentoldB.HavingtoldC.Hehadbeentold D.Thoughhehadbeentold例2_manytimes,hestillcouldntunderstand
3、it.A.HavingbeentoldB.HavingtoldC.Hehadbeentold D.Thoughhehadtold原则二、不及物动词无原则二、不及物动词无-ed形式非谓语动形式非谓语动词，及物动词有宾语时用词，及物动词有宾语时用-ing形式，无宾形式，无宾语时用语时用-ed形式。形式。例3._inthemountainsforaweek,thetwostudentswerefinallysavedbythelocalpolice.A.HavinglostB.LostC.BeinglostD.Losing例4._,IreallybelievethatIdprefernottomak
4、eanychangenow.A.ConsideredallthepossibilitiesB.TakingallthepossibilitiesintoconsiderationC.TakenallthepossibilitiesintoconsiderationD.Givingallthepossibilities原则三、原则三、being done 表示表示“正在被正在被”，一，一般不作状语，只作定语。非谓语动词的完成般不作状语，只作定语。非谓语动词的完成时形式时形式to have done或或having done强调该强调该动作发生在句子谓语动词之前。动作发生在句子谓语动词之前。例5.
5、（08重庆卷）29._toreachthemonthephone,wesentanemailinstead.A.FailB.FailedC.TofailD.Havingfailed例6.TimBemers-Leeisgenerallyconsidered_theWorldWideWeb,onwhichalltheinformationissharedbyall.A.tohavefoundedB.havingfoundedC.foundingD.tofound原则四、非谓语动词作定语时，表示将来用-todo，表正在进行用-ing，表示已经完成用-ed。例7.（09安徽卷）Theplaynextm
6、onthaimsmainlytoreflectthelocalcultureAproducedBbeingproducedCtobeproducedDhavingbeenproduced例8.（08湖南卷）Thetrees_inthestormhavebeenmovedofftheroad.A.beingblowndownB.blowndownB.C.blowingdownD.toblowdown原则五、介词后跟原则五、介词后跟-ing形式，可以在形式，可以在-ing前加逻辑主语。前加逻辑主语。例9.Thediscoveryofnewevidenceledto_.A.thethiefhavin
7、gbeencaughtB.thethieftobecaughtC.catchthethiefD.thethiefbeingcaught例10.2007全国卷IIAtthebeginningofclass,thenoiseofdesks_couldbeheardoutsidetheclassroom.A.openedandclosed B.tobeopenedandclosedC.beingopenedandclosedD.toopenandclose原则六、原则六、-ing形式或形式或to do可作主语可作主语或宾语，或宾语，-ed形式则不可以。形式则不可以。例11._inaheavytraf
8、ficjamisquiteanunpleasantexperience.A.CaughtB.HavingcaughtC.BeingcaughtD.Tocatch例12_twiceayear,whetheritisacarorabusoratruck,istherulethateverydrivermustobeyinthiscity.A.ExaminingB.ExaminedC.BeingexaminedD.Havingbeenexamined原则七、原则七、be+-ed+介词结构常可把介词结构常可把be去掉保留去掉保留-ed+介词做状语。介词做状语。例13（09重庆卷）Michaelsnew
9、houseislikeahugepalace,_withhisoldone.A.comparingB.comparesC.tocompareD.compared例14_withadifficultsituation,Arnolddecidedtoaskhisbossforadvice.A.TofaceB.HavingfacedC.FacedD.Facing原则八、非谓语动词作状语，其逻辑原则八、非谓语动词作状语，其逻辑主语必须和句子主语保持一致，和句主语必须和句子主语保持一致，和句子主语构成主谓关系时用子主语构成主谓关系时用-ing形式，形式，构成动宾关系是用构成动宾关系是用-ed形式。其逻辑
10、形式。其逻辑主语和句子主语不一致时，要在非谓主语和句子主语不一致时，要在非谓语动词前加逻辑主语，构成独立主格语动词前加逻辑主语，构成独立主格结构。结构。例15（09北京卷）_twice,thepostmanrefusedtodeliverourlettersunlesswechangedourdog.A.BeingbittenB.BittenC.HavingbittenD.Tobebitten例16.（08安徽卷）30._inthefieldsonaMarchafternoon,hecouldfeelthewarmthofspring.A.Towalk.B.WalkingC.WalkedD.H
11、avingwalked例17.（04全国II）Whilewatchingtelevision,_.A.thedoorbellrangB.thedoorbellringsC.weheardthedoorbellringD.weheardthedoorbellrings例18.2007重庆卷Thechildrenwenthomefromthegrammarschool,theirlessons_fortheday.A.finishingB.finishedC.hadfinishedD.werefinished原则九、不定式做状语一般有两种：原则九、不定式做状语一般有两种：目的状语和出乎意料的结果状
12、语（表目的状语和出乎意料的结果状语（表示顺其自然的结果用示顺其自然的结果用-ing形式）。另形式）。另外，某些形容词（表喜、怒、哀、乐）外，某些形容词（表喜、怒、哀、乐）做表语后跟不定式可以表示原因。做表语后跟不定式可以表示原因。例19（09辽宁卷）,youneedtogiveallyouhaveandtryyourbest.ABeingawinnerBTobeawinnerCBeawinnerDHavingbeenawinner例20.（04福建）Thenewsreportershurriedtotheairport,only_thefilmstarshadleft.A.totellB.to
13、betoldC.tellingD.told例21.Theglassdoorshavetakentheplaceofthewoodenonesattheentrance,_inthenaturallightduringtheday.2007天津卷A.toletB.lettingC.letD.havinglet例22.HowgladIam_you!A.seeingB.toseeC.sawD.havingseen原则十、原则十、 非谓语动词的否定原则是在非谓非谓语动词的否定原则是在非谓语动词前加语动词前加not，有，有not to do, not doing, not having done, no
14、t to have done几种几种形式。形式。例23（08浙江卷）10._thathewasingreatdanger,Ericwalkeddeeperintotheforest.A.NotrealizedB.NottorealizeC.NotrealizingD.Nottohaverealized例24.Whatworriedhimmostwas_tovisithissickchild.A.hisbeingnotallowedB.hisnotbeingallowedC.hisnotallowingD.havingnotbeenallowed例25.Sarahhasdecided_awayo
15、nholidaythissummer.A.dontgoB.tonotgoC.notgoingD.nottogo三三. 非谓语动词解题非谓语动词解题四大步骤四大步骤（一）分析句子结构（一）分析句子结构,辨别辨别“谓语与非谓语谓语与非谓语”1._many times , but he still couldnt understand it .2. _many times , he still couldnt understand it .A. Having been told B. Being told C. He had been told D.Though he was toldC_A注意连词
16、注意连词3.It _ a hot day, wed better go swimming. 4._arainyday;wedecidednottogothere.A.is B. to be C. being D.It being E. It was F. beenCE注意标点符号注意标点符号 非谓语动词虽不能作谓语，但仍具有动词特点，其非谓语动词虽不能作谓语，但仍具有动词特点，其逻辑上的动作执行者就叫做逻辑主语。逻辑上的动作执行者就叫做逻辑主语。（二）找逻辑主语（二）找逻辑主语1.Walking along the street one day, she saw a little girl r
17、unning up to her.2.She is reading a book found on the way.3.Most of the artists invited to the party were from South Africa. 4. Convinced of the truth of the reports, he told his colleagues about it. 一一般来说，作般来说，作状语状语的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是句子的主语；的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是句子的主语； 作作宾补宾补的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是宾语；的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是宾语； 作作定语定语的非谓语
18、动词的逻辑主语是被修饰词。的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是被修饰词。A.totakeB.takingC.tobetakenD.takenD BEverythingthey1._everythingintoconsideration,theyoughttohaveanotherchance.2.Everything_intoconsideration,theyoughttohaveanotherchance.（三）分析语态（三）分析语态分析语态就是在确定逻辑主语之后，分析非谓语动词分析语态就是在确定逻辑主语之后，分析非谓语动词和逻辑主语在搭配使用时是主动还是被动关系。和逻辑主语在搭配使用时是主动还是被动
19、关系。1.“Youcantcatchme!”Janeshouted,_away.A.runB.runningC.torunD.ran2._inthemountainsforaweek,thetwostudentswerefinallysavedbythelocalpolice.A.HavinglostB.LostC.BeinglostD.LosingJanethe two students（四）（四）分析时态分析时态1. The building _now will be a restaurant .2. The building _ next year will be a restauran
20、t .3. The building _last year is a restaurant.A.having been built B.to be built C.being built D. built _C_B_D二二. 找逻辑主语找逻辑主语三、分析语态三、分析语态四、分析时态四、分析时态一一. 辨别辨别“谓与非谓谓与非谓”三三. 非谓语动词解题步骤非谓语动词解题步骤方法总结：方法总结：谓非谓，找主语，析语态，定时态谓非谓，找主语，析语态，定时态Practice1. A railway station is no place for a child _ alone at night.A.
21、leave B. leaving C. to be leaving D. to be left2. We were warned _ the fish which might give us a slight stomach upset.A. not to eat B. not eating C. to eat not D. eating not3. _ themselves awake they sat on the floor and told each other stories.A. Keep B. Keeping C. To keep D. To have kept4._ these
22、 children _ what you want is a science I can tell you! A. Getting; done B. Get; done C. To get; to do D. Getting; to do5. When youre learning to drive，_ a good teacher makes a big difference. A. have B. having C. and have D. and having6. A few days after the interview， I received a letter _ me the j
23、ob. A. offered B. offering C. to be offering D. having offered7. The plane crashed，_ all 200 people aboard. A. killed B. having killed C. killing D. had killed8. He was always the first _ and the last _ the office. A. to come， to leave B. coming， leaving C. to come， left D. coming， left9. Robert is said _ one of my classmates the other day， but I dont know who she is. A. to marry B. to have married C. to be marrying D. being married10.With everything she needed_, she left the shop. A. buying B. to buy C. bought D. to be bought
